23 
species arc of great beaxity, and are derived from the extreme southern 
limit of the American continent. They a,re perfectly hardy, and as 
the ashy-hcaded goose has increased rapidly since its introduction at 
Knowsley, in 1849, there is little room to doubt that the Upland 
goose will also, in a few years, become equally abundant in European 
collections. The genus to which these birds belong is closely allied 
to Bemicla^ which includes the well known Brent goose, and Bemicle. 
They are rather terrestrial than aquatic in their habits, feeding almost 
entirely upon grass, which they graze with the closeness of a flock of 
sheep. 
The Sandwich Island Goose. —(Bernida Sandvimim ),—From 
these two pairs the whole of the birds now in European collections 
are descended. 
The Ckueofsis Goose. —(Gereopsis Novce-HollandioB ),—It breeds 
almost eveiy year in the garden, laying its eggs in March, next after 
the Sandwich Island goose, which is the earliest species we have. 
The Bean Goose found now only wild in England, but might be 
easily domesticated. 
The Rock or Magellanic Goose (B, Magellanica). 
The Snow Goose (Antarctica), both from the Falkland Islands, 
and which would breed well here. 
The Black Swan, of which Mr. Gurney writes to me —The 
pair in iny possession, at Carshaltou, breed regularly twice a year, 
sometimes tlirce times, and have in six years had about 131 eggs, 
hatched 83, and reared about 50.” 
The Black Necked Sv^ans which have reared their young in the 
Zoological Gardens.* 
The Stanley Ckane. —(Teirapteryx paradisea .)—In the rich and 
varied collection of living animals which he subsequently accumulated 
at Knowsley, broods of this beautiful bird were hatched out on several 
occasions. 
The WuiTE Stork, — (Gicotda alba.) —The white stork is one of 
the most familiarly known species of European birds although in 
England it has, from the changes effected by improved agriculture, 
become comparatively rare. 
The Mantctiourian Crank.- — Montlgnesia .)—The birds 
which were taken to Paris by M. do Montigny, on his return from 
China, in 1854, have not only flourished there in the most perfect 
health, but have for three successive seasons made a nest and hatched 
out their young. The Mantchouriaii crane is a favourite bird among 
* For the exhibition of the skina of nuuiy of these bu’ds I am again in¬ 
debted to Mr. Lcadbcater. 
