Jane 5, 1890. J 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDEXER. 
475 
Cabbagres and Xiettuces for iviarket (^Reader). —Most of the 
chief London market gardeners save their own seeds from selected 
varieties of vegetables. Ellam's Early is one of the tirst Cabbages for 
use, and grown about l.l inches apart, and first in the market, the crop 
is profitable. The true Enfield Market is good for the purpose, and 
Early Etampes well worth trying. The Brown or Bath Cos and the 
Hardy Hammersmith C.ibbage variety are mainly relied on for standing 
the winter. The most important and profitable crop is raised by sowing 
seed of a good variety of the Paris White Cos in frames towards the end 
of October or early in November, growing the plants thinly, transplant¬ 
ing 2 or 3 inches apart under sashes or other coverings, and finally 
planting as soon as the weather permits in the spring. Some care is 
needed in management, overwatering and overcrowding in winter being 
fatal to success. 
Xiawn Tennis Ground (/?. 7?.). —In reply to the question of a 
correspondent Mr. R. Inglis wrote as follows some time ago in the 
Journal :—“ The regulation size of tennis courts is 78 feet by 3G feet. 
Outside this there should be at least a yard all round, but better if it is 
two—namely, 8.5 feet by 42 feet of level lawn. Tennis lawns are gene¬ 
rally made quite level, w'hich I think is a mistake, especially if the soil 
is of a stiff moist nature. It is much better if the ground is kept a little 
higher in the centre, say 4 or 5 inches, so that when a heavy rain occurs 
much of it passes off to the sides and ends, and the ground is quicker dry 
and fit to play upon sooner than when made perfectly level, and the 
greater part of the rain having sunk into the ground. It is very essential 
to have a firm surface ; and for this reason, where the soil is clay or is 
wet it is a good plan, after having levelled and consolidated the ground, 
to spread about an inch of clean coal ashes over it before laying down 
the turf. In addition to this it should be previously well drained. On 
light dry soils less trouble is necessary to have a fair tennis lawn ; 
indeed, it may be played for ‘ home practice ’ on any lawn where there 
is a little less room than is required for full-sized courts, and although it 
is not quite level.” 
irectarlne Xicaves Skeletonised (.S'. B. J/.).—The injury to the 
foliage is neither caused by insects nor fungus, but is the result of de¬ 
fective root-action or a deficiency of food for maintaining the trees in a 
healthy state. Of this we have no doubt whatever, and if you lift the 
roots and place them in fresh loam with a mixture of calcareous matter, 
and at the same time accord the trees otherwise good management, they 
will produce very different foliage, stouter and greener, that will resist 
the effects of the sun. The transparent patches in the leaves 
show a deficiency of chlorophyll. There is, indeed, little or no 
substance there, and those weak parts shrivel and drop out. We 
have only once before seen a simila.' case, and the trees were 
completely restored by the means above indicated. If there is no fruit 
on the trees you may lift them at once, and keep the foliage fresh by 
syringing and shading until new roots form and take possession of the 
fresh soil; or the lifting may be done immediately the crop is gathered. 
If it must be postponed, the best thing you can do in the meantime 
is to apply liquid manure copiously to the roots, ventilate early in the 
morning, and in very hot weather shade the foliage slightly either by 
spreading netting on the glass or sprinkling it with limewash applied 
with a syringe. The trees have probably been overcropped. They are 
certainly in an enfeebled state, and urgently need renovation. An 
abundance of fresh roots working freely in good soil will have a 
magical effect, and if you can carry out our suggestions this summer 
you will probably have healthy trees next year. 
Mildew on Crapes (^G. T .').—We are sorry to see the fruit so 
seriously infested. Judging by the wood and foliage the Vines appear 
to have been well managed ; yet we suspect the house has been kept 
closed too long on some particular morning, and the atmosphere too 
moist. There is nothing that can destroy the mildew without some 
“marks” being left, because the mildew itself injures the cuticle of 
the fruit. You say you have tried Fir-tree oil and sulphur without good 
effect. Have you tried Ewing’s mildew composition ? The following 
preparation has been found effectual in destroying mildew on Peach 
trees and Roses, but we have not tried it on Grapes. You might try it 
on a bunch or two in varying strengths and favour us with the results. 
Take a pound of flowers of sulphur and a pound of quicklime powdered, 
add them together with sufficient water to form a paste, add a gallon of 
water, put the whole in an iron saucepan or kettle and boil for twenty 
minutes. When cool and settled pour off the clear liquid and store it 
in a bottle. Use at the rate of one-quarter of a pint to 3 gallons of 
water. Observe w’c do not advise you to proceed otherwise than experi¬ 
mentally at first. We should ventilate more freely, keep the atmo¬ 
sphere of the vinery drier, and give the roots an extra supply of water or 
liquid manure to meet the demands of increased transpiration. The 
house should never be closed at night nor the temperature suddenly 
rise in the morning, or the berries being colder than the atmosphere 
will cause the moisture in the air, however slight it may be, to condense 
on them, and this favours mildew. 
Ziarge Onions (.7. //.).—The large Onions you have seen at the 
shows are usually grown under special treatment. Early in the winter 
the ground is heavily dressed with good solid farmyard or stable manure; 
it is then deeply dug or thrown up roughly, in order that it may become 
thoroughly pulverised during the winter. As early in the spring as the 
weather and state of the ground permits, the autumn-raised Tripolis are 
transplanted from the seed beds in rows about 1.5 inches apart, and the 
plants not less than 0 inches asunder in the rows. The seed of those of 
the White Spanish type, such as the Improved Banbury, Improved 
Reading, and Rousham Hero, is sown at the same time as the others are 
transplanted, and these mature where they are sown. In addition to 
the solid manure, about two surfacings of some kind of artificial mannre- 
are given, nothing being more effective than guano at the rate of about 
3 ozs. to the square yard. This should be sown between the rows, pre¬ 
ferably during showery weather, and be lightly stirred in with the 
Dutch hoe. Liquid manure of any kind or sewage is also given by some- 
growers, and this is also best applied during showery weather, or before 
the ground has become very hard and dry. Neither water nor liquid 
manure should be given after the Onions are approaching maturity, or 
it will induce them to crack or become irregular in shape. It is too 
late to transplant your Tripolis, but you can thin them out freely and 
otherwise treat them as above outlined. Many of them will probably 
bolt, but the remainder, if liberally treated, may yet grow to a size fit 
for exhibition. 
irames of Plants. —We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers.. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm boxes. 
Slightly damp moss, soft green grass or leaves form the best packing, dry 
wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once, 
and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(77.).—Thalictrum aquilegifolium. (77. J.')- —Eriophorum polystachyon. 
(fr.). —3, Aubrietia deltoidea ; 5, Heuchera glabra ; the others were too 
withered. {Zitella ).—The flowers were withered beyond recognition- 
It is probably a Silene. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.—JuxE 4 th. 
Trade generally’brisk, with good supplies of aU classes of goods. Prices firm. 
FRUIT. 
8. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
B. 
«. 
S. 
er. 
Apples, i sieve. 
2 
0 
to G 
0 
Melons, each''. 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
2 
0 
to 4 
0 
,, Nova Scotia and 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Canada, per barrel IS 
0 
25 
0 
Peaches, dozen. 
4 
0 
18 
G 
y, Tasmanian, p. case 
15 
0 
0 
0 
Red Currants, per ^ sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each.. 
2 
0 
6 
(V 
Lemons, case. 
10 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 
i 
6 
5 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
S. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
a. 
Artichokes, dozen ., ,. 
Asparagus, bundle 
0 
0 
to 0 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet .. 
1 
6 
to 8 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Mustard & Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Onions, bushel. 
8 
0 
4 
0- 
Beet, Red, dozen 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, \ sieve 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. . • 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Carrots, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
„ New, per lb. . • 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen.. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
% 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Salsafy, 'bundle .. .. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Coleworts, do»;. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. •. 
1 
6 
0 
O' 
Cucumbers, doz. 
2 
0 
3 
G 
Seakale, per bkt. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Shallots, per lb. 
Spinach, bushel ,, 
0 
3 
0 
O’ 
Herbs, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Leeks, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, perlh. 
1 
0 
1 
Lettuce, dozen. 
0 
9 
1 
s 
Turnips, hunch .. .. 
u 
4 
0 
fr 
COT 
FLOIAERS. 
B. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
a. 
B 
a. 
Anemone, dozen bunches 
1 
0 to 4 
0 
Mignonette, 12 hunches.. 
2 
0 
to 4 
0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
Azalea, dozen sprays 
2 
0 
4 
0 
., Fr,,large hnch 
1 
G 
2 
0 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Narcissus, 12 bunches .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pieony, dozen bunches ., 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms ., 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Calceolaria, doz. bunches 
6 
0 
8 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Cornflower, doz. bunches 
3 
0 
4 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 bnchs 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Beutzia, per bunch 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Pinks C'white’i, doz. bchs. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Eucharis, dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Primula(donble)12 sprays 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Forget-me-not, doz. bnch. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
,, ( single) 12 sprays 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
1 
G 
8 
0 
Ranunculus, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
a 
Iris, various, dozen bnchs. 
Lapageria, 12 blooms 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen .. 
0 
6 
1 
6 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Moss ( Fr.), doz.hlm. 
0 
9 
1 
e 
Lilac (Eng.), doz. bunches 
4 
0 
8 
0 
„ Red, 12 blooms .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Lilium, various, 12 blms. 
„ longiflorum,12 blms. 
0 
9 
2 
0 
,, Tea, white, dozen.. 
1 
0 
8 
0- 
3 
0 
6 
0 
„ YeUow. 
2 
0 
4 
ft 
Lily of the Valley, dozen 
Spircea, dozen bunches .. 
G 
0 
9 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms ., 
Tulips (Eng.), doz. bnch. 
0 
6 
1 
ft 
„ dozen bunches 
4 
0 
9 
0 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Wallflowers, doz. hunches 
2 
0 
4 
0* 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
White Lilac, French, per 
bunches. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
bunch. 
4 
0 
5 
0- 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
B. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Aralia Sieholdi, dozen .. G 
0 to 12 
0 
Geraniums, Ivy. per doz. 
6 
0 to 
9 
fr 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 8 
Arbor Vitte (golden) doz. 6 
0 
12 
0 
Scarlet, per doz. 
4 
0 
9 
(1 
0 
8 
0 
Hydrangea, doz. pots .. 
9 
0 
21 
0 
Azalea, various, per dozen 18 
0 
80 
0 
Lily of the Valley, 12 pots 
12 
0 
18 
0 
Calceolaria, per doz. .. 6 
0 
9 
0 
Lobelia, per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Climbing Plants, various. 
Morguerlto Daisv, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
fr 
dozen pots.4 
0 
9 
0 
Mignonette, per dozen .. 
5 
0 
8 
0 
Cyclamen, per dozen .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Musk, per dozen 
MjTtles, dozen. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Beutzia, 12 pots .. .. G 
0 
9 
0 
6 
0 
12 
fr 
Bracaeua terrainolis, doz, 24 
0 
42 
0 
Nasturtiums, dozen pots 
3 
0 
4 
0 
„ viridis, dozen .. 12 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var., each. . .. 
2 
6 
H 
0 
Epiphyllum, per dozen .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Pelargoniums, p(*r doz. .. 
9 
0 
18 
ft 
Erica, Cavendishi, per pt. 2 
0 
3 
0 
Rliodanthe, per dozen ., 
6 
0 
9 
0 
„ various, dozen .. 12 
0 
18 
0 
Roses (Fairy', jier dozen 
8 
0 
10 
fr 
„ ventricosa,perdoz. 12 
0 
18 
0 
„ 12 pots . 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Enonyraus, var., dozen .. 6 
0 
18 
0 
Saxifraga pyramidalis. 
Evergreens, in var., do en 6 
0 
24 
0 
per dozen . 
18 
0 
24 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen.. 4 
0 
18 
0 
Spirwa, 12 pots. 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus elastica, each.. .. 1 
G 
7 
0 
Stocks, per doz. 
4 
0 
G 
u 
F oliage plant j, var., eoch S 
0 
n 
0 
Troproolums, various, per 
Fuchsia, per doz.6 
0 
9 
0 
dozen . 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Genista, per dozen .. .. 8 
0 
12 
0 
Tulips, 12 pots. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Redding Plants in variety, in boxes and pots. 
