JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
35 
foliage is rather tender at this time of year ? ” As this is a matter that 
can only be determined by experiment, and as we have been fortunate 
is not having the “ white fly ” to combat in growing Tomatoes we com¬ 
mend the subject to those who have been troubled with it, and have 
found a good and safe method of extermination. The insects, as you 
say, are ‘'easy enough ” destroyed with tobacco smoke, but you wish to 
prevent their appearance, which we agree is much preferable to allowing 
them to increase and killing them afterwards. 
Cleaning- a Pond (J. K .).—The mud is a useful dressing for grass 
land after it has lain a time to part with the superfluous moisture, and 
being in a fit state for turning over and mixing with a sixth part of 
unslaked lime. No deodoriser is necessary, as there will not be any 
particularly offensive effluvia, at least we have not found any worth 
■mentioning whilst the emptying was in progress or afterwards ; but if any 
arises, unslaked lime may be used over the heap at the rate named, but 
it is not so good as mixing it with the heap in turning, when it becomes 
sufficiently dry for the purpose. If the mud is not far to wheel, or 
within 50 yards, including the pond as well as the land run, 4^d. per 
-cubic yard is a fair price, but everything depends on circumstances. If 
■deep and difficult to get out, the price would be higher, and if merely to 
throw out less ; besides, the rate of wages influence the price considerably, 
this varying both in localities and seasons of the year. 
Crafting Pears (J. J .~).—It is a capital plan when any kinds do 
not succeed in a locality to regraft them with others that are found to 
answer both as regards crop and quality. If this were more acted 
upon our fruit supplies would be better, and more satisfactory results 
attend the efforts of the cultivator. The trees, if standards, should be 
headed back to within a few inches of the stem— i. e., each branch, 
leaving sufficient space for inserting the grafts. If pyramids or dwarfs 
■they may be treated similarly. The heading down may be done now, 
and the grafting may be performed at the close of March or early in 
April, as the season is early or late, it being necessary that the sap be 
rising in the stocks before grafting. The scions should be kept back by 
taking now and inserting in soil at the base of a north wall until 
required. For small branches whip-grafting is the most suitable, and 
for large branches cleft, also crown grafting may be safely practised. 
The Chrysanthemum Ply (IF. C.).- -The leaf-mining insect that 
attacks Marguerites is the same that attacks, happily much less per¬ 
sistently, Chinese Chrysanthemums, and if it is not identical with is 
closely allied to the Celery fly (Tephritis). The flies puncture the 
leaves, depositing eggs which hatch, and the larvae eat their way 
through the interior of the leaves and destroy them. The fly 
may be prevented attacking Celery by syringing the plants with a solu¬ 
tion of softsoap and petroleum in the evening, not in the morning, as if 
hot sun follows when the leaves are wet they may be scorched. We 
have known this to destroy the maggots in the leaves, but their preven¬ 
tion is infinitely to be preferred. We know of no other way of prevent¬ 
ing the insects attacking Marguerites. All the worst leaves should be 
gathered and burned. Two ounces of softsoap and a lump of soda the 
size of a nutmeg dissolved in a gallon of soft boiling water, stirring in 
very briskly while hot half a wineglassful of petroleum, such as is 
burned in lamps, are safe proportions to use. If you try the plan 
suggested we shall be obliged if you will state the effect of the applica¬ 
tion. 
Poinsettia leaves Palling- (TF. R. 0.). —The leaves always turn 
yellow and drop off after the plants have been in beauty for some time ; 
but the change and casting of the foliage is accelerated by the checks 
the plants have received by sudden changes of temperature or extreme 
dryness of the roots even if only for a few hours. If the plants to 
which you allude had been grown in a very warm house, and especially 
if the pots had been partly plunged in a hotbed, the journey to which 
they have been subjected is quite sufficient to cause the loss of foliage. 
■Continue watering them regularly as long as the bracts remain fresh and 
bright, then gradually withhold water until the soil is quite dry. After 
•a few weeks of rest the plants maybe cut down, the growths being made 
into cuttings and inserted in sand, one joint below and one eye just 
above the surface. If the pots are placed in heat these cuttings will 
■emit roots, and with good culture form fine plants during the season ; 
cuttings of the young shoots (that are produced if the plants are not 
cut down) strike freely if inserted when 3 inches long and placed in 
brisk moist heat and shaded so as to prevent flagging. The old cut- 
ilown plants, when they have made half an inch of fresh growth, should 
be shaken out of the pots and be repotted in fresh soil, and if properly 
treated they will produce large heads of brilliant bracts by next 
Christmas. 
Prozen Vegetables ( Reader ).—It is doubtful if the stems of the 
Celery to which you allude were really frozen, as the frost you record 
would not be sufficient to penetrate the soil unless the ridges were un¬ 
usually narrow. The tops of the plants if not covered would be killed, 
and the decay would gradually spread downwards, and eventually spoil 
the crop. It is for this reason that Celery should always be protected 
by covering the rows with straw or litter ; still if the plants were 
frozen in the soil, as they sometimes are, they would be quite safe to use 
cither in the ordinary manner or in soups, provided the heads were 
thawed very gradually by placing them in cold water, and the Celery 
was afterwards firm, not soft. When frozen Celery is washed in warm 
water it is impaired in quality if not spoiled. We have grown many 
thousands of heads of the variety you name in a district where the 
winters are much more severe than your own, and with care in pro¬ 
tecting have had produce of excellent quality until the end of April. 
Some of the red varieties are more hardy than the white, but none is 
strictly speaking, “ frost-proof ” when grown in the usual manner in 
gardens. Many vegetables are better after having been frozen than 
before ; Savoys and the different varieties of Kales, for instance, also 
Brussels Sprouts. Even if these are so hard that they can only be cut 
with great difficulty they are perfectly safe if, after having been im¬ 
mersed in cold water for a time, they remain green and fresh, but if soft 
and pulpy they are not fit for use ; consequently frozen vegetables 
should never be cut and placed on the fire at once, nor should they be 
washed in warm water. 
Uames of Fruits. —The names and addresses of senders of fruit 
to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. ( Gilbert Wootton ).—We cannot identify any of the Apples. 
Are they not varieties of local origin ? 
Uames of Plants.— We only undertake to name species of plants* 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers- 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(F. J. If.). —Your plant is probably Aralia reticulata, which is often 
used as a stock for Aralias Veitchi and gracillima. (J/. C.). —1, We 
cannot recognise such an imperfect specimen. 2, Cyrtomium falcatum. 
4, Pteris serrulata cristata. 5, An attenuated variety of Athyrium Filix- 
feemina. 6, Polypodium aureum. (J". F. C.). —insufficient. 
COYENT GARDEN MARKET.— January 9th. 
OUR market still keeps dull, and all classes of fruit are lower. 
Grapes is unlimited. 
FRUIT. 
The demand for 
s. d. 
s. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Apple?, 4 sieve. 
2 0 to 4 
0 
Lemons, case. 
10 
0 to 15 
0 
,, Nova Scotia and 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Canada, per barrel 
5 0 
9 
0 
Peaches, dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cherries, J sieve .. .. 
0 0 
0 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Gobs, 100 lbs. 
0 0 
0 
0 
Plums, £-8i9ve. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grapes, per ft. 
0 9 
2 
6 
St. Michael Fine , each 
s 
0 
8 
0 
VEGETABLES, 
s. d. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 
2 0 
to 8 
0 
Lettuce, dozen .. •• 
0 
9 
to 1 
S 
Aeparagus, bundle ,. . • 
0 0 
0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Beans, Kidney,per lb. .. 
0 10 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet,Red, dozen .. .. 
1 0 
2 
0 
New Potatoes, per owt... 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Broccoli, bundle .. .. 
0 0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch. 
0 
8 
u 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, £ sieve 
1 0 
1 
6 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cabbage,dozen .. .. 
1 6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. 
i 
0 
0 
0 
Capsicum?, per 100 
0 0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 4 
0 
0 
,, Kidney, per cwt. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Cauliflower?, dozen 
1 0 
2 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
1 6 
2 
0 
Salsify, bundle .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
2 0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumber?, each .. .. 
0 S 
0 
4 
Shallots, per ft .. .. 
•0 
& 
0 
O 
Endive, dozen. 
1 0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel ,. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Herb?, bunch. 
0 2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 19 
Leeks, bunch. 
0 8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
9 
CUT FLOWERS. 
s. 
d. 
8 
a. 
Abutilcns, 12 bunches .. 8 
0 
to 6 
0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 4 
0 
8 
0 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 0 
9 
1 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 0 
9 
1 
0 
Camellias, 12 blooms .. 3 
0 
4 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 1 
0 
2 
0 
Christmas Rose .. .. 9 
6 
o 
0 
Chrysanthemums, 12 bl... 1 
0 
s 
0 
„ 12 bchs. 4 
0 
12 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen blooms 0 
4 
0 
9 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. S 
0 
6 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 9 
0 
18 
0 
Hyacinths (Roman), doz. 
sprays . 1 
0 
1 
8 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 1 
0 
2 
6 
Lilac, White (French), 
per bunch .6 
0 
7 
0 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
blooms.4 
0 
6 
0 
LilyoftheValley,12sprays 0 
9 
1 
< 
Marguerites, la bunches 2 
0 
6 
0 
PLANTS 
s. 
a. 
s. 
d. 
Aralia Siebaldi, dozen .. 6 
0 to 12 
0 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 12 
0 
18 
0 
Arbor vit® (golden) dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Aslers, 12 pots.0 
0 
0 
0 
Azalea, per dozen .. .. 24 
0 
42 
0 
Begonias, various, per doz. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Chrysanthemum, doz. .. 4 
0 
9 
0 
., large, doz. .. 15 
0 
24 
0 
Cyclamen., dozen pots .. 9 
0 
18 
0 
Drachma terminalis, doz. 30 
0 
60 
0 
DraceLfB "viridis, d( z. .. 12 
0 
24 
0 
Erica hyemalis, dcz. .. 12 
0 
24 
0 
„ gracilis, doz.9 
0 
12 
0 
„ various, doz.8 
0 
18 
0 
Euonymus, var., dozen 6 
0 
18 
0 
s. d. s. d. 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 2 0 to 4 0 
Narcissus (Paper White), 
12 sprays ..10 16 
„ (French) bunch 0 3 0 0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 10 16 
,, scarlet, 12 trusses 6 0 12 0 
Poinsettia, dozen blooms 4 0 6 0 
Primroses, doz. bunches.. 10 2 0 
Roses, Red, 12 blooms ..10 20 
,, (indoor),dozen .. 2 0 3 0 
,, Tea, dozen .... 2 0 6 0 
„ yellow . 8 0 8 0 
Stephanotis, 12 sprays ..9 0 12 0 
Tropseolum, 12 benches 10 2 0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .,16 SO 
Talips, dozen blooms ..0 9 16 
Violets, 12 bunches.. ..10 16 
„ Parme (French), 
per bunch ..36* 60 
,, (French) bunch.. 16 2 0 
Wallflowers, diz. bunches 4 0 6 0 
IN POTS. 
s. d. s. d. 
Evergreens, in var., dcz?n 6 0 to 24 0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 4 0 18 0 
Ficusela9tica, 66ch ..16 7 0 
Foliage pints, var., each 2 0 10 0 
Hyacinths, per d<zen ..9 0 12 0 
Hyacinths (Roman), dcz. 9 0 12 0 
Lily of the V-lle;, 
doz. poti .. .. .. 18 0 42 0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 6 0 12 0 
Myrtles, dozen.6 0 12 0 
Palms, in var,, each .. 2 6 21 0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, 12 6 0 9 0 
Poinsettia, per dozen .. 10 0 15 
Primula, per dcz .. .. 4 0 6 0 
Solanums. dcz. ... 9 0 12 0 
