418 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[ May 23, 1889. 
cuttings when the flowering had ceased I allowed the plants to re¬ 
main by way of experiment to see the result, and I am happy to 
say that many of them are starting into new growth, the young 
shoots being already 4 inches in length. Among the best of 
these are Horace Yernet, deep scarlet, with light throat; 
Earl of Beaconsfield, pink, with white throat ; John Fraser, 
scarlet ; Wm. Sadler, rosy purple ; and others. It must be re¬ 
membered, however, that the past winter has not been very re¬ 
markable for its severity ; indeed, dry hard frosts do not harm 
them nearly so much as late spring frosts, and our spring has been 
a favourable one also ; to these facts, therefore, and our light 
warm soil, may be traced their hardiness. On cold soils the case 
would be different, for I have lost all my old plants when similarly 
left in the beds before December has arrived, and once I lost 
upwards of 1000 plants ; they were considered hardy enough to 
endure the severest weather, but 22° of frost for three or four 
nights proved too much for them. 
Anyone desirous of cultivating these gay autumn flowers should 
plant at once, and by adding Wm. Ivilgour, The Lady, Bridesmaid, 
Andrew Hunter, Jewel, Perfection, The Bride, and Herbert Cut- 
bush to the above named a very pleasing assortment may be had at 
a trifling cost.—J. H. E. 
Events op the Week. —There are few events of any importance 
to take place during the ensuing week. On Friday, May 24th, there will 
be a lecture at the Royal Botanic Society, and that date will be the 
anniversary of the Linnean Society. On Saturday there will be a 
general meeting of the Royal Botanic Society. Sales will be held at 
Protheroe & Morris’ and Stevens’ rooms nearly every day. It may be 
well to add that to-day (Thursday) week, May 30th, commences the 
great Show of the Royal Horticultural Society in the Temple Gardens. 
- The Weather. —No more agreeable weather could be desired 
by gardeners in the south than that which has for some time prevailed 
and yet continues. Warm days, with intermittent showers, have made 
trees and crops grow apace, and fruit blossom is setting well, cater¬ 
pillars permitting. 
- The Horticultural Club. —The monthly dinner took place 
on Tuesday last at the rooms of the Club, Hotel Windsor, Victoria 
Street. There was a large attendance of members. The chair was 
taken by Mr. John'Lee (Chairman), who, after his long and severe 
illness, was enthusiastically received as he resumed his own position. 
Amongst those present were the Rev. F. H. Gall, Messrs. E. B. Landsell, 
Philip Crowley, H. J. Pearson, C. E. Pearson, A. H. Pearson, George 
Paul, T. F. Rivers, J. S. Dismoor, J. Lynch White, W. E. Baker, T. W. 
Girdlestone, A. H. Yeitch, John Laing, J, Laing, jun., James Walker, &c. 
The discussion was on the Tulip, other than florist varieties, and was 
opened by Mr. James Walker in an interesting paper, and was illus¬ 
trated by specimens of the early flowering and Parrot Tulips, from home¬ 
grown and imported bulbs, showing that the flowers from those grown 
in England were superior to the Dutch flowers, and pointing to the fact 
that it was possible to grow our own bulbs instead of importing them 
from Holland. An interesting discussion took place, which was joined 
in by the Chairman, Messrs. A. J. Pearson, Rivers, Laing, and other 
members. A cordial vote of thanks was given to Mr. Walker, whose 
paper appears on page 416. 
- We received the information too late for publication last week 
that Professor H. G. Reichenbach died at Hamburg on the 6th 
inst. This gentleman was widely celebrated for his extensive know¬ 
ledge and writings on Orchids, to the study of which he had devoted a 
great portion of his life. He was born at Leipsig on January 3rd, 1823, 
and he was appointed Director of the Hamburg Botanic Garden in 1863. 
Since that time he has written several works, the most recent with 
which he has been connected being the “ Reichenbachia,” published by 
Messrs. Sander & Co. of St. Albans. 
f 'f- We have been informed of the death of Miss Susannah Ingram, 
daughter of the late Mr. Thomas Ingram of the Royal Gardens, Windsor, 
which took place at Ascot on the 19th inst. 
_ Myosotidium nobile. —In Sir Edmund Loder’s gardens at 
Floore, Weedon, Northamptonshire, there are now flowering, and will 
be during the next fortnight, about two dozen plants of this beautiful 
Boragewort raised from seed saved here in 1887. Anyone feeling in¬ 
terested enough in them to visit Floore during the time would have the 
pleasure of seeing them in their full beauty.—G. Goldsmith. 
__ With Mr. Abbey’s communication on Renovating Old 
Fruit Trees in a recent Journal, page 370,1 fully agree. Trees that 
have recently come under my charge have been treated in the wrong 
way he describes — the annual growth cut back to about 6 inches. 
The consequence is they have abundance of strong roots and cover 
their allotted space, but are fruitless. Had they been treated in a 
more rational manner, as he shows, the walls would be covered with 
good bearing trees. Time will not permit me to go into details. If 
acceptable I will give the results of my practice on wall trees and 
those growing in the open later.— T. H. Slade. [We shall be glad to 
have the particulars promised.,] 
- The present state and the history of the FLORA OF the 
province of St. Petersburg were lately the subjects of a very 
interesting communication by Dr. R. Regel at a meeting of the St. 
Petersburg Society of Naturalists ( :t Me moires,” vol. xix). The in¬ 
fluence of man in the introduction of new species is most marked in 
so populous a province. Several species have been unconsciously 
imported by man from South-Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean coast, 
and Asia ; and many garden plants, such as Beilis perennis, Impatiens 
parviflora, and Aster pnecox, have become regular members of the 
wild-growing flora. Some of them have spread with astonishing 
rapidity. The recently imported Erigeron canadense has now penetrated 
as far as the Altai Mountains ; the Matricaria discoidea, imported from 
America thirty years ago, is found all over the region ; while the 
Sambucus racemosa grows even in the wildest marshes of Schlusselburg. 
Plants imported by man are dispersed by birds, water, and wind over a 
wide space, and a great many species, such as Elodea canadensis, 
Corydalis bracteata, Scilla cernua, &c., have spread during the last ten 
years. Dr. Regel insists upon the necessity of such species being 
carefully mentioned, because a few years after their introduction 
the botanist may not be able to explain how they appeared in the 
region, and may suppose that they have been merely overlooked. 
- Another interesting feature of the St. Petersburg flora 
which has been pointed out by Dr. Regel, is the frequency of white 
colour in'the case of such flowers as are coloured pink or blue in 
Central Europe. The prevalence of white in the north is thus con¬ 
firmed. The Polygaia vulgaris, Lychnis viscaria, L. Flos-cuculi, 
Centaurea phrygia, Jasione montana, Campanula glomerata, C. Irache- 
lium, C. latifolia, C. rotundifolia, C. patula, Calluna vulgaris, Arcto- 
staphylos Uva-ursi, Thymus serpyllum, Prunella vulgaris, Gymnadenia 
conopsca, Orchis maculata, O. Traunsteineri, and others were found 
with white flowers. In accordance with Dr. Masters’ views, Dr. 
Regel sees in this fact a pathological phenomenon due to unfavourable 
climatic conditions. The colouring pigment does not disappear, but 
more intercellular spaces appear, and being filled with air, they permit 
the full reflection of light. In fact, several white flowers of Campanula 
patula became blue when dried, the pressure exerted upon them 
evidently having compressed and reduced the intercellular spaces.— 
(Nature.') 
-Royal’ Meteorological Society.— At the last monthly 
meeting of this Society, Dr. W. Marcet, F.R.S., President, in the chair, 
the following papers were read :—1, “ Account of some Experiments 
Made to Investigate the Connection between the Pressure and Velocity 
of the Wind,” by Mr. W. H. Dines, B.A., F.R.Met.Soc. These experi¬ 
ments were made for the purpose of determining the relation between 
the velocity of the wind and the pressure it exerts upon obstacles of 
various kinds exposed to it. The pressure plates were placed at the end 
of the long arm of a whirling machine which was rotated by steam 
power. The'author gives the results of experiments with about twenty- 
five different kinds of pressure plates. The pressure upon a plane area 
of fairly compact form is about l,j lb. per square foot at a velocity of 
twenty-one miles per hour, or, in other words, a pressure of 1 lb. per 
square foot is caused by a wind of a little more than seventeen miles per 
hour. The pressure upon the same area is increased by increasing the 
perimeter. The pressure upon a \ foot plate is proportionally less than 
that upon a plate either half or double its size. The pressure upon any 
surface is but slightly altered by a cone or rim projecting at the back, a 
cone seeming to cause a slight increase, but a rim having apparently no 
