382 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
L Ua, 8, 1890, 
range up to 25 feet high, and 10 to 15 feet through, as at Tresco, 
Tremough (Penryn), and Eedruth. Acacias reach 30 feet at Pendrea— 
the seat of Mr. W, Bolitho—and Redruth. Aloysia citriodora occurs 
8 feet high, and with stems 4 inches through. Aloes and Agaves thrive 
well in many localities, though Tresco has the finest collection. They 
thrive almost everywhere, but flower with great beauty at spots like 
Penzance and Falmouth, reaching over 20 feet high. A. candelabrum 
flowered at Falmouth for the first time in England, and reached a height 
of 24 feet. Aster argophyllus—the Australian Musk—has grown 20 feet 
high at Eosehill, Falmouth. The Norfolk Island Pine not only grows 
but flourishes at Tresco. The Bamboos do well in such localities as 
Tresco and Penzance. Bambusa mitis grows finely at Tresco ; B. calcata 
is dense in the garden of Mr. T. B. Bolitho, M.P., Penzance. The 
Gannas, too, give a ‘ most wonderful group,’ 12 yards round, at 
Trewidden ; and with slight protection the most tender can be suc¬ 
cessfully grown. Clianthus puniceus often flourishes in exposed situa¬ 
tions. At Tredarvah the stem of one is 8 inches round. Cham^rops, 
in three varieties, reaches 10 feet in height at Polwithen ; and Desfon- 
tainea spinosa 7 feet at Falmouth. Dicksonias flourish exceedingly ; 
antarctica has grown for twenty years out of doors, and squarrosa, 
brought from a greenhouse in Guernsey, has sprung up 9 feet high in 
the open at Penzance. Dracfenas thrive so well that there is actually 
a native hybrid—Scillonensis—originally raised at Tresco. The Eucalypti 
do well. At Penmere, Falmouth, there is one over 60 feet high, produc¬ 
ing seed annually. Escallonia macrantha is so luxuriant as to be 
almost a weed ; and Fuchsias grow to bushes 10 to 15 feet in height, 
and in various parts of West Cornwall literally form hedges, which 
flower most lavishly. Hydrangeas flourish everywhere in the county, 
and at Tresco the woods are full of them, ranging up to 10 feet high. 
The Lapageria rosea has clothed a wall of Trewidden, Penzance, while 
the white variety grows magnificently at Carhayes. Another tender 
exotic which flourishes exceptionally in Cornwa’l is the Melianthus 
major. The Date Palm grows at Tresco. Camellias and Rhododendrons 
luxuriate in many localities. Trevarrick, St. Austell, has long been 
noted for the former; and the display of the latter at Tremough, 
Penryn. is unequalled. The Thujas at Penjerrick, Falmouth, are the 
finest in the kingdom ; Yuccas are thoroughly hardy almost everywhere, 
and as to Veronicas they grow to trees 15 feet in height, while Pelar¬ 
goniums cover the fronts of houses at Penzince and Scilly, and 
flowering Myrtles abound.” 
- Anglicised Botanical Terms. —In one of the Bombay 
Natural History Society’s papers, Mr. G. Carstensen, Superintendent of 
the Victoria Gardens, Bombay, makes a bold suggestion for facilitating 
the study of botany in India. His experience, he says, has taught him 
that the study of botany is far more popular in the northern countries 
of the European Continent than in British possessions, and he cannot 
help thinking that this fact may be clearly attributed to the difference 
in the botanical terminology. While the terms used in English works 
on botany are too frequently quite unintelligible for the layman, 
because they are in most cases Anglicised Latin words, the terms used 
by German and Danish authors are generally easily comprehended, 
because they are translated into the mother language, refer to objects of 
daily life, or are derived from the language itself. He therefore pro¬ 
poses that the Botanical Committee of the Bombay Society be requested 
to revise the existing terminology, and to substitute English and in¬ 
telligible terms for the more unintelligible ones. He gives a few 
examples of the English substitutes he proposes. The natural arrange¬ 
ment of plants consists of two large divisions, Phanerogams, or “ flower 
plants,” and Cryptogamous plants, or “ spore plants.” “ Flower plants ” 
are again divided into Dicotyledons, or “ two-seed-leaved.” The “two- 
seed-leaved ” in the same way are divided into Angiosperms, or “ seed 
vessel plants,” and Gymnosperms, or “ naked-seeded plants,” and so on. 
For the “ natural orders ” he would substitute existing or new English 
names, and for “ genera ” he would substitute “ forms.” In a complete 
flower the calyx would become the “ cup,” the sepals “ cup leaves,” the 
corolla the “ crown,” the petals “ crown leavesthe cup and crown 
together, now known as the perianth, would be the “ floral cover,” and 
so on through the andrajcium and gynmcium, and the whole anatomy of 
the plant. The adoption of this method would, Mr. Carstensen thinks, 
“ vastly increase the number of students of botany, and in the end 
would materially further the progress of this unfortunately neglected 
science.”— 
SOUVENIR DE LA MALMAISON CARNATION. 
This splendid Carnation is neither so well known nor so much 
giown as it ought to be. The large size and delicate perfume of its 
blooms render it extremely valuable for cut flowers, and as a deco¬ 
rative plant it is not to be despised. Its general treatment is simple. 
It can be propagated by layering or by cuttings made from the soft 
side shoots, which will root at almost any season of the year. The 
cuttings should have two cross slits through the base, as this facilitates 
the formation of roots and lessens the risk of damping. We have found 
plants obtained from cuttings inserted in sandy soil in a cold frame m 
August to be the best, being much more robust than those struck in 
bottom heat. The frame should be kept quite close and shaded during 
very bright sunshine. All that is required during the winter is pro¬ 
tection from frost. By May the young plants will be well rooted, and 
should be planted out, about a foot apart each way, in an open border 
where the soil is of a good description, a little rotten manure and leaf 
mould being added. Pinch out the points when the plants are estab¬ 
lished, and attend to watering during dry weather. In September they 
may be placed into 6 or 7-inch pots, in good fibrous loam to which a 
little well-decayed manure, leaf mould, and sand ’have been added. 
The drainage must be well attended to, as stagnant moisture is fatal to 
this plant. The plants should now be furnished with five or six shoots, 
which will throw up flower stems during the autumn and may be 
brought into bloom as required. Those for winter flowering should 
have a temperature of from 55° to 65“. Such as are required for later 
flowering should be kept near the ghass in a light airy house, and merely 
protected from frost until required for bloom, when they may be 
removed to a warmer house. When the plants are throwing up 
their flower stems an occasional supply of soot water will be found 
beneficial. The flower stems should be cut out as soon as possible after 
flowering to prevent the plants becoming tall and ungainly. 
In May ihe plants should be again turned out in the border, or they 
may be potted and stood in cold frames to which air is admitted on 
every possible occasion. Those potted will bloom much earlier in the 
autumn than those planted out. The only insects that are at all trouble¬ 
some are aphides, which may be destroyed by fumigation or by syringing 
with soapy water.—E. G. K. 
FRUIT PROSPECTS. 
The prospect of a good fruit crop in this district was much better 
early in the season that it is now owing to the ravages of birds. Goose¬ 
berries, Red, White, and Black Currants all showed well, but bullfinches 
and sparrows have really cleared the first two in spite of soot and lime ; 
the latter are showing well. Plums on walls did not show well on bush 
and standard trees ; they were much better, but nearly all gone with 
birds. Pears were well set with buds, but the birds have taken all that 
were not netted. Marie Louise on south wall and Uvedale’s St. Germain 
on a north wall are showing best. Apricots and Peaches are not satis¬ 
factory, and most of them were lifted last autumn. Apples—most 
varieties showed well—but as the buds were bursting they have been 
eaten by starlings, thrushes, and blackbirds, a thing I never saw before. 
Cherries, Morellos and otners, show well, and have escaped so far ; 
Medlars, not a bud left on two trees ; even a Pyrus japonica was 
cleared. I am astonished the sparrows have not touched the Peas this 
season, while last I had to protect all young rows. Would steeping 
them in paraffin have anything to do with it? 
Apples in orchards are showing better this year than they have done 
lately, and there has not been a good crop the last four years I am told ; 
but many of the trees are old, covered with moss and lichen, and poor 
varieties, suitable only for cider. 1 enclose you samples of the Apple 
blooms destroyed, and would be glad if you could suggest a remedy. I 
have only been allowed to use the gun lately.— J. Milne, Camerton 
Court, Bath. 
I The remedies are : the gun for the birds, petroleum or lime in 
winter for the moss, and grafting for better varieties of fruit.] 
Here we are not very favourably situated for the finer kinds of 
fruits, being on the northern slope of a range of hills running east and 
west. The climate is mostly rather damp and cold, and trees are very 
liable to get covered with lichens and canker. Apples are the only 
fruits we grow on standards, as Pears, Plums, and Cherries do not come 
to perfection on standards except in exceptionally fine seasons, which un¬ 
fortunately are few and far between, last season being the most favourable 
we have had for years. The 'wood ripened well, with the result of an 
abundance of blossom on all kinds of fruit trees and bushes. Apricots 
began to burst their flower buds about the end of February, and on 
the 3rd of March there were 15° of frost, which has destroyed 
all the blossom except a few that lay against the bricks. Peaches were 
eight days later in bursting their buds, which was in their favour, as 
they are well set. I always cover the Peach and Nectarine trees with 
old herring nets, which I leave on until the fruit is well stoned, as I 
find damage results to the tender fruit if taken off sooner. But this year 
I unfortunately was too late in putting the net on the Apricots. Plums 
are setting well, notwithstanding we have had about a week of frosty 
mornings, on some mornings as much as 7° of frost, and during the 
day a bright sun and cold east wind ; but I see it has damaged a good 
many blooms on the early Pears. Nevertheless, I think there will be a 
good crop uninjured. Apples are now opening their flowers, and I 
expect they will be safe unless the frost is very severe hereafter. 
Cherries, except on the south wall, are not in bloom but look well. 
Gooseberries and Currants have a good appearance, and for once the 
bullfinches have left them alone. Last year they scarcely left a bud on 
