90 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
JiEuary SO, 1890. 
Suni'e7iir dc Frangois Gaulain. —Vigorous. Flowers large and well 
formed; colour varying from magenta red shaded with violet to dark 
violet shaded with carmine. 
SCIPIOM COCHET. 
Maman Cachet. —One of the largest flowers in growth. Flowers with 
very short footstalk, outside petals very large, those in the centre in the 
form of a rosette ; colour rosy flesh washed with carmine, shaded with 
nankin yellow. This magnificent variety, which is figured correctly in 
the ‘-Journal des Roses,” will not be sent out until the autumn of 
1890, and is dedicated by M. Cochet to his venerable and very worthy 
iii 'ere, aged eighty-five years. I think that this advertisement oversteps 
even the most efiusive of our home productions in that line. 
SOUPEET ET NOTTING. 
Duchesse Marie Salviati. —Flowers large, full, well formed ; colour 
orange chrome yellow, shaded with tender carmine rose, centre rosy 
peach. 
Gmtave Kadand. —Flowers cupped shape ; colour clear vermilion, 
shaded with carmine lake. 
TSsniee. 
Gloire des Citiores. —Flowers very large, full, cup shaped ; colour 
coppery yellow, reflex of petals wine red, with gold yellow centre, con¬ 
stituting new shade of colour. 
Madame Adolphe de Tarle. —Flowers large, with large petals, cup 
shape ; colour pure satiny white, with canary coloured centre. 
Bonnaikb. 
JeatDie Guillaumee. —Flowers large and we’l formed ; colour blush 
red, largely shaded with salmon, centre metallic red on straw yellow 
ground. 
Souvenir d'Auguste Legros. —Large and well formed ; colour fiery 
red mixed with shaded crimson ; buds very long, and of large size. 
Moreait-Robeet. 
Madame Moreau. —Flowers large and well shaped, colour clear 
coppery yellow, shaded at the centre with deeper tint; reverse of 
petals rose and apricot yellow. 
Leveque et Fils. 
Madame Olga .—Very vigorous. Flowers large and well formed, hold¬ 
ing themselves erect ; colour white, very delicately and finely shaded 
with yellow in the centre. 
Ketten Frkres. 
Miss Marstmi. —A Rose raised by Pries, but sent sent out by this 
firm. Apparently not a very strong grower Assez vigoureux, pure 
white, bordered with deep rose, centre yellow lighted with peach. 
Chaeeeton. 
Marquise de Folton. —Vigorous. Flowers cupped shaped ; colour 
saffron yellow, centre carmine rose. 
The list presents several noticeable features ; thus several of those 
who have supplied us with new Teas are absent, while such names as 
Tesnier, Charreton, and Ketten are new to us, while of the better known 
growers we have comparatively few. Nabonnand is very modest in his 
list, on which, however, as far as pretty Roses go, we are inclined to look 
with more favour since he has given us L’Id4ale. Another feature is 
the large number of red and high coloured Teas, there being nine out of 
the twenty-one of this character, and 1 think this is much to be deplored. 
Already, as I believe, we have too many of these, and the whole beauty 
of the class will be destroyed if we get a quantity of these glaring colours, 
which may well be left to the Hybrid Perpetuals. Another point is that 
there are a number of cupped flowers. I do not for a moment deny that 
there are some beautiful flowers of this shape amongst the Teas already, 
but they are not in my opinion equal in beauty to the long pointed bud 
of others. Souvenir d’un Ami is a lovely Rose, but 1 do not think that 
it can be compared with a good Anna Ollivier or Comtesse de Nadaillac. 
For these reasons, then, I do not look very hopefully to the new Tea 
Roses to add much to our enjoyment ; of course, it may turn out other- 
w’ise. There may be a “dark horse” amongst them ; but judging from 
our experience of the past, and the description given to us of those for 
the present year, I had rather not “ give odds ” on anv of them. 
—D., Deal. 
P-S.—I find, either by printer’s error or slip of the pen, that in the 
“ Rosarians’ Year Book ” I have credited Mr. F. Cant with the fine 
bloom of Miss Ethel Brownlow instead of Mr. Ben. Cant.—D., Deal. 
Dressing Roses. 
I MUST ask permission for the insertion of a few lines on one point 
only on Mr. Pemterton’s letter. I think he quite misunderstands my 
contention as to his action as a member of Committee. When a matter 
has been discussed on the Committee of any Society, and that Committee 
has passed a resolution to be submitted to the general body of its 
members as their recommendation, no member of it, whether present at 
its decision or not, is, I believe, at liberty to speak or write against it. 
It is as if a matter were discussed by the Cabinet (to compare small 
things with great) and a measure had been agreed upon, and when it was 
brought forward some member were to rise in his place and oppose it. 
That has occurred, as in the case of the Duke of Wellington and Huskis- 
son, but the latter got very short shrift. Of course, if not a member of 
Committee he might do what he liked.—D., Deal. 
CULTIVATION OF HARDY FRUITS. 
The cultivation of hardy fruits in this country is a subject of great 
importance to the landowner, cultivator, and consumer, and deserves the 
serious consideration it is receiving in the gardening and other papers at 
the present time. No one can deny the fact that the demand for good 
fruit is yearly increasing all over the country, and that enormous 
quantities of Apples are imported from America, Australia, and the 
Continent to supply our markets, which, I think, might be successfully 
and profitably grown at home if a better system of culture and selection 
of varieties were adopted. Some writers aver that our climate is too 
moist and too cloudy to grow really fine Apples, a statement which few 
will admit who have had anything to do with Apple culture in the south 
and western counties of England. As regards quality I have no hesita¬ 
tion in saying that our best home-grown Apples are superior to any of the 
imported varieties I have met with, and I have tasted a great many of 
the American and Australian grown Apples, which are dry and juiceless 
compared with the brisk rich aroma of our crisp succulent home-grown 
fruit. 
As to climate there are favourable situations all over the country from 
north to south, where Apples may be profitably grown in good seasons 
by selecting the best soil and situations and procuring proper varieties to 
suit the climate. But, as a matter of fact, the Apples grown in the 
north cannot compete in quality with those grown in the south. It is 
difierent, however, with small fruits which can be grown as successfully 
in the north as in the south. Gooseberries grown in the north are 
superior in quality to those cultivated in the south, and Strawberries, 
Red, White, and Black Currants, and Raspberries are as good in the 
north as they are in the south. The climate and a great quantity of the 
land in South Wales is well adapted for growing fruit of the best quality 
but neither the soil nor the situation have been taken advantage of, and 
there are few orchards of any kind in Glamorgan or the neighbouring 
counties, and what are have been sadly neglected. The trees appear to 
have been planted indiscriminately and allowed to grow as they pleased 
and nothing more done to them ever afterwards, and the results are poor 
crops of miserable fruit not fit for market. 
The treatment is different in gentlemen’s gardens, where none but 
the best varieties are grown. Here the trees have been properly planted, 
manured, pruned, and trained in pyramidal form, and kept in a clean, 
healthy state by adopting a regular system of washing and syringing 
them with an insecticde in winter. The trees here, and elsewhere in this 
district, which are treated in this way, produce heavy crops of fine fruit 
in ordinary seasons, which compare favourably on the exhibition table 
with those grown in the best fruit districts in England. It is a wonder 
that market gardeners, and others, have not gone more into fruit culture 
in this district in the past, where it would be sure to succeed, and where 
there is always a ready market for it in the large towns, and teeming 
populations in the mining valleys. Pyramidal trained trees are the most 
suitable for market gardeners. They are easier managed in the way of 
pruning and gathering the fruit; besides, the fruit is not so liable to be 
blown off in storms as they are on high standard trees. If the trees 
were planted in rows 20 feet apart, and 12 feet in the row, with the best 
market sorts, and sure bearers, such as Apples Keswick Codlin, Lord 
Grosvenor, Lord Suffield, Ecklinville Seedling, New Hawthornden, Stir¬ 
ling Castle, Alfriston, Potts’ Seedling, Lane’s Prince Albert, Nelson’s 
Glory, Wellington, Worcester Pearmain, Rymer, Beauty of Kent, Beauty 
of Hants, Annie Elizabeth, Waltham Abbey Seedling, Cox’s Pomona, 
Cox’s Orange Pippin, and few other really fine varieties might be planted 
which are shyer in fruiting than those named. 
Of Pears - Jargonelle,Williams’ Bon Chretien, Louise Bonne of Jersey, 
Beurr(i d’Amanlis, Beurre Diel, Marie Louise, Pitmaston Duchess. 
Glou Mor^eau, Durondeau, and others. Plums—Victoria, Kirke’s, Pond’s 
Seedling, Transparent Gage, Bryanstone Gage, Prince Engelbert, Jeffer¬ 
son, and Orleans. The space between the trees could be planted 
with Gooseberries, Raspberries, Strawberries, Currants, and vegetables, 
until they have grown sufficient to occupy the whole space. If the trees 
are properly attended to in pruning, manuring, and kept clean and 
healthy, they will become fruitful in five or six years after planting, and 
by the time they are ten ;years old they will produce lexcellent crop 
of fine marketable fruit. 
Pyramidal trained trees cannot be grown satisfactorily in orchards 
) where horse and cattle are allowed to graze, as it would be impossible 
