January 24, 1889. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
79 
Yours have stood longer than we should have expected. If you remove 
the troughs, the holes in the pipes may be stopped by small plugs, or 
screws screwed tightly into the pipe with a few threads of fine hemp and 
red lead. 
Cleaning' a Tomato House (F. IF.).—Every part of the woodwork 
•may with advantage be dressed with petroleum, taking care to fill every 
•crevice ; but this cannot be done with a spray. Apply it with a brush 
as if you were painting, and you will make short work of any insects or 
•eggs that may be covered with the oil; not only the rafters may be so 
treated, but the sashbars and all woodwork whatever. Any walls should 
be washed with hot lime, and you have done well in removing the 
surface soil. See the note on page 46 ; it is from a large and successful 
grower of Tomatoes. We are obliged by your experience printed on 
another page, and it is much in accord with our own. A trial of 
Tomatoes was made in 1887 at Chiswick, and published in the Journal. 
There was no,“ trial ” in 1888, but a few varieties have been admirably 
grown, and referred to in an illustrated article in our issue of 
October 18th. 
Hollyhocks Diseased ((7. IF. 6'.).—We are sorry to inform you 
that the leaves sent are seriously attacked by the fungus (Puccinia 
malvacearum) that is so destructive to these plants, and which has 
practically exterminated them in some districts. If all the leaves are 
like those before us we fear the plants are beyond remedy; but if there 
arc some good leaves you might remove and burn the bad, then dip the 
small plants, which we presume are in pots, in a thin creamy solution of 
sulphur, adding half a wineglass of petroleum to each gallon, stirring 
very briskly before dipping each plant, or the oil will rise to the surface, 
too much of it adhering to the stems and leaves. The frame should be 
washed with hot lime, and if the pots are stood on ashes, these should 
be removed and a fresh layer substituted. Some of the old soil should 
be taken from the surface of the pots and fresh added. Whether you 
succeed or not in your object an attempt to restore the plants to health 
is worth trying. This disease has been illustrated in the Journal. 
Carrots Tailing (J . II.'). —In some soils it is practically impossible 
to grow clean Carrots, no matter how much soot, lime, and salt may be 
added to the land, and when persons say they “never fail ” by the use 
of those ingredients we are inclined to suspect they have not had the 
most difficult conditions to deal with. The maggot is caused by a very 
small fly that deposits eggs early in the summer, the insects being pro¬ 
duced by lame that have lived in the ground through the winter. It 
is most desirable to destroy these, and gas lime well mixed with the soil 
in the autumn, or two or three months before sowing, is more effectual 
than any amount of soot or lime in spring. Gas lime may be used at 
the rate of a peck to a rod, about 30 square yards, at the time stated. It 
is too strong to use just before sowing the seed. Some persons make 
•deep drills and fill them with wood ashes for sowing the seed in, with 
more or less of success. Very early and very late crops are the most 
free from the maggot, and the Early Horn varieties sown in July get 
large enough for use and storing, excellent crops having been produced 
on land which was useless for Carrots sown at the ordinary time, or 
early in April, after many dressings of soot;and lime. 
Woodlice and Mushrooms (77. It. G.). —Woodlice freely eat 
joung Mushrooms, not so far as we know the mycelium in the beds, and 
beds dry enough for the insects to enter we should consider too dry for 
Mushrooms. We know of no better methods for exterminating the 
pests than those mentioned in “Mushrooms for the Million,” which we 
presume you have read. We have never known the old board traps 
fail when rightly used and well attended to. Do you not keep the 
surface of the beds and litter covering too dry ? We suspect that is so, 
especially at the side of the beds next the pipes, and we should try a 
change in that respect, taking a lesson from your outdoor beds, which 
you say give “splendid clusters” of Mushrooms. The heap of sawdust 
and horse manure that has afforded such fine specimens, even during 
the cold weather, cannot have been dry, yet it is evident the moisture 
was not injurious. The outside beds that were spawned in September, 
and only now commencing bearing, may be very productive, the growth 
•of the Mushrooms fluctuating with the weather. Your experience is 
another instance of the wisdom of waiting. If the mycelium spreads 
through beds in the autumn cold does not destroy it, but only retards 
the production of Mushrooms, but the spawn cannot “run” in quite 
cold beds. 
Starting- Vines (A. C. G.). —We hope the wood of your Vines 
that retained their foliage so long was well ripened. After cutting the 
fruit some fire heat and a dry breezy atmosphere would probaoly have 
been advantageous. Dress the cut ends with styptic or painter’s knot¬ 
ting at once. You have done right in freely ventilating since pruning, 
and the Vines would have been no worse if you had employed no fire 
heat under the circumstances. Your plan of washing the rods and walls 
is good, as the prevention of insects is better than letting them appear, 
to be destroyed. It will be advisable to remove the surface soil from 
the inside border just down to-some of the roots, giving tepid water 
-copiously if the border is the least dry—not on the surface only, but 
2 feet below, which should be examined. In place of the old soil 
removed turfy loam should be added, with a fifth part of sweet decayed 
manure intermixed ; also some wood ashes, and if convenient crushed 
bone, pressing the soil down moderately firm. It is an excellent plan to 
have some sweet fermenting manure and leaves in the house when the 
Vines are starting and onwards, but particular care must be exercised 
not to overheat the soil—a gentle warmth is sufficient, and better than 
any approach to strong heat, much injury having been done to the Vines 
by the latter mistake. The outside border may be covered with leaves 
preferably for generating a very gentle warmth ; an excess of heat 
would be decidedly injurious. In starting commence with a minimum 
night temperature of 45° to 50°, increasing as growth proceeds, and 
following other details that you will find in our “ Work for the Week” 
columns, turning back to past numbers, and looking forward to future 
issues. 
Names of Fruits.—The names and addresses of senders of fruit 
to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved. (Henry Wright). —I, Flanders Pippin; 2, Herefordshire 
Pomeroy; 3, like the small Cockpit. (IF. E. C.). —The Grapes were 
broken by being shaken in the box almost beyond recognition. The 
variety is, we think, the White Tokay. (J. 31.). —We are unable to 
identify your Apple from the specimen sent. 
Uames of Flants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(.7. 77.).—1, Asparagus plumosus ; 2,Asparagus tenuissimus ; 3,Asplenium 
cicutarium. (IF. R. S.). —1, Odontoglossum maculatum ; 2, Odonto- 
glossum Rossi; 3, Masdevallia Harryana ; 4, Lselia anceps. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. —January 23rd. 
OUR market is quiet, but with a full suDply, and clearances are made only at low 
prices. Heavy consignments of Grapes are how being placed on the market, prices con¬ 
sequently keep very low. 
FRUIT. 
0. 
a. 
0. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Apples, 4 sieve. 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Lemons, case. 
10 
0 to 15 
0 
,, Nova Scotia and 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Canada, per barrel 
5 
0 
9 
0 
Peaches, dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cherries, £ sieve .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Gobs, 100 lbs. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Plums, ^-sieve. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grapes, per ft. 
0 
9 
2 
6 
St. Michael Pine , each 
2 
0 
6 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
a. 
0. 
d. 
0. 
a. 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
to 8 
0 
Lettuce, dozen .. •• 
0 
9 
to 1 
3 
Asparagus, bundle .. • • 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Beans, Kidney,per lb. .. 
0 10 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
New Potatoes, par cwt... 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Broccoli, bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, \ sieve 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Cabbage,dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. •• 
i 
0 
0 
0 
Capsicums, per 100 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt... .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Carrots, bunch •• .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
,, Kidney, per cwt. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsify, bundle .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
s 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
s 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Shallots, per lb •• 
0 
3 
0 
u 
Endive, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. ,. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Herbs, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
6 
1 
3 
Leeks, bunch. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch •• .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
0. 
a. 
8 
a. 
0. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Abutilons, 12 bunches .. 
8 
0 
to 8 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Naroitsus (Paper White), 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
12 sprays .. 
X 
0 
l 
6 
Bouvordias, bunch .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
,, (French) bunch 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Camellias, 12 blooms 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trasses 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
9 
0 
15 
0 
Christmas Rose 
0 
6 
2 
0 
Poinsettia, dozen blooms 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Chrysanthemums, 12 bl... 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Primroses, doz. bunohes.. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„ 12 bchs. 
4 
0 
12 
0 
Roses, Red, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen blooms 
0 
4 
0 
9 
,, (indoor), dozen 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Eucliaris, dozen .. .. 
8 
0 
6 
0 
,, Tea, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
15 
0 
30 
0 
„ yellow . 
8 
0 
8 
0 
Hyacinths (Roman), doz. 
Stephanotis,12 sprays .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
spray 8 . .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Tropasolum, 12 bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms •• 
1 
6 
S 
0 
Lilac, White (French), 
Tulips, dozen blooms .. 
0 
9 
1 
6 
per bunch . 
5 
0 
7 
0 
Violets, 12 bunches.. .. 
i 
0 
1 
6 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
„ Parme (French), 
blooms. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
per bunch 
3 
6 
5 
0 
Lilyof theValley, 12 sprays 
0 
9 
1 
6 
„ Dark (French) bcb. 
i 
6 
2 
0 
Marguerites, It bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Wallflowers, doz. bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
PLANTS 
IS POTS. 
0 . 
a. 
0 . 
d. 
3. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
4 
Oto 18 
0 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Ficus elastic*, each 
1 
6 
7 
0 
Arbor vitsefgoldenl dozen 12 
0 
21 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Asters, 12 pots. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Hyacinths, per dozen .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Azalea, per dozen .. .. 
24 
0 
43 
0 
Hyacinths (Roman), doz. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Begonias, various, per doz 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lily of the Valley, 
Chrysanthemum, doz. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
doz. pot j . 
12 
0 
33 
0 
Cyclamen,, dozen pots .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Dracama terminalis, doz. 
30 
0 
60 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
DraceDce viridis, doz. .. 
13 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var., each 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Erica hyemalis, doz. ,. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Pelargoniums, scirlet, 12 
6 
0 
9 
0 
„ gracilis, doz. . • .. 
9 
0 
13 
0 
Poinsettia, per dozen .. 
10 
0 
15 
o 
,, various, doz. 
8 
0 
18 
0 
Primula, per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Euonymus, var.. dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Solanums, doz. .. . 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
21 
0 
Tulips, doz. pats .. .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
