May 9, 1889. j 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
389 
noon svringings usually practised, which will cleanse the foliage and 
fruit of the sulphur, and a reservation being made of the most promising 
to remain for the crop, the worst can be removed and burned. We 
further advise that the trees be syringed occasionally with sulphide of 
potassium (Harris’s), which we have found useful—indeed, quite as 
efficacious as sulphur, and easier as well as more cleanly in application. 
It may safely be used instead of sulphur, but the point is to act at once, 
therefore we mention both, so as to save further disaster. Mildew is 
fostered by defective ventilation. Why not increase the means of venti¬ 
lation 2 Too little provision it appears is made for the admission of air, 
but it will not save the trees from liability to mildew. 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp, 
C T,. A .).—Ornithogalum nutans. (T- d/., Ireland ').—Orchis mascula. 
( Capt. T .).—Oncidium pulvinatum. (C.).—Heuchera Richardsoni and 
Lycaste aromatica. (C. E. S .).—Your Rose, placed in a dry box with¬ 
out green packing, was quite too withered for identification, even if we- 
undertook to name Roses, which we do not, as, with few exceptions, 
those grown are florists’ varieties, not species of the genus Rosa. See 
our conditions. (P. P.).—A variety of Aucuba japonica. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— May 8th. 
Cutting- Down Chrysanthemums (P. II.). —We are often a 
little surprised by requests for information which has been recently 
published in a much more comprehensive form than is practicable in 
this column. It will perhaps be useful to you if we give a few refer¬ 
ences. Pp. 51, January 17th ; 62, January 24th ; 87, January 31st; 127, 
February 14th ; 157, February 21st; 177, February 26th, of the present 
year. We could point you to more on the subject, but in case you do 
not preserve the papers we cite from one of them, A Notts Grower,” 
whose advice may be followed with safety, stated on page 87 :—“ The 
collection is examined two or three days previous to the time of 
cutting down, and the plants intended for that purpose are placed 
by themselves in order to keep the roots rather dry, though not dust 
dry ; by so doing the plants do not suffer from bleeding. Great care 
is necessary not to get the roots soddened ; in fact, the only water I 
give them is either from the syringe or fine-rose watering can for 
ten days or more, according to the season. If a -wet season the 
plants should be kept in a frame or laid on their sides till beginning 
to break. Some judgment is required as to how the plants should 
be cut down. One of the main points is to keep the foliage good 
from the time of propagating, so that four or more good leaves are 
left on the stem after being cut back. It will be seen that the 
earlier varieties to be cut back will reap this advantage ; the later 
cut-backs or the earliest really, if struck with the others, sometimes 
become bare at the base; then they must not be cut lower than 
1 foot from the pot, or the plants will not break so freely as desir¬ 
able. The plants should got their final shift when the growths are 
about half an inch long, being very careful in supplying water for 
two or three weeks.” The time for cutting down ranges from the 
end of April for the late varieties, to the end of May for the earlier. 
The names of several varieties, and the time for cutting them down, 
may be found in the article quoted from, and if you do not possess 
the number (January 24th) it can be had by post from the publisher 
for 3£d. 
Epiphyllum Culture (JL Subscriber). —Encouraging free growth 
in the early part of the season under the influence of heat and moisture, 
and ripening it subsequently by full exposure to the sun, with reduced 
moisture, are the chief essentials in the cultivation of these plants. 
Possibly yours may not need repotting, and if not some of the old soil 
may be taken out and fresh added as a thick top-dressing. A successful 
cultivator has written as follows on these plants in the Journal of 
Horticulture: —“ During the growing season they delight in a warm 
close atmosphere, where they can be shaded from strong sun. They must 
also be liberally supplied with water. When the soil is allowed to become 
dry their fine silk-like roots quickly perish. Many failures have arisen 
from the poor soil given do the plants. A very suitable compost is rich i 
fibry loam, one-fourth leaf mould, one-seventh of cow manure, and a 
liberal dash of coarse sand. A little charcoal in the soil proves beneficial 
if the loam is inclined to be heavy. When the pots are full of roots 
manure applied to the surface of the soil will keep the roots in activity 
and assist the plants wonderfully. Directly growth has been completed 
the stems should be ripened by gradual exposure to light and a cooler 
atmosphere. This is essential if they are to flower profusely ; they will 
not flower on growths that are soft and unripened. The advance of these 
plants can be prevented at almost any time after a good growth has been 
developed—that is, say towards the middle of September. Fatal results 
often attend the resting of Epiphyllums, which is due to the want of 
knowledge of their cultural requirements. The plants must not be 
removed from a close warm house to a cold one, or they suffer severely. 
They should be placed in a house 10° lower than the one in which they 
have been growing, less moisture should be given and more light. This 
is sufficient to bring growth to a standstill and ripen it thoroughly. 
Failure results very often during the ripening or resting period from 
subjecting the plants to a roasting system of culture. How many may 
have been ruined through being kept so cry at their roots until their 
branches shrivel ! This treatment destroys roots, and the greater portion 
of the moisture stored in their fleshy growth is evaporated. They 
require a drier atmosphere than the ordinary stove, and a temperature of 
50°, with just sufficient water at their roots to keep the branches in a 
fresh plump condition. After they are once hardened and ripened they 
will bear cooler treatment for a time, and may be safely kept in a cool 
house. If the soil is wet about the roots while the plants are in a cold 
house they are certain to fail.” 
Names of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
Business improving, with good supplies. 
FRUIT. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
B. 
a. 
e. 
a. 
Aoples, i sieve. 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
to 9 
g 
„ Nova Scotia and 
Peaches, dozen. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Canada, per barrel 
7 
0 
16 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
» 
Cherries, £ sieve .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Plums, £-sieve. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
R rapes, per lb. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
St. Michael Pine , each 
2 
0 
6 
9 
Lemons, case. 
10 
0 
le 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. .. 
2 
0 
4 
9 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 to 3 
0 
Lettuce, dozen .. .. 
0 
9 to 1 
Asparagus,bundle .. .. 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
6 
l 
0 
Beans, Kidney,per lb. .. 
1 
3 
0 
0 
Mustard & Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beet,Red, dozen .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
New Potatoes, per lb. .. 
0 
2 
0 
8 
Broccoli, bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel .. .. 
s 
0 
4 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, J sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
o 
0 
3 
0 
Cabbage,dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Capsicums, per 100 .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Carrots, bunch .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
,, Kiduev, perowt. 
4 
0 
8 
9 
Cauliflower?, dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
o 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Salsify, bundle ., .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Shallots, per lb , .. .. 
0 
8 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen .. .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Herbs, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
0 
Leeks, bunch .. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
s. 
d. 
B 
d. 
S. 
d. 
e. 
a 
Anemones (French), doz. 
Lilium longiaorum, 12 
bunches. 
l 
6 
to 4 
0 
blooms. 
3 
0 to 5 
0- 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
l 
6 
3 
0 
Lilyof theValley, 12 sprays 
0 
6 
i 
9 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, doz. 
Bluebells, dozen bunches 
1 
0 
1 
6 
bunches. 
6 
o 
9 
9 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunohes 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Camellias, White, IS bl... 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 
3 
0 
6 
9 
,. Red, 12 blooms 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Myosotis or Forgetmenots 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
9 
Cineraria, per bunoh 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Narcisi (various) .. .. 
2 
0 
6 
9 
Cowslip 3 , dozen bunohes 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trasses 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen blooms 
0 
4 
0 
9 
„ scarlet, 12 bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Daffodils (various), doz. 
Polj’anthus, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
9 
bunches. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Primroses, doz. bunohes.. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Daffodils (double), doz. 
Roses, Red, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 
S 
9 
bunches . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ (indoor), dozen 
1 
0 
2 
9 
Eucharis, dozen .. 
2 
6 
5 
0 
„ Tea,dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
9 
Gardenias, 12 blooms 
1 
0 
4 
0 
„ yellow . 
3 
0 
6 
9 
Gladioli, per bunch.. .. 
1 
0 
i 
6 
Stephanotis, doz. sprays 
3 
0 
5 
9 
Hyacinths (French), per 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
i 
6 
bunch . 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Tulips, dozen blooms .. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Violets, 12 bunches.. .. 
0 
8 
i 
0 
Lilac, White (French), 
„ Parme (French), 
per bunch . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
per bunch 
8 
0 
4 
a 
Lilium candidum, doz. 
,, Dark (French) bch. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
blooms. 
1 
0 
1 
6. 
Wallflowers, doz. bnnohes 
2 
0 
4 
9 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
S. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
B. 
a. 
F. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Euonymu9, var.. dozen 
6 
0 to 18 
9 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Arbor vifcag(golden) dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Asters, 12 pots. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Ficus elastica, each 
i 
6 
7 
9 
Azalea, per dozen .. .. 
18 
0 
S3 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Begonias, various, per doz 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Genista, per dozen .. .. 
3 
0 
12 
9 
Bedding plants in variety, 
Hyacinths, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
9 
9 
per doz. from .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Lily of the Valley, 
Bedding plants, in boxes, 
doz. poti . 
12 
0 
18 
9 
each . 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
O 
Christmas Bose .. .. 
0 
0 
~ 0 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
9 
Cineraria, per dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Palms, in var., each 
2 
6 
21 
O 
Cyolamen, dozen pots .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, 12 
4 
0 
6 
9 
Dracama terminals, doz. 
30 
0 
60 
0 
Pelirgoniums, per dozen 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Dracaena viridis, doz. .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Primula, per doz. 
c 
0 
0 
9 
Erica Cavendishi, doz. .. 
18 
0 
30 
0 
Spirma, per dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
15 
9 
,, various, doz. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Tulips, doz. pots .. .. 
8 
9 
9 
0 
ALL-ROUND FARMING. 
To be a good “ all-round ” farmer is generally considered to be 
highly commendable. The expression is common enough, and 
may be said to imply sound practice based upon equally sound 
