May 30, 1889 J 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
449 
watering as required, and syringing frequently. In September they 
may be placed in 8-inch pots, and in the following year they will flower 
if pruned in January and then introduced into the greenhouse. 
Strawberry Xeaves Mildewed (71 P.).- —The cause of the 
mildew is not, we think, damp arising from the Mushroom bed manure 
on the shelf ; it usually results from a dry and cold state of the atmo¬ 
sphere, which is not favourable to free growth. The best remedy is to 
6yringe the plants well, but not so forcibly as to damage the foliage and 
fruit, in the morning and early afternoon up to the fruit changing 
colour for ripening, when the syringing must of course be discontinued. 
In bad cases flowers of sulphur should be dusted well on the under side 
of the leaves and the fruit infested, indeed the whole plant, and after 
remaining forty-eight hours it may be washed off by syringing, the fruit 
being thoroughly cleansed before ripening. It is, perhaps, better to use 
the following application—viz., boil 1 lb. of flowers of sulphur and 1 lb. 
of quicklime in 2J quarts of water in an earthen pot for ten minutes, 
constantly stirring all the time of boiling ; allow to settle, and pour off 
the clear liquid for use, placing it in bottles. Syringe the plants with a 
dilution of the above preparation at the rate of a quarter cf a pint to 
8 gallons of water. It is equally efficacious against all white mildews 
caused by o'idium, the parasites being external and easily eradicated 
without injury to the subject attacked if applied in time. The Straw¬ 
berry mildew will not spread to the Peach trees, but the trees may be 
attacked all the same by the form peculiar to them, and the remedy is 
the same—viz., sulphur. 
Destroying Ants ( Constant Reader). —Several remedies were 
given in the Journal two years ago, amongst them the following, any 
or all of which you may try. Mr. A. Douglas wrote :—“ I can vouch 
for the efficacy of the following in the destruction of ants. Take a 
small quantity of cyanide of potassium, dissolve in a little water, in this 
solution saturate small flocks of cotton wool, then place them on the 
ant runs and round the nest. A few minutes’ observation will convince 
anyone that this will only require to be repeated a few times to have 
the desired effect. Some time ago we were overrun with ants, now 
we have only the nucleus of one small colony. The cyanide being a 
strong poison should be handled carefully.” Mr. C. Collins stated that 
he placed hollow bones about their haunts, and finally procured cow’s 
liver from the butcher, cut it into pieces, and laid them about the 
houses. The raw liver appeared to entice them, for they swarmed on to 
it, and by going round every hour or so with a can of hot water, and 
dipping tbe liver into the water when covered with ants, he succeeded 
in exterminating them. “Delta” had a very fine Marechal Niel Rose 
in a Fig house, and during the spring and summer a strong colony of 
ants made their abode at the roots. He tried every means he could 
think of to get rid of them, but failed, and at last he steeped some 
cotton wool in coarse petroleum, and laid it round the base of the plant 
over their abode. In two days they had all decamped, he knew not 
whither. Another correspondent had an attack of ants to deal with 
where he could not with safety apply boiling water. He discovered 
them eating the pistils of early Peaches, apparently not touching the 
stamens —in fact, they went right down into the flowers after the 
embryo fruit as well. He laid some pieces of loaf sugar about, and 
lodged some up in the tree, and in a few hours he had the pleasure of 
seeing them leave the Peaches for the sugar. They were, cf course, at 
once destroyed. He then placed a small quantity of moist sugar in a 
saucer at the foot of the tree, and every evening for a fortnight he went 
once and sometimes twice, and emptied them, sugar and all, into some 
hot water, baiting the saucer each time with fresh sugar. Result : he 
saved the Peaches and exterminated the ants. 
The Winter Moth (Zk S. E .).— You ask why the moth that causes 
the caterpillars in spring is called the “ Winter Moth,” and how it is 
reared. In answer we cite from Miss Ormerod’s work. The moths 
(known as “ Winter Moths,” from the season of their appearance), come 
out about the end of October. During November and December the 
females, which have only abortive wings, creep up the trees and lay 
their eggs on the leaf or flower buds, on the twigs, or in crevices of the 
bark. The eggs are greenish at first, and gradually change to brown or 
red. They are very minute, and very numerous (a single moth laying 
as many as two hundred), and they hatch about the beginning of April. 
The newly hatched caterpillars are only about as thick as a horse-hair, 
greyish in colour, and may be seen swinging in the air at the end of 
their threads : when full grown they are half an inch long, of a yel¬ 
lowish green, with pale green head, black or blue line down the middle 
of the back, and whitish lines on each side. When walking they form 
a kind of upright loop, whence the name of “ Looper caterpillars.” 
They f ed first on the young unopened buds, and, as the leaves expand, 
they draw two or three together with their webs, and shelter themselves 
within when not feeding. When full-fed, towards the end of May (by 
which time they have often caused great damage), they let themselves 
down by a thread to the ground. The caterpillars bury themselves 
about 2 or 3 inches deep in the ground under their food trees, where 
they turn to chrysalids about the end of May, from which the moths do 
not come up till October ; so that, meanwhile, forking the surface and 
a good dressing of quicklime would help to get rid of the pests ; also, 
where it is possible to flood, or thoroughly to soak, the infested ground 
for a few days, it has been found a good measure of prevention. It is 
desirable to remove and destroy all boughs and twigs that may be pruned 
late in the winter, so that there may be no chance of caterpillars 
hatched from eggs on the shoots or buds getting up the trees. With 
regard to this pest on the large scale in which it occurs in orchard- 
ground, it is probable that if at the end of October a dressing was given 
round each tree stem of gas lime that had been exposed. to atmospheric 
action for a month or two, so that it would not be injurious to the - 
trunk if some lay against it, that little further trouble would be needed, 
and the trees would be much benefited by the application. 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants* 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry cotton 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
( Pancratium ).—We cannot name the variety from the sketch sent. 
(//. S .).—Ligustrum japonicum. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— May 29tii. 
A brisk trade doing since lest week, with prices generally higher. Some good 
sample* of Grapes now to hand selling frtely, as also Peaches. 
VEGETABLES. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
§. a. 
Artiohokes, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
to 8 
0 
Lettuce,dozen .. 
• • 
0 
9 to 1 
5 
Asparagus,bundle .. .. 
3 
0 
5 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
• • 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Mustard & Cress, punnet 
0 
3 
0 
(V 
Beet,Red, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
New Potatoes, per lb. 
. . 
0 
2 
0 
8 
Broccoli, bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel 
, , 
3 
0 
4 
o 
Brussels Sprouts, £ sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
A 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. 
M 
i 
0 
0 
0 
Capsicums, per 100 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt... 
.. 
4 
0 
6 
a 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
„ Kidnev, per cwt. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
Cauliflowers, d ozen 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle •• 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
1 
e 
8 
0 
Salsify, bundle 
• • 
1 
0 
1 
a 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
a 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle 
• • 
1 
< 
0 
9 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Shallots, per lb. .. 
• • 
0 
R 
0 
6 
Endive, dozen.. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel 
• • 
3 
0 
4 
O 
Herns, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
T omatocs, per Ih. .. 
• • 
1 
0 
1 
» 
Leeks, bunch. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. 
• • 
0 
4 
0 
0 
FRUIT. 
S. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Apples, { sieve. 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. 
M 
4 
0 
to 9 
0 
„ Nova Seotla and 
Peaches, dozen .. .. 
12 
0 
18 
O 
Canada, per barrel 
7 
0 
16 
0 
Pears, dozen .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cherries, £ sieve ,. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Plums, l-aieve .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
9 
Grapes, per fb. 
1 
8 
5 
0 
8t. Michael Pine , each 
2 
0 
6 
8 
Lemons, case .. .. .. 
10 
0 
16 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 
-• 
3 
0 
5 
9 
CUT FLOWERS. 
s. 
d. 
a 
d. 
B. 
d. 
0. 
a 
Anemones (French), doz. 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 
l 
0 
to 2 
bunches”. 
i 
6 to 4 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, doz. 
Aram Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
i 
8 
3 
0 
bunches. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
9 
0 
0 
Blceiells, dozen bunches 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 
8 
0 
6 
a 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Myosotis or Forgetmenots 
Camellias, White, libl... 
2 
0 
4 
0 
doz. bunches 
1 
8 
4 
a 
,, Red, 12 blooms 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Narcisi (various) .. .. 
2 
0 
6 
O' 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
0 
9 
1 
a 
Cineraria, per bunoh 
0 
8 
1 
0 
i, scarlet, 12 bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 
3 
6 
6 
0 
Polyanthus, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
» 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
4 
0 
Primroses, doz. bunches.. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Glidioli, per bunch.. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Roses, Red, 12 blooma .. 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Iiis, dozen bunches 
6 
0 
12 
0 
„ (indoor), dozen .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lilac, White (French), 
„ Tea, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
per bunch . 
3 
0 
6 
0 
„ yellow . 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Lilac (Engl.) 12 bunches 
4 
0 
e 
0 
Splnex, dozen b inches .. 
4 
0 
8 
a 
Lilium candidum, doz. 
Sbephanotie, doz. sprays 
2 
0 
8 
0 
blooms. 
0 
9 
l 
6 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Lilium longiflorum, 12 
Tulips, dozen bunches .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
blooms. 
a 
0 
5 
0 
VioletB, 12 bunches.. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
LilyoftheValley.12 sprays 
0 
S 
1 
0 
Violets, Parme (French), 
„ „ 12 bunch’s 
3 
0 
9 
0 
per bunch 
8 
0 
4 
0 
„ „bnncb French 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Wallflowers, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
» 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
B. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
0. 
dv 
Aralla Sleboldi, dozen .. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
4 
0 to 18 
0* 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus elastic*, each 
i 
< 
7 
O’ 
Arbor yitseigoldenl dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Polings plants, var., each 
3 
0 
10 
0 
Asters, 12 pots. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
GeDista, per dozen .. .. 
a 
0 
12 
0 
Azalea, per dozen .. 
12 
0 
SO 
0 
Hydrangea, per cozen .. 
9 
0 
18 
Ot 
Begonias, various, per doz 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Lily of the Volley, 
Bedding plants in variety, 
doz. pot* . 
12 
0 
18 
0. 
per doz. from .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Lobelias, per dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Bedding plants, in boxes, 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
19 
0> 
each . 
1 
6 
2 
6 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
10 
0 
Caladiums, per doz. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Musk, per do-en .. .. 
3 
0 
6 
0* 
Christmas Bose .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Myrtles, dozen . 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Cineraria , per dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Nasturtiums, per dozen. . 
2 
6 
4 
0- 
Dracamaterminalis, doz. 
30 
0 
60 
0 
Palme, In var., eaoh 
2 
6 
21 
0> 
Dracteoa viridit. doz. .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Pelargonium*, scarlet, 12 
2 
6 
6 
8 
Erica Cavendisbi, doz. .. 
18 
0 
so 
0 
Pelargonium?, per dozen 
9 
0 
18 
0 
„ various, doz . 
12 
0 
24 
0 
SpiraM, p*r dozen .. .. 
8 
0 
It 
0 
Eaonymua, var,. dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
„ palmata. per doz. 
12 
0 
31 
01 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Stocks, per dozen .. .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
'Jim 
CALF REARING. 
Tins is a very simple detail of practice in farming, but there is; 
a right and wrong way of management, and we know that many 
