432 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
r I'ay 22. 1891). 
both may be worked for honey. Tiyo-year-old queens, however, 
encourage swarming, but you may use the means to prevent it by 
storifying. Make a shallow case of a depth suitable to the strength 
of the stock and size of sections if these are what you wish. Have 
in the centre four bars of the same width as the brood frames, and 
four (two for each side) If inch broad, assuming the size of hive 
to be 14 inches inside ; if wider, increase one or more of the 
relative sizes. This gives increased room for breeding purposes in 
the centre, with the likelihood that the outside bars or sections 
will be filled with pure comb. Over this place supers in the ordinary 
manner, and keep watch for a swarm issuing. The mode of fixing 
the sections to a top bar with fine nails will be found convenient. 
The other hive should be allowed to swarm, putting the bees 
into a hive not too large, and super in a few days after swarming, 
or if the weather be favourable in one day; then after ten days 
■divide the old stock into nuclei, say four, as that number will give 
less trouble than more weak ones. Probably if both hives were 
treated in this fashion they would give satisfaction. 
I do not quite understand the last query. The proper defini¬ 
tion of any race crossed by another variety, if Carniolian crossed 
with a Cyprian drone, should be Carniolian, Cyprianised hybrid 
being an improper term for crossing with the same species. I have 
assumed that you have frame hives.] 
Bees in a Str.vw Hive—'When to Transeeb. 
I have to acknowledge the courtesy of your correspondent 
Lanarkshire Bee-keeper ” in replying to my questions relative to 
the Lanarkshire hive, and again I take the liberty of asking for 
his guidance regarding seven ordinary sized straw hives of aboriginal 
black bees which I want to abandon and transfer to six Lanark¬ 
shire hives. How and when can this be done, and is it possible 
during the manipulation to secure six young queens, which I should 
like to have to succeed the old ones before removing to the 
Heather ? How is comb foundation fixed in the groove of frames, 
and how are bees admitted to the supers from the outer combs 
•only ? What kind of wood is best for making supers, and where 
■can I procure it?—J. D. L., Northumhcrland. 
[Let the bees swarm, or swarm them artificially, each into two 
divisions of the divisional hive. In ten days or thereabouts after 
the first swarms, second swarms will probably come. Hive these 
into the third division, reserving them for Heather work when 
strengthened from the first swarms and their brood, or they may be 
kept as stocks. The bees and young queens may be driven at the 
end of the twentieth day after the first swarm, and the contents 
utilised, the bees being placed into other divisions, or they may be 
returned to the hive they were taken from, and also kept as stocks. 
This system cannot be condemned as unprofitable, and shows the 
much abused straw hive to be a useful and profitable one after all 
when in combination with frame hives. The colonies having 
increased to three times the original number, or perhaps more, may 
be more than you wish, but you have material to build up strong 
•stocks with for late honey gathering, and the first swarms are 
mostly profitable ones.] 
Fixing Focndatton in the Grooves. 
After the foundation is cut to the proper size and fitted to the 
groove, having it always wide enough to receive the sheet without 
in any way flattening it, turn the frame on its top in the palm of 
your hand, holding it at a slight angle so that the thumb is brought 
into contact with the sheet, and pour melted wax from a smelter or 
a teaspoon at the highest end, allowing it to run the whole length 
of the frame. When set, turn, and repeat the process on the other 
side, and be sure the wax is hot, and keep the teaspoon amongst the 
wax when not pouring it. 
Bees are admitted to the supers from the outer combs by having 
the spaces in the centre closed with shps of wood. 
Wood for Supers. 
Yellow pine is the best wood for supers and hives, but it is 
■expensive. Clean white pine, or any wood free from hard knots, 
answers the purpose, and may be had from any saw miller ; one- 
eighth and five-sixteenths are the thicknesses required, and the price 
from 4|^d. to Gd. per yard of 9 superficial feet. The neatness of 
nailed supers depends much upon the neatness of the sawing, and 
if tolerably free, wood need not be planed if well glass papered, 
'having a piece of flat cork as a pad. When these are dovetailed 
they are more costly. 
The Weather. 
This continues cold and boisterous between calms, and thunder 
■is frequent. Bees have not had a full day’s work since the 4th of 
the month, and I write on the 16th. They are, nevertheless, ready 
for supering, but according to precedent supering will not take 
place before the middle of June, if even then, our honey season 
being between the 21st June and 21st July.—A Lanarkshire 
Bee-keeper. 
TRADE CATALOGUES RECEIVED. 
Stott Fertiliser and Distributor Company, Manchester.—Ai-si of 
Diitrihiiturs. 
All correspondence should be directed either to “ The 
Editor" or to “The Publisher.” Letters addressed to 
Dr. Hogg or members of the staff often remain unopened 
unavoidably. We request that no one will write privately 
to any of our correspondents, as doing so subjects them to 
unjustifiable trouble and expense. 
Correspondents should not mix up on the same sheet questions 
relating to Gardening and those on Bee subjects, and should 
never send more than two or three questions at once. All 
articles intended for insertion should be written on one side of 
the paper only. We cannot reply to questions through the 
post, and we do not undertake to return rejected communica¬ 
tions. 
Tomato Houses C^. Eussd ).—We have forwarded your letter to 
our correspondent, who may perhaps be able to obtain the desired 
information. We have not seen the structures to which he referred. 
Slcksonlas (^Conservatory'). —A shaded position in a late vinery 
will be suitable. Canvas wrapped round the stems and kept moist 
facilitates growth. Only brief replies can be given to Wednesday 
morning’s letters. 
Dendroblum Falconeri (./. IF. -S.).—We fear the flowers you 
sent did not reach us as fresh as you anticipated, or they may have 
been old and flaccid when placed in the box. The variety is certainly 
not “bad,” and had the flowers arrived fresh and bright we might 
possibly have been able to describe it as above the aveiage in merit. _ A 
little fresh grass placed in boxes with flowers is excellent for keeping 
them fresh in transit, inserting the stems in small bits of Potatoes not 
always and alone sufficing. Your Phaius appears to be peculiar in its 
sportiveness. 
Bousslngaultla baselloldes — "W. A. Klcbardson Hose 
(R. S. V. P .).—This is a tuberous rooted plant from South America, 
and grows freely in a mixture of turfy loam, peat, and crushed charcoal 
in a light position in a cool stove or intermediate house, or even in a 
warm greenhouse. When you ask “ if W. A. Piichardson Rose should be 
treated the same as the Mar6chal Niel when it has done flowering,” we 
presume you allude to cutting the stems closely back for the production 
of young shoots. We see no reason why it should not answer thus 
pruned, though we have not tried it. If any of our readers have done 
so shall be glad to publish the results of their experience. 
Judas Tree (A. R.). —The botanical name of this tree is Cercis 
siliquastrum, and bears racemes of rosy purple Pea-shaped flowers. In 
many gardens in the south of England it grows and flowers well as a 
standard, like the Laburnum, but in the north appears to require a 
wall. The flowers are esteemed by some as an addition in salads, from 
their agreeable piquancy. Old writers are in conflict in respect to the 
identity of the tree on which the traitorous disciple Judas hanged him¬ 
self. Sir John Maundeville says that in his day there stood “ the tree 
of Eldre that Judas hange himself upon for despeyr.” Oerarde in his 
Herbal (1597) says “the Judas Tree is thought to be that whereon Judas 
hanged himself, and not upon the Elder tree, as is vulgarly said.” This 
belief is held by the French and Italians. 
Exhibiting- rio-wers (A Snhscriher). — If you have cited correctly 
from the schedule, the terms “ truss ” and “ bunch ” are made 
synonymous by the committee. That being so you were properly dis¬ 
qualified, and the exhibitor of more than one truss of Dendrobiums 
ought to have been disqualified too. As the matter stands, according 
to your statement of the case, it is impossib'e that both decisions can 
be right, for one is in direct conflict with the other. The conditions in 
the schedule are distinctly ambiguous, because a bunch of flowers may 
consist of any number of separate trusses, and in some schedules it is 
properly stated that a specified number of trusses shall form a bunch. 
If more than one truss of Orchids were admissible, surely more than 
one of greenhouse Rhododendrons were admissible also, and -we are 
entirely at a loss to account for the peculiar distinction that appears 
to have been made by the authorities. 
Daisies on Da-wns (IF. R. II .).—There is no doubt about the 
value of household slops for applying to lawns ; indeed, liquid manure 
