January 6,1887. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
19 
that they were lifted and potted to do service again. To get plants to do 
this continued duty they must of necessity have generous treatment. The 
besc way to deal with them, or at least a very good way, is after the winter 
flowering is complete, to let them gradually ripen by withholding the 
water supply and afterwards placing them in a cooler structure, and by 
degrees diminishing the water altogether, then placing them in any house 
where the temperature is about 40°. If cuttings for producing young plants 
are required a portion will have to he introduced into the propagating house 
early in the month of January ; indeed, an early start means the best and 
strongest plants by the autumn, so the earlier the better. At this stage 
they may be cut hack; and do not fear the use of the knife, for they may 
be pruned as hard as Fuchsias and break away into growth again with 
equal freedom. Do not place them on bottom heat at once, as this will 
only too hastily excite the sap, and as yet withhold water at the roots. 
They may, however, be syringed twice or thrice a day, which will 
materially assist them in forming breaks, and as soon as these appear they 
may be watered as they seem to require at the root and be placed in gentle 
bottom heat.—J. H. E. 
(To be continued). 
CHRYSANTHEMUMS FOR CUTTING. 
Almost everything one reads about these is from the “ show ” 
point of view, and the uninformed have to grope their way some¬ 
what at a disadvantage in order to learn the best sorts for ordinary 
demands ; but it must be confessed that the man who grows for 
showing has a very good case to present for himself, for the reason 
that his blooms, though large, are nevertheless not too large for cut- 
flower purposes. At the same time, where we have a large amount 
of produce to turn out of a limited space, and with limited means 
for doing so, growing show blooms is a proceeding of doubtful 
utility. After several years of strictly home Chrysanthemum 
growing I have this year some on the show principle, and without 
doubt they are very telling—so much so, indeed, that, all being well, 
1 intend to have a houseful of them in 1887. But not one of them 
has been cut, nor do I think it likely they shall be until old age 
plainly shows them as fit for the rubbish heap ; and looking back 
over several years’ experience with them I am obliged to come to 
the conclusion that blooms of the show type mostly find their way 
to the same place. Of course it is no blame to the flowers, but one 
does not care to spend twelve months in the production of a plant 
to carry three flowers without making the most of them when on 
the plant. Well, then, I think it may be considered necessary 
where many flowers are needed to cultivate Chrysanthemums 
specially for that purpose, letting the show blooms alone. 
Chrysanthemums for cutting should possess certain qualities. 
Thus the habit of plant must be free and leading to florirerousness. 
The flowers should be decided in colour, or if of soft shades lacking 
in insipidity. Good typical sorts are Mrs. George Rundle, which, 
although perfect according to the florists’ standpoint, is at the same 
time beautiful from the aesthetic point of view, and fulfils the 
practical requirements of the gardener. The variety Mr. George 
Glenny is a good example of a pleasing soft shade, and is, if any¬ 
thing, more productive of good blooms. Mrs. Dixon, again, repre¬ 
sents a decided yellow, though not quite so good in other respects 
as the other two. Lady Selborne repays good cultivation extremely 
well, and does not require thinning. This variety is remarkable as 
being an early-flowering sort which keeps the purity of its flowers 
longer than any other kind. Though not so much grown as some 
other white varieties it would well repay more extended cultivation. 
The value of Elaine is now fully recognised, excelling as it does 
other kinds in purity, though the flowers rapidly deteriorate and 
assume a pinky shade after the stage of full development is reached. 
Fair Maid of Guernsey also well repays good cultivation. Another 
very good white and late is Lady Margaret of the Anemone section. 
Fleur de Marie we also grow. This is late, and must be well 
grown, when it produces most lovely quilled white blooms. Mons. 
Astorg grown as a flower-producing plant we find valuable as a late 
sort, the blooms being large and opening pure white. Timbale 
d’Argent, a medium-sized honeycombed variety, is wonderfully 
free, and though not large the flowers are very pretty. Mrs. 
Forsyth, of the Christine type, is very good indeed, the form of 
flower being distinct, and the shade inclining to cream is telling. 
Cedo Nulli is very good for cutting purposes ; La ISTeige and La 
Yierge are both good earlier sorts. Of yellow varieties Mr. G. 
Glenny and Mrs. Dixon have already been noted. Golden Cedo 
Nulli is perhaps superior to the white recommended above. Anto- 
nelli is another very good Pompon. Chevalier Domage is perhaps 
the best yellow we have, and is good in all respects, the flowers 
being of the reflexed type. Gluck, a rather rough Anemone, is 
nevertheless very useful for cutting. Peter the Great, a Japanese 
variety, is indispensable alike on account of shade and shape of 
flower. Jardin des Plantes when well grown and well supplied 
with good manure is moderately floriferous, and the flowers are so 
beautiful that it can hardly be dispensed with. 
In lilac shades Yenus, Lady Harding, Bouquet Fait, Prince of 
Anemones, Madame Dorothee Souille, a lovely sort ; Madame Clos, 
very good; Her Majesty, M. Brun, Marie Stuart (Anemone 
Pompon), very soft and pretty ; Acquisition, a lovely shaded 
flower, quilled ; James Salter, very good but soon loses colour. Of 
orange shades Source d’Or is particularly fine ; William Robinson, 
good and pretty ; Orange Annie Salter, free and good. In orange 
and brown L’lle des Plaisirs, small but fine ; M. J. Laing is ex¬ 
tremely good, the blooms being freely produced ; King of Crimsons, 
reflexed, fine ; Reverie, one of the very best, the shade most telling, 
and shape of flower very good. Darker shades will be found in 
L’Africaine, a fine sort for cutting ; Tokio, extremely good ; Julie 
Lagravere, a grand old variety, late and useful; Rex Rubrorum, 
very dark, free and good ; Cullingfordi, very fine, dark in colour, 
and plant of free growth. Calliope is an Anemone Pompon, rather 
later but of good colour and exceedingly pretty. General Bain- 
bridge, chestnut, is a pretty incurved sort, moderately free and 
good on account of colour. Cry Kang is a good variety in all 
respects. Le Chinois, of a port-wine hue, is most floriferous and 
altogether good. Margot is a peculiar shade, and is most attractive, 
lighting up a vase most wonderfully. Hiver Fleuri, though rather 
undefined as to colouring, is notwithstanding of value. La Nymphe 
is another shade which is good for lighting up dull flowers. 
Triomphe du Nord is of such a peculiar hue tha + it has almost 
necessarily to be used by itself. It is a very good sort. Of purplish 
varieties Prince of Wales and President are both very good. All 
those above noted are further valuable as decorative plants, and are 
just the sorts to be grown by the inexperienced.—B. 
FRUIT FORCING. 
Vines. —Early Houses .—Great care will now be required in venti¬ 
lating, so as not to admit draughts of cold air, which injure the foliage, 
causing it to beeome stunted, whilst a confined atmosphere causes it to 
become thin and poor in texture, falling a prey to red spider later 
on with great liability to be scorched. Disbud and tie down the 
shoots before they touch the glass, being careful not to bring them 
down too abruptly or to tie too tightly. In stopping do not confine it to 
any given number of joints beyond the bunch, but extend it so that an 
ample and even supply of foliage will be insured fully exposed to light. 
Remove all superfluous bunches, overcropping and overcrowding of the 
foliage being very adverse to satisfactory results. When the bunches 
come into flower maintain a day and night temperature of 70° to 75°, but 
with a decline of 5° through the night, and a rather drier atmosphere. 
Do not allow the heat to decline in fermenting beds about Vines in pots 
nor in the ridges of such in houses, but keep a good heap of Oak leaves 
and stable litter in the reserve ground to admit of a supply being obtained 
as required. 
Houses to Afford Ripe Grapes in June .—The Vines must be started at 
osce. If the roots are outside they will have been protected with a good 
thickness of dry litter or fern, with tarpaulin, wood shutter, or lights to 
throw oS rains and snow, and they will ha /e secured to them a much 
higher temperature than if there had been no such protection, therefore 
fermenting materials in such circumstances maybe dispensed with, but the 
borders having been exposed to cold rains and snow, the temperature of 
the soil will be little if any warmer than the surrounding ground, and a 
good bed of fermenting materials can be used with advantage, placing it 
on the border about 18 inches thick, and protecting with shutters. Supply 
the inside borders thoroughly with tepid water, or at 90°. To economise 
fuel employ fermenting materials inside the house, also as a source of a 
genial warmth and moisture constantly, and turn it over frequently to 
liberate the ammonia, adding fresh material as necessary. Where fer¬ 
menting materials are not obtainable the available surfaces may be 
sprinkled, but not the rods, with liquid manure daily. The temperature 
should be 50° to 55° by artificial means, and 55° from sun heat. 
Pruning , 3,'c .—Vines from which the Grapes have been cut should be 
immediately pruned. Cut to a plump bud as near to the base as possible ; 
but as some Vines do not prove very satisfactory closely primed, the operator 
must be guided accordingly, and choose the best bud on firm well-ripened 
wood wherever situated, which will cause the spurs to become long ; but 
that can be obviated by training a shoot from the base to displace it after 
fruiting, and the Vine will show in the good finish of its crop the advan¬ 
tage derived from the extra foliage. The spurs under any circumstances 
will become long in time, but it is easy to train up young canes. Remove 
all loose bark, avoid peeling and scraping, washing with softsoap and 
water. Thoroughly cleanse the house, surface dress the borders, clearing 
ofi the loose surface, using fresh loam with about a twentieth of bonemeal 
intermixed. Keep the house as cool as possible to secure complete rest. 
hate Grapes .—Maintain a mean teniperature with a dry atmosphere 
