■February 14, 1889. J 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
141 
a mixture of peat, leaf mould, and sand, and some stout states,"which, 
when forced into the pot, will reach above the plant. The operator 
should have a person to assist. The plant is first tied to a stake above 
and below where the notch is to be. This is made by holding the blade 
of a sharp knife horizontally, then cutting straight into the stem to its 
centre, or through it, then placing the edge an inch or two below the 
transverse incision and cutting up to it, taking out the portion of stem. 
The pot is then placed in position by bringing the two sides together 
round the stem and stake, binding the pot with string ; a piece of moss 
is pressed in the pot, which is then filled with the compost, pressed 
down rather firmly, and surfaced with sand, other stakes being affixed 
to keep the pot firm in its position. The soil being kept moist, and the 
plant syringed in a warm house, roots soon issue from the notch, and 
when some of these protrude through the moss, the stem outside, and 
just under, the pot is cut half through, and if the leaves do not flag, the 
soil in the pot being kept very moist, the young plant is cut off in the 
course of another week and shifted into a larger pot. If the work is 
well done, not a leaf above the notch should suffer in the least, and as 
the base of these will be within the soil, the young plants are well 
“ furnished.” A ball of moss the size of a man’s hand bound round the 
notches, and kept constantly moist by frequent syringings incites the 
production of roots, and when these push freely through the moss, the 
stem can be cut half through at first, and eventually severed, the young 
plant being firmly potted with most of the moss attached, though some 
can be removed. You can try either or both these methods, for both 
answer under good manipulation and attention. When the plants are 
beheaded, the naked stems may be induced to push growths freely by 
laying them in a warm bed of cocoa-nut fibre refuse—that is, burying 
them entirely an inch or so deep. The heat and moisture causes the 
latent buds to swell, and young growths push above the surface. 
"When they are 2 or 3 inches high they will have rooted, and can be 
taken off and established in small pots. Thousands are raised in that 
way, the old plants being shaken out of the pots and the roots cut off 
for laying the stems, quite horizontally, in the fibre. 
Hames of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
({?., Cheltenham').— The scraps you have sent are insufficient for identi¬ 
fication. No. 3 is a Cytisus. See our conditions on the subject. 
(./. Crispin). —The Orchid is an exceptionally fine variety of Dendro- 
bium speciosum, the flowers larger, and the yellow colour deeper than 
usual. (S.S.). —Juniperus virginiana. (i2. 0. ).—l,SelaginellaKraussiana; 
2, Selaginella caulescens. (F. S. J).). —Farfugium grande. ( Columbine ). 
—We do not undertake to name varieties of Camellias. See reply to 
“ A. W.,” page 119 last week. 
COYENT GAKDEN MARKET. —February 13th. 
Business still quiet, with prices better all round. 
FRUIT. 
B. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
a. 
8. 
a. 
Apples, £ sieve.. .. .. 
2 
0 
10 
n f.n 1 K 
o 
„ Nova Scotia and 
Oranges, per 100 .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Canada, per barrel 
7 
0 
16 
0 
Peaches, dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cherries, £ sieve .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Oobe, 100 lbs. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
o 
o 
o 
o 
Grapes, per ft. 
1 
0 
3 
6 
St. Michael Pine , each 
2 
0 
6 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Artichokes, dozen • • •. 
2 
0 to 8 
0 
Lettuce,dozen .. 
0 
9 
to 1 
3 
Asparagus,bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Beans, Kidney,per lb. .. 
1 
3 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 
0 
a 
0 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen *. »» 
1 
0 
2 
0 
New Potatoes, per cwt... 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Broccoli, bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel .. .. 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, l sieve 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
b 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
i 
0 
0 
0 
Capsicums, per 100 .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
,, Kidney, per cwt. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsify, bundle .. M 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Coleworts, dcz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Soorzonera, bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Shallots, per ft , .. .. 
0 
s 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach,bushel .. .. 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Herb?, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per ft. 
0 
6 
1 
3 
Leeks, bunch. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
e. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
1. 
8. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
6 
Oto 12 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
4 
Oto 18 
0 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Ficus elastica, each 
1 
6 
7 
0 
Arbor vnEefgoldenl dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Foliagi plants, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
u 
0 
0 
0 
Genista, per dozen .. .. 
8 
0 
18 
0 
Azalea, per dozen .. 
24 
0 
42 
0 
Hyacinths, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
0 
9 
Begonias, various, per doz 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Hyacinths (Roman), doz. 
9 
o 
12 
0 
Cineraria, per dozen 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Lily ol the Valiev, 
Cyclamen,, dczen pots .. 
0 
0 
18 
0 
doz. pota . 
12 
0 
36 
O! 
Dracamaterminalis, doz. 
80 
0 
60 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Draceure viridis, doz. .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozen .. .. 
6 
0 
12 
ft 
Erica hyemalis, doz. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var., each 
2 
6 
21 
0 
,» gracilis, doz. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, 12 
6 
0 
9 
0 
various; doz. .. , 
8 
0 
18 
0 
Primula, per doz. .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Euonymus, var.. dozen 
B 
0 
18 
0 
Solanums. doz. .. . 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Evergreens, in var„ dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Tulips, doz. pole .. .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
CUT FLOWERS. 
8. 
d. 
8 
a. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Abutilons, 12 hunches .. 
8 
0 to 6 
0 
LilyottheValley, 12 Bpraya 
0 
6 to 1 
O' 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
8 
0 
8 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
& 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. . 
0 
9 
l 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
4 
9 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
0 
9 
l 
0 
Narcissus (Paper White), 
Camellias, 12 blooms .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
12 sprays .. 
1 
0 
i 
6 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„ (French) bunch 
0 
3 
0 
s 
Christmas Rose .. .. 
0 
6 
2 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trasses 
1 
0 
i 
e 
Chrysanthemums, 12 bl... 
1 
0 
3 
0 
,, scarlet, 12 trusses 
9 
0 
15 
0 
,i 12 bchs. 
4 
0 
12 
0 
Poinsettia, dozen blooms 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen blooms 
0 
4 
0 
9 
Primroses, doz. bunohes.. 
1 
0 
2 
o 
Daffodils (picgle)l2blooms 0 
9 
1 
6 
RoseB, Red, 12 blooms .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
,, (double), 12 bl ioms 0 
0 
1 
0 
,, (indoor), dozen 
2 
0 
S 
ft 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 
8 
0 
6 
0 
„ Tea, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
0 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
15 
0 
30 
0 
,, yellow . 
8 
0 
8 
0 
Hyacinths (Roman), doz. 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
8 
0 
sprays . 
i 
0 
1 
6 
Tolips, dozen blooms .. 
0 
6 
1 
ft 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 
i 
0 
2 
6 
Violets, 12 bunches.. .. 
1 
0 
1 
ft 
Lilac, White (French), 
„ Parme (French), 
per bunch . 
6 
0 
7 
0 
per bunch 
8 
6 
5 
0 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
,, Dark (French) bch. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
blooms. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Wallflowers, doz. bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
FODDER CROPS. 
In his admirable book on “ Permanent and Temporary Pas¬ 
tures,” Mr. Martin J. Sutton says “ The custom of maintaining 
agricultural holdings that are almost entirely arable or almost 
entirely pastoral has failed to meet the necessities of our time. 
What is wanted now is a combination of arable and pastoral 
husbandry, so that when corn does not pay and stock is profitable, 
or vice versa , each occupier may obtain benefit from one branch of 
his business. The grazier would be profited in being able to 
winter his own stock instead of selling it to make a winter s 
manure for the arable farmer. On the other hand, the arable 
farmer would not then, as now, be compelled to sell his stock 
immediately his roots were exhausted or pay the grazier to summer 
the animals for him. The specialising of agriculture has been 
carried to injurious excess. Great arable farms without enough 
pasture to keep half a dozen cows, and large grazing farms that are 
wanting in sufficient arable to grow straw and roots for winter 
consumption, should both be regarded as evils, demanding prompt 
rectification. The admirable system pursued in Lancashire and in 
Scotland of annually laying away in artificial grasses a proportion 
of each farm for a period of three or four years is so successful 
that it is surprising the practice has not long since been adopted all 
over the country. Instead of this the sowing of Broad Clover 
alone is still the rule, and the admixture even of Rye Grass the ex¬ 
ception. In comparatively few instances is it usual to sow with 
the Clovers such heavy cropping varieties as Rye Grass, Foxtail, 
and Timothy, without which the best results cannot be obtained 
from the alternate system.” 
Under the heading of “ Temporary Pastures ” Mr. Sutton offers 
much other sensible advice that is calculated to enable farmers to 
grapple successfully with their difficulties, and, he says, “ to turn a 
deficit into a favourable balance.” We strongly advise every 
farmer to obtain a copy of this invaluable work, for we are 
persuaded the cost of it would be a most profitable investment, 
every page of it abounding with sound practical matter that is 
evidently derived from wide experience and close observation. 
There can be no doubt that the sowing of Broad Clover alone is 
carried to a ridiculous extreme. In East Anglia it is justifiable 
from the facf A the dry climate in that part of the country being 
so favourable for the development of seed, a full crop of Clover 
seed being very profitable. But the chance of good seed is often lost 
by the common practice of making the first growth into hay and 
trying to turn the second growth to account for seed. In a fine dry 
autumn this answers well enough ; without favourable weather it is 
a failure, and but too often the Clover is mown and stacked in such 
bad condition that it is a mere heap of musty litter. When the 
