January Ifi, l 90. J 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
51 
we have in Miss Haggas and Violet Tomlin. No person need be hard up 
for a box of twenty-four distinct varieties without falling back on small 
sorts. I do sincerely hope that all societies, no matter how large or 
small, will in future offer prizes only for distinct varieties. To ask for 
duplicates is a weakening feature in any stand or e.xhibition. Every 
interested person wishes to see a complete collection distinct. When 
duplicates are allowed very much of the interest and purposes of the 
exhibition is shorn. We have plenty of varieties and plenty of good 
exhibitors that are ready to exhibit if framers of schedules will only ask 
for six, twelve, eighteen, twenty-four, or forty-eight distinct varieties, 
as the case may be.—J. W. M. 
CHRYS.iNTHEMUM E.XHIBITIONS—A PLE a. FOB SMALL GROWERS. 
Now chat thoughts are directed to the next year’s shows, I have 
thought it to be well to advance the claims of the small grower, whose 
chances are becoming in some districts, from the increasing compe¬ 
tition, almost obscure. The ambition of the small grower is, in many 
instances, quite as keen as that of the large cultivator, and certainly 
deserves notice. I am aware that at most Chrysanthemum ^hows there 
are small classes provided, and there are others where there is no such 
provision, and where it is so the smaller grower is not absolutely catered 
for. In this I am speaking from actual experience, for I had myself 
in small classes to meet men provided with much greater conveniences 
than I have. I do not wish in the least to complain, as the competition 
was fully in accordance with the stipulations of the schedules, but I 
am sure if a class could be set apart for those who kept one, or at most 
two gardeners, it would become as popular as those of larger numbers, 
and tend to increase patronage and enthusiasm. Fancy prizes, though 
appreciated by those fortunate enough to secure them, are, however, not 
required in meeting the claims here set forth, and societies not having 
framed their schedules for the next Chrysanthemum contests would 
confer a favour by such a provision on a section now in a minority. In 
giving expression to these views I am not prompted by selfish motives, 
but the fact of so many large establishments taking foremost places, the 
lesser growers’ chances are thereby becoming extinct. — Small 
Grower. 
Chrysanthemum Princess Blanche. 
A SLIP of the pen on page 31 needs correction. The late variety 
which Mr. Stevens has found so useful from before Christmas to the 
present time is not named “ Lady ” but Princess Blanche. It was cer¬ 
tificated two or three years ago at the January Show of the National 
Chrysanthemum Society, but in 1888 Mr. Stevens’ plants were spoiled 
by the October frost, so nothing was heard of the Princess at Putney 
that year. He intends growing nine hundred plants of the variety this 
year. The plants now just over were never topped, but allowed to break 
twice naturally, then the terminal buds formed, and one bloom was 
retained on each shoot. The plants resemble small free half-standards 
from 2 feet to 2.j feet high. 
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
January 11th. 
The first meeting of the Committees for the year 1890 was held in 
the Drill Hall, James Street, Victoria Street, on Tuesday last, the time 
for the commencement of business being fixed for 12 noon. Prior to 
that the President (Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., M.P.) addressed the 
Committees in a short speech, thanking them for the services they 
rendered, which he stated were highly appreciated both by the Council 
and the Fellows generally. He was sure that they included in their 
several Committees the best authorities on the respective subjects that 
could be obtained, and the utmost confidence was felt in their decisions. 
The number of exhibits was not large, but the Orchids formed a 
special and important feature, particularly the hybrid Dendrobiums 
from Burford Lodge, which were much admired. The hybrid Nepenthes 
from Chelsea and the Ferns from Edmonton also constituted interesting 
additions to the display. In the afternoon the Rev. W. Wilks read a 
practical and suggestive paper on “ Winter Gardening,” a number of 
Fellows assembling to hear his discourse. 
Fruit Committee. —At this early season of the year only a limited 
number of exhibits are expected. The most interesting, perhaps, and 
certainly the most unusual, was a Papaw Tree from Chatsworth bearing 
green and ripe fruit. There was a good attendance of members, in¬ 
cluding John Lee, Esq., in the chair, with Dr. Hogg, and Messrs. 
P. Crowley, P. Barr, J. Cheal, W. Denning, G. Norman, A. H. Pearson, 
G. W. Cummins, G. Cliffe, C. Ross, A. Watkins, W. Warren, G. Bunyard, 
H. Balderson, F. Q. Lane, W. Wildsmith, J. T. Saltmarsh, R. D. Black- 
more, W. Coleman, James Hudson, J. Wright, and James Smith. 
Mr. H. Morris, Glanafw Gardens, Taibach, South Wales, sent a very 
good Pine Apple, for which a vote of thanks was accorded. Mr. G. W. 
Cummins again sent a dish of the Apple named Remborough, in the 
garden of A. H. Smee, Esq. It resembles an enlarged form of the 
Golden Winter Pearmain, commonly called King of the Pippins, and 
though considered useful, no award was granted. Mr. Myles, Appley 
Towers, Ryde, sent a bunch of the Appley Towers Black Grape that was 
certificated in the autumn, also another seedling with large berries 
resembling the Morocco, a Grape of promise, which the Committee 
desired to see in March. Parents, Gros Colman and Alicante. Of the 
same parentage was a round white Grape resembling in appearance 
Mrs. Pearson, and of agreeable fiavour. It was passed witli the e.x- 
pression of a hope that it would be sent again next year. Mr. Miller, 
gardener to Lord Foley, sent from Ruxley Lodge, Esher, large boxes of 
Mushrooms from indoor and outdoor beds, and a vote of thanks was 
unanimously awarded ; a cultural commendation having been awarded 
to Mr. Miller at a previous meeting for similar examples. He seems to 
be an expert in Mushroom culture. Mr. A. Dean sent specimens of 
Spanish Onions, both home-grown and imported, the latter 18 inches irk 
circumference, the former smaller, but not regarded as less useful. A 
vote of thanks was recorded. 
Mr. 0. Thomas sent from Chatsworth a fruiting plant of the Papaw 
in fruit. The plant was in a pot. The character of the plant somewhat 
resembles that of a broad leaved Aralia. The stem was thick, and 
leafiess to the height of about 3 feet, then came the fruits, which inr 
shape and size were not unlike that of the Tree Tomato figured on 
page 15. They clustered closely round the stem to the length of a foot,, 
some yellow, but most green, and had an ornamental appearance. The. 
large leaves appeared above the fruit, but were withering. Tha 
plant was raised from seed last year. Whether the stem was cut 
and inserted in the pot for convenience of transit we did not 
ascertain. Dr. Hogg, in his “ Vegetable Kingdom,” says : — “ The 
Papaw Tree (Carica papaya) is cultivated for the sake of its fruit, 
which is eaten when cooked, and has a pleasant sweetish taste. 
When young, it is generally used for sauce ; and when boiled and 
mixed with lime juice, it is used as a substitute for Apples, 
to which in flavour it has a resemblance. The juice of the unripe fruit 
is a powerful and efficient vermifuge, and the powder of the seeds 
answers the same purpose. The principal constituent of the juice is 
fibrine, a principle hitherto supposed to belong to the animal kingdom 
and to the fungi. Water impregnated with this juice renders all sorts 
of meat steeped in it tender, and even the flesh of old hogs and old 
poultry fed on the leaves and fruit is thus made perfectly tender, but 
must be eaten as soon as killed, otherwise it will run to putridity, Even 
the vapour of the tree answers the same purpose, and hence people hang 
joints of meat, fowls, &c., in the upper part of the tree to prepare thenv 
for table.” Doubts fvere, however, expressed as to whether the specimen, 
exhibited was the true Papaw, or another species of the genus 
Carica. The Chatsworth tree was scarcely large enough for “ hang¬ 
ing joints and fowls in,” but all the same, the Committee were glad to. 
see it, and a cordial vote of thanks to Mr. Thomas was recorded, and a 
cultural commendation recommended. 
Several heads of Broccoli were brought from the trial collection of 
Chiswick, and three marks of merit were given to Early Penzance ; the 
plants raised from seed supplied by Messrs. R. Veitch & Sons and Rutley. 
and Silverlock. The heads were closer than those of Snow’s Winter 
White, which was, however, represented in by no means its best con¬ 
dition. 
Floral Committee. —Present: Dr. M. T. Masters in the chair, and 
Messrs. R. Dean, T. Baines, F. R. Ross, H. Herbst, W. Holmes, J. Walker, 
G. Nicholson, H. B. May, Henry Cannell, P. Blair, B. Wynne, Henry 
Turner, Charles Noble, George Paul, J. Fraser, R. B. Lowe, and W. C. 
Leach. 
Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, contributed a collection of pitchers 
of hybrid Nepenthes, representing over forty distinct forms (silver 
medal). Messrs. Barr & Son, Covent Garden, exhibited flowering plants 
of Anemone fulgens. Crocus Imperati, Galanthus Elwesi, Narcissus 
minimus. Crocus Sieberi, and Crocus chrysanthus in pots and pans. 
Messrs. G. Paul & Son, Cheshunt, showed plants of Spirtea astil- 
boides with feathery spikes of white flowers, and the black-spathed 
Arum sanctum. Mr. H. B. May, Edmonton, had an interesting group 
of Ferns, for which a bronze medal was awarded. Messrs. H. Cannell 
and Sons, Swanley, showed a series of choice Primulas, and several were' 
adjudged awards of merit, and a vote of thanks recognised the whole 
collection. Messrs. Walshaw & Son of Scarborough exhibited spathes 
and leaves of Richardia mthiopica (vote of thanks). Mr. 0. Thomas, 
Chatsworth Gardens, sent several strong plants of Amaryllis (vote of 
thanks). 
Orchid Committee.— Present: Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart, M.P., in 
the chair ; Baron Schroder, and Messrs. De B. Crawshay, F. G. Tautz, 
T. B. Haywood, F. A. Philbrick, H. Ballantine, H. M. Pollett, J. 
Dominy, C. Pilcher, Harry J. Veitch, Lewis Castle, F. Moore, James 
O’Brien, E. Hill and A. H. Smee. A well attended meeting was held, and 
the exhibits were exceptionally good for this time of year. Sir Trevor 
Lawrence, Bart, M.P., exhibited a group of choice Orchids, several of 
which were certificated. Others were Laslia Patini, regarded as the 
same as Cattleya Skinneri (vote of thanks) ; Dendrobium nobile Cook- 
soni, bearing eight fine flowers, very distinct and beautiful (certificated 
February llth, 1888) ; D. nobile Tollianum in which the lip is turned 
the reverse way—namely, upwards; and Lmlia pumila var. El Spirita 
Sancto. 
E. Ellis,Esq,,Manor House, Wallington (gardener, Mr. A. Glover),sent 
a plant of Lycaste plana with over a dozen very dark flowers (cultural 
commendation). N. N. Sherwood, Esq., Dunedin, Streatham Hill (gar¬ 
dener, Mr. J. Jones), was awarded a vote of thanks for a dark variety of 
Lycaste Skinneri named rubra ; the flowers of a deep reddish crimson. 
Messrs. Pitcher & Manda, East Dulwich, sent a plant of Cypripedium 
Masereelianum (C. Spicerianum and C. insigne Chantini) which was 
considered to be identical with C. Leeanum (vote of thanks). F. G. 
Tautz, Esq., Goldhawk Road, Hammersmith (gardener, Mr. J. C. Cowley), 
showed several varieties of Lycaste Skinneri and the pretty pale yellow 
Coelogyne lentiginosa. De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefields, Sevenoaks, 
sent a plant of Lrelia Crawshayana, much resembling a small variety of 
L. anceps. Mr. Harvey, RiversJale Road, Liverpool, showed a plant of 
