May », IMO. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
455 
Fangrus on Pear Iieaves (T. P.).—The leaves are infested with 
a fungus, which causes the raised spots or blotches, first appearing 
greenish yellow and afterwards brownish red. These spots occur on 
both surfaces of the leaves, preventing a due performance of their 
functions ; and if they do not fall a prey, as rarely happens, to the 
fungus, the fruit, if it survive the attack, succumbs, or is rendered 
useless by an attack of another fungus, which causes it to “ pit ” and 
crack. There is no present remedy. It is found, however, that trees 
which are lifted and have the roots laid in fresh loam nearer the 
surface have better textured foliage, their cell walls being hardened 
and better able to resist attack. This we advise you to do in autumn, 
adding some old mortar rubbish, or preferably marl, to the extent of a 
sixth, mixing it well with the soil, removing the worst infested of the 
leaves now and burning them. 
A Curious Iietter—Tuberous Begonias (J. W. S.'). —When a 
person admits his inability to accomplish an object, and asks for and 
obtains the best assistance that can be given as founded on a vague 
letter, then tells those who describe sound principles of action, as proved 
by successful experience, that their ignorance is on a par with his own, 
he may be fairly regarded as peculiar in his views and curious in his 
expressions. Tuberous Begonias are raised from seed and grown into 
floriferous plants the same year by numbers of persons, and you can be 
directed to see, say, 50,000 of such plants in September if you wish. 
There are some named varieties which cannot be grown into large 
specimens by the most expert cultivators. Caladiums from 12 to 18 feet 
in circumference, are grown with the pots, after they are crowded with 
roots, stood in large saucers of water ; also without if the pots are stood 
on a bed of damp ashes. Tropmolum azureum flowers beautifully in a 
greenhouse at Chiswick every year. We simply mention these facts, but 
as yon do not ask for cultural information we presume you do not 
require it. Mercantile terms are commonly applied to chemical 
manures. It is quite true there is a great deal of nonsense written 
on other things than chloride of potassium. If you require information 
on any particular plants and state your conveniences for growing them 
we shall be certainly willing, and perhaps able, to describe methods 
which have resulted in success. 
Hardy Abatlloa (<7. A. M."). —There is an Abutilon which passes 
the winter outdoors in warm positions in the southern counties, also we 
believe in Ireland. It is A. vitifolium, and is said to have been intro¬ 
duced into Ireland from Chili by Captain Cottingham, in 1836. It had 
white flowers, and there is also a lavender coloured variety. A. vitifolium 
was illustrated in the Journal of Ilorticulture of August 23rd, 1888, 
with the following remarks, from which you will gather the desired 
information :—“ Last year a correspondent in Cornwall sent us a note 
ui)on this beautiful Abutilon, in which he remarked that he had ‘ a 
speeimen 14 feet high and 32 feet in circumference at 6 feet from the 
ground, growing out of doors in a position sheltered from the north¬ 
east and west, where it flowered most abundantly every year.’ Very 
rarely are such examples seen out of doors, and it is only in favoured 
climates like the west of England or some districts in Ireland where 
these results could be expected. In most cases where itis found in 
gardens it is an inmate of the greenhouse, and very seldom ean an 
adequate idea be then formed of the beauty of the shrub when fully 
developed. The flowers are large, of a delicate purplish or bluish mauve, 
not unlike the stately Meeonopsis Wallichi in tint and form. They are 
produced in great abundanee, and in contrast with the large dark green 
lobed leaves they have a fine appearance. Messrs. Kelway & Son, Lang- 
port, recently showed some specimens at one of the Royal Horticultural 
Society’s meetings, when a first-class certificate was awarded for it as a 
half-hardy shrub.” 
Peacb Beaves Blistered (J. J. F.'). —The leaves are badly 
infested with a fungus, which is the result probably of chilled and 
sluggish sap, and destroys the tissue of the leaves. There is no means 
of destroying the fungus, as it works inside the leaves, exeept by re¬ 
moving the worst infested and burning them. This should be done 
gradually, so as not to deprive the trees of too much foliage and cause 
a ehill, or the fungus may spread to the young shoots. The parts 
removed should be burnt. As the trees are also infested with inseets 
they should be well and forcibly syringed with a solution of softsoap, 
2 ozs. to the gallon of water, adding about half a pint of tobacco juice to 
a 3-gallon watering-can of water, and repeating as necessary, until the 
foliage is thoroughly clean. Mild weather should be chosen—calm 
evenings when there is not likely to be frost during the night. As the 
disease is caused by cold, efficient means of protection should be 
provided, so as to safeguard the tender foliage from the chilling in¬ 
fluence of frost and cold. As the weather gets warmer the letter 
foliage will follow if it is free from aphides. Follow the syringing with 
the soap solutions, with clear water in a day or two, so as to thoroughly 
cleanse the foliage. Insecticides should be applied much earlier another 
year, and protection afforded from cold winds. A continuance of such 
attacks will ultimately ruin the trees. 
Pruning: niarechal Hlel Boses QCork ').—You neither state the 
age nor size of the Roses, nor how they were pruned after planting. 
From your description of the flowers we are led to suppose the stems 
have not been pruned sufficiently, hence the roots were inadequate to pro¬ 
duce strong growth and fine blooms. You had better let the soil get 
dry, and keep the atmosphere of the house dry also for a week, then 
cut down the stems to good eyes at the base of the wood made this year. 
After this keep the roots moderately moist, not saturated, also syringe 
frequently, and maintain a moist atmosphere ; then young growths may 
be expected to push quickly and grow to a length of several feet in time 
for ripening in the autumn for producing tetter flowers next year. 
You do not say whether the Roses are planted out or not, nor indicate 
the nature of the soil, and on this depends the answer to your ques¬ 
tion on sulphate of ammonia. If they are planted out it may be 
applied at the strength of half an ounce to a gallon of water, but it is 
more of a stimulant than a food, and cannot alone long suffice for the 
health and sustenance of the plants. We shall shortly publish an 
article on the cultivation of this Rose under glass, written by a gar¬ 
dener who has cut 2000 blooms from a lean-to house 30 feet by 16 feet 
this year, and his experience ought to be useful to you and your 
gardener. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.—MAY 28th. 
A GENERAL improTement in buBiness, with supplio? of all classes of goods heavy^ 
and prices easier all round. 
FRUIT. 
8. d. 8. (1. 
Apples, i sieve.2 0 to 6 0 
„ Nova Scotia and 
Canada, per barrel 18 0 25 0 
„ Tasmanian, p. case 15 0 2) 0 
Grapes, per lb.2 6 4 0 
Lemons, case.10 0 15 0 
8. d. 8. d. 
Melons, each*.2 0 to 4 O 
Oranges, per 100 
Peaches, dozen.. 
Red Currants, per 
8t. Michael Pines, 
Strawberries, per 1 
.... 4 0 9 0 
....40 18 0 
J sieve 0 0 0 G 
each.. 20 6 o 
b. .. 1 6 6 G 
VEGETABLES. 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 
s. 
0 
d. 
0 
s. 
to 0 
d. 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
8. 
1 
d. 
6 
8. 
to 2 
a. 
0 
Asparagus, bundle 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Mustard 4 Cress, punnet 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel. 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
9 
Parsley, doien bunches 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, h sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. •. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cabbage, dozen •. ,, 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Carrots, bunch .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
„ New, per lb. .. 
0 
a 
0 
s 
Cauliflowers, dozen.. ,, 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
8 
Salsafy, bundle . • •. 
I 
0 
1 
6 
Coleworts, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle ., .. 
1 
e 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, doz. 
2 
0 
S 
6 
Seakale, per bkt. 
0 
0 
0 
o 
Endive, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Herbs, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel .» .. 
1 
0 
8 
0 
Leeks, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per lb. 
1 
0 
1 
s 
Lettuce, dozen.. .. 
0 
9 
1 
S 
Turnips, buneh .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
8 . 
Anemone, dozen bunches 1 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 2 
Azalea, dozen sprays .. 0 
Blue Bells, dozen bunches 0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 0 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 1 
Cowslips, dozen bunches 0 
Deutzia, per bunch .. 0 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 4 
Forget-me-not, doz. bnch. 1 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 1 
Iris, various, dozen bnchs. 6 
Lapageria, 12 blooms .. 2 
Lilac CEng.), doz. bunches 4 
Lilium, various, 12 blms. 1 
„ longiflorum,12blms. 8 
Lily of the Valley, dozen 
sprays . 0 
„ dozen bunches 4 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 2 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
bunches.4 
CUT FLOWERS. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
a. 
P 
a. 
0 to 4 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches.. 
2 
0 
to 4 
0 
0 
4 
0 
(, Fr.,large bnch 
1 
6 
2 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Narcissus, 12 bnuches .. 
2 
0 
6 
o 
0 
0 
0 
Pfeony, dozen bunches .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
0 
2 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
0 
9 
1 
0 
6 
1 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 bnchs 
4 
0 
6 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Primula(double)l* sprays 
1 
0 
1 
s 
0 
6 
0 
„ (single) 13 sprays 
0 
0 
0 
0 
6 
4 
0 
Ranunculus, doz. hunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
6 
8 
0 
Eoses (indoor), dozen .. 
0 
6 
1 
s 
0 
18 
0 
„ Red, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
0 
4 
0 
„ Tea, white, dozen.. 
1 
0 
8 
0 
0 
8 
0 
„ Yellow. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
0 
8 
0 
Spiraea, dozen bunches .. 
6 
0 
9 
(»■ 
0 
6 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Tulips (Eng.), doz. bnch. 
a 
0 
4 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Violets, French, per boneh 
1 
0 
a 
0 
0 
9 
0 
,, Parme, per bunch 
8 
6 
5 
0 
0 
6 
0 
Wallflowers, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
■White Lilac, French, per 
0 
9 
0 
bunch. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
8. 
a. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
a. ■ 
8. 
d. 
Aralia Siehoiai, aozen ,. 6 
0 to 12 
0 
Geraniums, Iry, per doz. 
5 
0 to 
9 
0 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 8 
0 
12 
0 
M Scarlet, per doz. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Arbor Vit® (golden) doz. 6 
0 
14 
0 
Hyacinths, 12 pots .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Azalea, varions, per dozen 18 
0 
80 
0 
Lily of the VaUey, 12 pots 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Calceolaria, per doz, .. 6 
0 
9 
0 
Lobeli'a, per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Christmas Rose .. ,, 0 
0 
0 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Cineraria, per dozen ,, 5 
0 
9 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 
5 
0 
8 
0 
Cyclamen, per dozen .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Musk, per dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Deutzia, 12 pots .. ., 6 
0 
9 
0 
Myrtles, dozen ■.. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Dracfeua terminolis, doz. 24 
0 
42 
0 
Palms, in var., each.. .. 
2 
6 
•/I 
0 
„ viridis, dozen .. 12 
0 
24 
0 
Pelargoniums, per doz. .. 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Epiphyllnm, per dozen .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Primula (single), per doz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Erica, Cavenfhshi, per pt. 2 
0 
S 
0 
Rhodanthe, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
„ various, dozen .. 12 
0 
18 
0 
Roses (Fairy^, per dozen 
8 
0 
10 
0 
„ ventricosa, per doz, 12 
0 
18 
0 
„ 12 pots '.. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Euonymus, var., dozen .. 6 
0 
18 
0 
Saxifraga pyromidalis, 
Evergreens, in var., doren 6 
0 
24 
0 
per dozen . 
18 
0 
24 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen., 4 
0 
18 
0 
Spirfca, 12 pots. 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus elastica, each.. .. 1 
6 
7 
0 
Stocks, per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 2 
0 
H) 
0 
Tropteolums, rarions, per 
Fuchsia, per dor.6 
0 
9 
0 
dozen ,, .. 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Genista, per dozen .. .. 8 
0 
12 
0 
Tulips, 12 pots. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Bedding Plants in variety, in boxes and pots. 
CALF REARING. 
Breed right, feed right, shelter right, sell right is the compre¬ 
hensive if brief summary of the simple fundamental rules of 
