February 7, 1889. J 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
105 
kindly accepted Mr. Lee’s place on the audit in conjunction with Messrs. 
Richards and Turner. 
Fellows will gather from this report and from the schedule of 
arrangements 1889, already referred to, how great is the desire of the 
Council, to extend in every direction the legitimate horticultural work of 
the Society, and that they will eventually he able to do this they do not 
allow themselves for a moment to doubt; but the rate of progress 
depends almost entirely on the zeal of individual Felows in introducing 
new Fellows. Many of those residing at South Kensington are falling 
off owing to the Society’s removal, the site of their gardens having been 
granted to the Imperial Institute, and unless their places are filled, and 
more than filled, by new Fellows, it is plainly impossible for much 
advance to be made. The Council therefore appeal earnestly to all 
Fellows who desire to see the really horticultural work of the Society 
prosper to assist it by enlisting new Fellow's, for which purpose a 
nomination form is sent with this report in the earnest hope that ere 
long it may be returned duly filled up. 
ANNUAL REVENUE ACCDUNf FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31ST DECEMBER, 1883. 
To Estob ishment Exxnses: — 
Salaries. 
W agres .. 
Rpnt . . 
Printlug and Stationery .*! !’ ’* 
Postage .... 
Gas and Water .. I. ** ** . 
Coal. 
Miscellaneous .. "* ]* ** ** ** ** " 
Removing and fitting up Offices and Library* \\ \\ \\ 
» Chiswick Garden Expenses: — 
Pent, Hates, Taxes, and Insurance .. 
Superintendent’s Salary 
Labour . ** 
Plant and Seed Distribution .. ** .*] *.* J* ** 
Implements. Manure, <&c. 
Coal and Coke .. 
Gas. ‘ f ‘ “ ” M . 
Repairs .. ** . 
Water . ** ** ’* ** ** ** ** 
«, Expenses of Show of Chiswick Horticultural Society ** 
Miscellaneous. 
u Kensington Garden Expenses to March 2 5th 1 1888 
Rites, Taxes, <frc. 
Superintendent’s Salary 
Labour. * . 
Repairs .. .. ” ** . 
Coal and Coke .. * ** . 
Water . *“ ** ** ** ** ** |* 
m Exhibi ions and Meetings:— 
Rent of Dr.11 Hall and Cleaning .. 
Advertising 
Prizes and Medals .. .* ** ** 
Emit and Floral Committees ’* ** ** ** ** 
Superintendent of Flower Sbaws 
Labour. 
Miscellaneous .. ** 
Temple Show .. .. .. t " ** # * ’* 
Apple and Pear Conference!. !! !! !! .! ** ’* 
£ 
jj. 
d. 
448 
7 
11 
47 
8 
0 
90 
0 
0 
123 12 10 
80 18 
8 
9 
9 11 
1 
3 
0 
66 
1 
3 
99 
16 
0 
286 
1 
10 
206 
5 
0 
587 
10 
1 
8 
16 
0 
92 
19 
9 
172 
9 
3 
•2 
9 
11 
45 
11 
9 
12 
1* 
5 
13 
10 
11 
17 
9 
19 
5 
0 
27 
0 
0 
61 
6 
0 
4 
5 
0 
28 
1 
9 
4 
12 
2 
86 
11 
0 
24 
10 
6 
37 
12 
1 
89 
5 
7 
43 
15 
0 
74 
K 
11 
6 
16 
0 
382 
0 
10 
57 
0 
3 
£ s. d. 
966 17 7 
1501 6 8 
142 9 11 
802 0 2 
» Annual Subscrip ions •— 
Balance «f subscriptions for 1887 unpaid nov written off .. 110 5 0 
» Colonial Commit ions Accounts:— 
Balances written off. 2 7 7 
ii Balance to General Rtvenue Account . 9 >8 16 10 
£4434 3 9 
By Annual Subscriptions .* 
i, donations Account—Amount Transferred* ** 
n Contribution from Lindley Library Trustees. 
On account of Moving . 
w Bear Conference (188-5)— Reports Sold 
» Schedules Advertisements . 
» Chiswick Gardens 
Sale of Produce . 
Melbourne Exhibition for Fruit Exhibits !! 
Admission and Members’ Tickets 
Packing Charges Refunded 
Chiswick Horticultural Society on account 
» Misc-U%rteous Receip's :— 
Old Canvas Sold . 
Received against old Debts written off as bad 
Sundries. 
£ s. d. 
737 7 6 
10 0 0 
28 9 9 
4 7 0 
30 0 0 
54 12 0 
25 19 2 
7 3 2 
x Admission Paym*n's 
Bi-monthly Meetings .. 
Tern ole Show . ti 
Apple and Pear Conference .. .. .. !1 !! !! 
ii Dividends:— 
Davis B.quest and Parry Legacy (including Bonus of £20 15s. 2d.) 
£ s. d. 
2252 3 0 
755 7 6 
20 C 0 
11 14 9 
30 16 6 
81C 4 3 
87 14 4 
22 3 8 
278 17 1 
21 1 0 
84 14 2 
n Sundry Ci'tdit Balances in List, Slst December, new witlten off 
4372 16 3 
61 7 6 
i'4434 3 9 
We have examined the above Accounts with 
the same correct. 
25th January, 1889. 
the Bocks and Yonchcrs, and we find 
W. RICHARD'*, ) 
Harry TU RN ER, l A uditors . 
GEORGE DEAL, J 
BAL'NCE SHEET, 31 ST DECEMBER, 1888. 
DR. £ p. d. 
To Sundry Creditors.324 16 10 
ii Donations received :— 
Balance of Account. •• „ S 65 16 6 
»» General Revenue Accmi t 
Balance of that Account.. .. 2103 5 3 
P2793 18 7 
CR. 
By Debtors, viz. 
Annual Subscriptions outstanding. 
Garden Produce . 
Pear Conference Reports po’d. 
Chiswioa Horticultural Society . 
i, Investment 
Consols, £2122 8s. 91, cost f £2022 8s. 9d. of this sum is held by 
the society, subject to the provisions of the will of the 
late J. Davis, Esq.) . 
i, Petty Cash in hand . 
„ London and County Bank 
Donation Account. 
Current Account .. 
£ s. d. £ e. d 
63 0 0 
47 II10 
8 2 1 
£0 0 0 
- 148 13 11 
1892 II 3 
25 5 2 
365 16 6 
35 L 11 9 
£2793 18 7 
We hnvr ex imlned the above Accounts with the Books and Vouchers, and we find the 
same c i rt c 
25 J inuary 18 9. 
W. RICHARDS, ) 
HARRY TURNER,}- Auditors. 
GEORGE DEAL, J 
GENERAL I EVENUE ACCOUNT, 31ST DECEMBER, 1888. 
DR. £ 9. d. 
To Balance ear.i d f irward . 2103 5 3 
£2 03 5 3 
CR. £ s. d 
By Balance of Revenue Account brought forwar Dt January, 1883 .. .. 1134 8 5 
, Annual Revenue Account:— 
Balance for the year I 08 J .. .. . 908 16 10 
£ 2 103 5 3 
We have examined the above Accounts with the Eooks and Voucher , and we find 
the same correct. 
w. T>TCHARI) 1 , ) 
H v R R Y TJH N EK, J Auditors.. 
25 h January, 1839. GEORGE DEAL, ) 
PLANTING UNDER TREES. 
It is not difficult to establish Irish Ivy under trees provided their 
branches do not sweep the ground, forming a dense shade, and the soil is 
not too dry. If light and air can penetrate freely, the Ivy the second 
year after planting will form a dense carpet, and when once established 
will remain presentable for many years. This is especially the case if 
cut close occasionally and garden refuse spread amongst it, into which it 
will root freely. First of all it is necessary to fork into the ground in. 
early autumn, or even now, a liberal dressing of garden refuse. Manure- 
for such purposes is not always to be had. but for years we have saved' 
the mowings from the lawns, brushings from the walks, and rough leaves, 
and allowed it to lay for a season previous to being used. 
The old London Pride (Saxifraga umbrosa) is also a valuable plant, 
and will grow in nearly every position in which the Ivy will flourish. 
Vinca minor and its double form will do equally well. It grows quickly, 
is easily established. If planted in a position where neatness must be 
strictly adhered to cut it close to the ground annually just as signs of 
growth are visible. The Vinca roots freely from cuttings, which can be 
dibbled in outside or in a cold frame and then planted in the position 
they are to occupy about 6 inches apart. Cuttings put in now would be 
ready for planting out in April, but they do better in many positions if 
planted out the following autumn after the insertion of the cuttings. 
All the stronger growing varieties of German Iris do admirably under 
the shade of trees. They certainly do not form such a dense carpet as 
Ivy, but they add variety, and often flower profusely in such positions. 
This is not all, for there are positions in which they are even more- 
effective than Ivy. 
Rhododendrons are difficult to establish because they are so finely 
rooted and the ground cannot be worked sufficiently deep to provide 
against their greatest enemy, drought. If they are wanted under trees 
they should be planted at the same time as those. When once they are- 
established they will do fairly well, especially if care is taken to cut 
them in from time to time to prevent their assuming a straggling habit. 
They can be established in woods where the ground can be dug ancT 
plenty of leaf soil incorporated, so that they would be free from the- 
roots of strong growing trees for a season or two until they are estab¬ 
lished. The Aucuba has been condemned, but it is the best of all 
evergreens for establishing under trees. It will stand any shade and 
drought when once established. Here it is healthy and compact, 
although it is green, at the base of large trees. It ha3 been established* 
at the base of others where I could scarcely make holes in the first 
instance. The secret of establishing the Aucuba is to stait with, 
moderately small plants, and work plenty of leaf soil or the refuse- 
named into the ground. 
The value of Mahonia Aquifolium or Ruscus aculeatus I do not 
question for this purpose, but even these are not superior to the Aucuba. 
It is indeed questionable if the former is not more trouble to establish. 
The round-leaved form of the common Laurel, which is, perhaps, the 
hardiest of all, does remarkably well under the shade of trees, and will 
grow sturdily in such positions. The ground is well prepared and 
young specimens planted ; they are pegged down afterwards, and will 
grow into a mass luxuriant enough to please the most particular. The 
Laurel, unlike the Aucuba, must be cut in freely to prevent its becom¬ 
ing bare in time. The common Yew will grow under trees, but if the 
position becomes densely shaded tl-ey are soon bare at the base. When 
once established it withstands drought, but cutting winds are more 
detrimental to the Yew than to the Ilolly or Box. The last must by no 
means to he ignored for planting under trees, but it is of slow growth. 
Broad-leaved strong growing Hollies flourish amazingly under trees. If 
