January 9, 1E90. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
85 
Scale cn Palm Zieaves (.7. T.'). —The leaves are infested with a 
kind of scale, and your best plan would be to sponge the leaves with 
softsoap and warm water, or a small brush may be necessary to remove 
them. Those sent are in such a bad state that you are not likely to 
succeed in restoring them to health ; remove the worst, and cleanse the 
others thoroughly. 
Raising- Xiettuce Plants (77. T. H.'). —Are you certain the fault of 
the failure is not in the seed ? Old seed is very uncertain in germina¬ 
tion, and the plants that do appear from it are often so weak as to make 
poor (if any) progress. The soil in which the seeds germinate and the 
plants grow well outdoors ought to answer equally w'ell for raising 
plants under glass. However, if the soil you use is not suitable mix 
equal parts of loam and leaf mould ; then if a similar failure occurs you 
may be certain the cause is either in the seed or management, not in the 
soil. 
Glass for Plant Houses (Jl C.}. —The sample of glass sent is 
quite unsuitable for plant houses. It is far too thick, and would 
exclude much of the light so requisite for plants in this country. 
Such glass is not used in the establishment you name for the roofs 
of plant houses, and the green-tinted glass is also being discarded 
even for the Fern houses. To expect plants to succeed in a constant 
state of semi-obscurity is unreasonable ; they will grow for a time, but 
become attenuated and weakly. Light is essential to the solidification 
of the growth made, and what shade is needed from strong sunlight can 
be readily afforded by means of roller blinds. 
TTames of Plants QAdolesoens ')-—You are quite right. There 
is much confusion in the methods of rendering plant names in 
catalogues, and if you peruse them all it is not surprising your 
“ head’s in a perfect whirl.” The general rule with regard to 
terminations is that the generic names ending in “us,” “a” or “ um ” 
require similar terminations to the adjectives employed as specific 
names, but there are exceptions to this too numerous to mention 
here, and the first point to be determined is the gender of the sub¬ 
stantive, which in names of plants is the title of the genus, then the 
adjective should agree with that. Sometimes, however, old generic 
names are employed as specific names in new genera, then the old name 
retains its original form, and does not necessarily agree with the genus 
in its determinations. Latin adjectives ending in “ is ” have only two 
terminations—namely, “ is ” for masculine and feminine and “ e ” for 
neuter. Some generic names ending in “ us” are however regarded as 
feminine, as Quercus for instance, and their specific names are written 
accordingly—viz., Q. coccinea, Q. rubra, &c. The subject will probably be 
explained more fully in an article upon plant nomenclature promised 
for an early number of this Journal. 
Solanums (,7. li. S.'). —If you have only a window for the plants 
you had better not cut them back till early in April, then by the time 
fresh growths push the weather may be warm enough for their being 
placed in a very sheltered position outdoors, protecting them from 
frosts which may occur in May, and cutting winds. More than half 
the old soil should be removed from the roots after fresh growth starts, 
repotting firmly in good turfy loam, a sixth part of crumbled manure, 
and a tenth of wood ashes. The pots may be plunged just over their 
rims in a sunny border for the summer, standing them on smaller pots 
in the ground to prevent worms passing to the roots. They must be 
watered as needed, which will not be half so frequently as if the pots 
were exposed. Clear soot water is good for Solanums when the pots 
are filled with roots. Some persons plant them out towards the end of 
May, lifting carefully, and potting firmly in September, watering well, 
sprinkling the foliage, and letting the plants stand in the shade ^or a 
time for keeping the leaves fresh and inciting quick root action. ' We 
have seen fine plants grown in that way, but all persons do not succeed 
alike. You might try both methods, and so gain experience that might 
be useful to you in after years. 
Plantlngr Anemones and Ranunculi (J7. 7?.).—Choose the first 
fine day when the soil works cleanly for planting your Anemones. 
They are best planted in the au' umn, but will do now. Draw drills 
across the bed 2 inches deep s-ad 5 or 0 inches apart, and plant the 
tubers 5 inches apart in the rows. For choice varieties a thin layer of 
sand scattered under and around each tuber will be useful. As 
soon as the bed is planted cover the tubers with sandy loam from 
a basket or wheelbarrow. Take care that the tubers are placed the 
right side up, by observing the side that has the old small fibres on 
it. That side place next to the bottom of the drill. When all are 
planted and covered up the right depth (2 inches) then level the surface 
with a garden rake. The soil and preparation of the bed ycu describe 
will suit them very well. Ilanunculi will all probably succeed if you 
mulch the bed in the spring to keep it moist, but they prefer stronger 
soil. The season for planting is in the early spring, as soon as the most 
severe frosts have passed and the ground has become tolerably dry. 
Some time about the end of February or the first week in March, rake 
the surface of the bed in the morning of the day previous to that fixed 
upon for planting. Some reccommend steeping the roots for twelve 
hours in water before planting, but we think this not necessary, except 
the planting season has been from some cause or other put ofi till the 
middle of April ; then it may be useful. Supposing, then, that the 
weather is propitious, and all things prepared, commence by drawing 
with a hoe a drill across the end of the bed, inch deep ; if deeper 
the root will be weakened the succeeding year, by forming a kind of 
stem nearer the surface ; and if shallower, the plants are more liable to 
be struck with drought. Plant the tubers, if large, 4 inches apart in 
the row.; if small, 3J- inches will be a sufficient distance, and cover 
them with fine sand. This will cause the tubers, when they are taken 
up in July, to come out of the ground quite clean for keeping. 
Peach Buds Falling- (77. J. 7’.).—We are glad you have sent 
specimens of the shoots. You say “according to your idea the wood is 
everything that could be desired.” We may say that the examples 
before us are very far from being so good as they should be. We con¬ 
sider them inferior—ill-fed .and immature. This may be the result of 
overcropping, and possibly overcrowding. Be that as it may, trees if not 
furnished with better and stouter wood, with less pith, are not in a con¬ 
dition to be forced, though it is possible that if not forced, or only very 
gently excited so that the root action and sap movement are synchronous, 
the buds might be retained, and fair crops of fruit follow. We should 
take a good deal of the old soil from the roots and add fresh calcareous 
loam, making it firm, but not positively hard, mulch, cut out such weak, 
ill-fortified shoots as you have sent, and encourage the production of 
stouter growths, which should be thinly disposed throughout the season 
for insuring early and complete maturation. We should commence the 
border renovation and pruning at once. No doubt the trees by their pre¬ 
viously heavy bearing have earned a season’s rest. 
XiTames of Fruits. —The names and addresses of senders of fruit 
to be named must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether 
letters referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are 
not necessarily required for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only 
six specimens can be named at once, and any beyond that number cannot 
be preserved, (7J. N. It., YoughaV ).—The Pear is Winter Nelis. 
(P. 77. ir.).—Green Nonpareil, (j. M., Isle of Mavt). —The Apples are 
unknown to us. There is little doubt they are local and inferior to the 
best varieties in general cultivation. 
COVENT GAEDEN MAEKET.— Jantjaby 8th. 
Eusixe-s his fettled down ts a qaiet state again, and our Market being well 
supplied, ptioos are vary easy. Gaol samples of Grapej are now ooming eharier, but 
ordinary qualities are low priced. 
FRHIT. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
a. 
s. 
d. 
Apples, i sievo.. .. .. 
2 
0 to 6 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
4 
0 
to 9 
0 
,, Hova Scotia and 
Peaches, dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Canada, per barrel 12 
0 
20 
0 
Plnms, ^-sieve. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Oberr’es, ^ aieye .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Red Currants, per ^-sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grepes, per . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
B'aok „ „ 
0 
0 
0 
0 
caae .. •• •• 
10 
0 
16 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each 
2 
0 
6 
0 
VEGETABLES, 
S, 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
a. 
Artlohokoe, dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
to 5 
0 
Leeks.bunch .« •• •* 
0 
2 
to 0 
0 
Asparagus,bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lettuce, dozen .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
3 
Bsans, Kidney ,porIb. •• 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet •• 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen ,• •• 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Mustard & Cross, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Brooooli, bundle .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Onions, busbel .. .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Brusaels Sproutq J sieve 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
s 
0 
8 
0 
Cabbage,dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. •• 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Capeioums, per 100 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. •• •« 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Carrots, bunoh 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Rhubarb, bund!? .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsify, bundle •• 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Oeierv, bundle ,, 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Scorzonera, bundle •« 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Ooleworts, doz. buncliea 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Shallots, per lb .. .. 
0 
8 
0 
0 
O-aoutabere, each .. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Spinach, bushel .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Batiive, dozen.. *, ,, 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Keros, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Turnips, bunch •• *. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERSi 
6. 
d. 
P. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
S. 
a. 
Arum Lilies,12 blooma .. 
4 
0 to 9 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, doz. 
Aetera. per baacb, Frencli 
0 
0 
0 
0 
bnnehes. 
4 
0 to 9 
0 
Azalea, dozen sorays 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Mignonette. 12 bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. . • 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„ Fr., large bnch 
1 
6 
2 
0 
0 imelliap, dozen blooms 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Narcissus (Paper-white), 
Oarnatioas, blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
dozen sprays 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Christmas Itoses, 13 blms. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„ French,12 buohs 
4 
0 
8 
0 
ObryoGuthemums, dozen 
Pelargoniums. 12 trasses 
1 
0 
1 
% 
blooms. 
0 
6 
3 
0 
1 , scarlet, 12 bunches 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Ohrysanthemum^, dozen 
Primula (double) 12 sprays 
1 
0 
1 
& 
bunches. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
,1 (single) 12 sprays 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Epiubyllamp, doz. blooms 
0 
6 
0 
9 
Roses (indoor), dozen .. 
1 
6 
s 
0 
Encliaris, dozen .* •• 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ Bed. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Gardenias. 12 blooms •• 
4 
0 
8 
0 
„ „ 12 blooms 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Gladiolus (various) dozen 
,1 Tea, white, dozen.. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
sprays . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ Yellow .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Hyacinths ( Roman) dozen 
„ French,per bench.. 
2 
0 
4 
e 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Spirma, dozen b'unohes . • 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Stephanotis, doz. epraya 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lllinm, va-ious. 12 blms 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Sweet Peas, doz. bunohes 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Lilium loagiflorum, 12 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
blooms. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Violets, dozen bunches .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lily of the Valley..dozen 
„ French, per bunch 
2 
0 
3 
0 
sprays . 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Parme, per bunch 
4 
0 
6 
6 
Margnerltee, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
White Lilac, Fr., per bnch 
6 
0 
8 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
s. 
d. 
0. 
d. 
s. d. 
0. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
6 
0tol2 
0 
Ficus elasUca, each 
1 
6 to 7 
0 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Foliag) plants, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Arbor vItee(goldcn'» dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Hyacinths, 12 pots .. .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Azalea various, ptr doz. 
SO 
0 
42 
0 
,, (Roman) l2pots 
9 
0 
15 
O' 
Begonias, virious, per doz 
4 
0 
12 
0 
Lily of the Valley, 12 pots 24 
0 
42 
0 
Balsams, per dozen.. «• 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Galadiuma, per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen • • 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Christmas Bose .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Musk, per do^en .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Chrysaathemums, dozen 
6 
0 
16 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Dracaenaterminalia, doz. 
24 
0 
42 
0 
Palms, in var., each . • 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Brarseoa viridis, doz. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Primula (single) per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Epiphylluui, per doz. .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Bhodanihe, per dozen .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Erica, various, dozen 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Saxafraga pyramidalis, 
Buonymus, var., dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
per dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Bvergreens, in var.. dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Solanums, per dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Tulips, 12 pots. 
8 
0 
10 
0 
