April 21, 1887. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AXD COTTAGE GARDENER. 
323 
may safely be applied whenever, under ordinary circumstances, water would 
be required—once a week or oftentr, according to the weather. 
Cauliflowors Blind—Exhibiting Salads {Inquirer). —We have noticed 
the failing in Veitch’s Autumn Giant Cauliflower, autumn-raised plants 
being especially liable to go blind. It is not satisfactorily accounted for. 
Wo always raise and prick out many more plants than are actually required 
tu the first instance, and these aro then ava'lable for transplanting with a 
owel to where they may be needed to replace those that are blind. You 
should have stated the date of the show at which you intend to compete 
with a salad of four kinds. Supposing it be in August or thereabouts, you 
might have good Cos Lettuce, Tomatoes, Radishes, and either Cucumbers 
■or Cress. Celery and Cucumbers are frequently well shown by cottagers, 
and these, in common with Tomatoes, may be included in collections of 
either salading or vegetables. Failing either of these Mustard would do 
for the fourth kind. Many beside yourself would be glad to know “ how to 
get rid of black fly ou frame Cucumbers?” This little pest, when well 
established on house-grown plants, is very difficult indeed to destroy, and 
according to our experience it is useless to make the attempt with frame 
Cucumbers. Fumigation with tobacco paper is both dangerous and useless, 
but tobacco powder well dusted over the under side of the leaves will 
check the insects somewhat. You will do well to make a fresh hotbed, and 
raise or procure fresh plants, as these would soon surpass those that are 
infested. 
Growing Tobacco in Gardens {W. L. B .).—\Ye are not aware that 
there is any prescribed limit as to the number of plants you may grow for 
fumigating purposes, but no one can occupy more than half a pole of 
ground with Tobacco without incurring a penalty except in conformity 
with the special regulations of ilia Government for extending the culture 
of the plant. Mr. E. J. Beale, F.L.S. (Messrs. James Carter & Co.) says in 
his excellent work on “English Tobacco Culture.” “The following is a 
summary of the laws which prohibited the growth of Tobacco in this 
country fifty years since, and which, with the latter enactments under 
George III. and William IV., govern the existing prohibitions :—By Charles 
II., c. 34, no person shall plant any Tobacco on pain of forfeiting the same, 
or the value thereof, or 4(K for every rod or pob of ground planted with it 
(equivalent to a duty of .£320 per acre); halt' to the King and half to him 
who sues. And besides the said penalty by 15 Charles II., c. 7, he shall 
moreover forfeit £10 for every rod or pole; one-third to the King, one-third to 
the poor, and one-third to him who sues. By 22 and 23 of Charles II., c. 2G, 
the justices shall, a month before every sess'ons, issue their warrants to all 
high and petty constables to search what Tobacco is planted, cured, and 
ur.de, and by whom; and to make presentment of such p rsons ; which 
presentment shall he filed by the Clerk of the Peace in open sessions; such 
filing to be a sufficient conviction of the persons presented, unless such 
person having notice given him of such presentment, shall, at the next 
sessions, traverse the presentment, and find sureties for prosecuting and 
tr\ ing such traverse. And all constables, ic., shall, within fourteen days 
after warrant from two justices, pluck up, burn, consume, or tear in pieces, 
and utterly destroy all Tobacco, seed, plant, and leaf sowed or growing in 
any field or ground. And if any Tobacco shall be suffered to grow or be 
consumed in seed, plant, or leaf by the space of fourteen days after the 
receipt of such warrant by the constables or other officers, they shall for 
■every offence forfeit 5s. for every rod, pole, or perch planted with Tobacco ; 
half to the King and half to him who sues. Bnt, by the several Acts, 
nothing in them is to hinder planting Tobacco in gardens for physic or 
surgery, so that the quantity planted exceed not half a po’.e of ground. 
Ttiese penalties failing to stop the cultivation of the plant another Act was 
pa-sed. By 15th Charles II., cap. vii., sections 15, 16, and 17, the tax of 
£ !20 was raised to £1600 per acre, and that exists to the present day.” 
Names of Fruits.—The names and addresses of senders of fruit to be named 
must in all cases be enclosed with the specimens, whether letters referring 
to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are not necessarily required 
for publication, initials sufficing for that. Only six specimens can be 
named at once, and surplus fruits beyond that number cannot be preserved. 
(J. D.). —2, Gipsy King; 3, Pigeon; 4, Cockle's Pippin; 5, Not known; 
■6. Golden Knob. ( B. J.). —1, Golden Noble; 2, Yorkshire Greening. A 
little delay necessarily arises occasionally in naming specimens. 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, not 
varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry 
■cotton wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
\S II.). —Fuchsia splendens. It is not unusual for the flowers to drop off 
prematurely early in the season when the roots are less active than later, 
and the leaves and stems weaker through the necessity of keeping houses 
■somewhat close in the spring. {Inquirer ).—The plant isFuchsia splendens 
which flowered in the gardens of the London Horticultural Society in 1812, 
from seed sent by the collector Hartweg. It was found at an elevation of 
10,000 feet, and it was then thought likely to prove one of the hardiest. 
Sections and Crates (H. G .).—You wish to know if half-pound sections 
«can be used in racks or crates that 1-lb. ones are used in. If the half-pound 
sections are of the same height as the larger ones we see nothing to prevent 
their being fitted into them, provided they fill the rack properly. If not, then 
the space at the ends had better be filled by a division board. To work 
bees and hives for half-pound sections is certainly not the best means to 
-obtain the largest quantity of honey; but if it is absolutely necessary, then 
wo advise crates to be made, either in one to cover the whole hive, or in 
two divisions, and have frames to fit into these, each frame to hold two 
sections in depth. The frames in the under crate should clear the crown 
•of the hive at least a quarter of an inch; but in the case of tiering, the 
upper frames should lie close upon the tops of the under crate of sections. 
This pi id, however, is liable to crush bees when manipulated before the 
flections are full; it has no other disadvantage, but a great advantage when 
tiered neatly, by the bees filling the whole sections in a continuous mass, 
especially so if the frames are free from the side wall of crate a quarter of 
an inch. For half-pound sections we would make the framts of strong 
hoop-iron, having distance guides riveted on them, and small hol s puncht d 
or drilled on the bottom and end of the frames, so that the sections could 
be fastened by pins or tacks. Those in the centre of the upper row we 
would keep in place by tin guides bent so as to (rip tho top and bottom 
sections, keeping all rigid. If some plan like that is followed, many bees 
get acoes? to the sections, which is much better than when the compart¬ 
ments are small, and the whole of the sections will be completely filled. 
We exhibited frames of this sort in 1884, and all who saw them were pleased 
with them, only the sections were 1 lb. ones. When the bees have a road¬ 
way round the ends of the frames tho bees fill the sections better. Iron 
takes up less room, is stronger, and during summer is not objectionable in 
supers, and is cheaper than wood for the purpose. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— April 20th. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d 
s. 
d. 
s. 
a. 
8. 
d. 
Apples 
0 
to 6 
0 
Melon . 
0 
0 to 0 
0 
» 
Sova Scotia aud 
Oranges .. .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Canada, per barrel 10 
0 
IS 
0 
Peaches . 
perdoz. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cherries 
. J sieve 0 
0 
0 
0 
Pears. 
. dozen 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cobs 
. 100 lb. GO 
0 
65 
0 
Pine Apples English., lb. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Figs 
0 
0 
0 
Plums. 
& sieve 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Grauoa 
. rt. 4 
0 
8 
0 
Sfc. Michael Pines 
. .each 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Letuoua 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries .. . 
per tt». 
8 
0 
12 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8 
d. 
s. 
d 
8 
d. 
Artichokes ,. .. 
dozen 
1 
0 
to 0 
0 
Lettuce .. .. 
i 
0 
to 1 
ft 
Asparagus .. .. 
bundle 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Mushrooms .. 
..punnet 
0 
C 
I 
6 
Beans, Kidney 
per lb 
o 
0 
n 
6 
Mustard and Cress punnet 
0 
2 
0 
6 
Beet, Red .. .. 
dozen 
i 
0 
2 
0 
Onions .. 
0 
3 
0 
U 
Broccoli. 
bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley .. dozen bunches 
2 
0 
s 
0 
Brussels Sprouts .. 
£ sieve 
2 
0 
2 
6 
Parsnips .. .. 
1 
0 
s 
u 
Cabbage . 
dozen 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes.. .. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Capsicums .. .. 
100 
1 
6 
3 
0 
,, Kidney 
.. cwt. 
4 
0 
0 
0 
Carrots. 
bunch 
e 
4 
0 
0 
Khubarb .. 
.. bundle 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Cauliflowers .. .. 
dozen 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy .. ., 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Celery . 
bundle 
i 
6 
2 
0 
Scorzonera .. 
.. bundle 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Coleworts doz. bunches 
a 
0 
4 
0 
Soakale .. .. 
per basket 
1 
6 
0 
O 
Cucumbers .. .. 
each 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Shallots .. .. 
0 
S 
0 
0 
Endive. 
dozen 
l 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach .. .. 
8 
0 
4 
a 
Heros .. .. .. 
bunch 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes .. 
1 
0 
2 
Leeks . 
bunch 
0 
8 
O' 
4 
Turnips .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
e 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
R. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldi .. 
dozen 
9 
0 to 18 
0 
Fuchsia .. 
9 
0 to 12 
0 
Arbor vitas (golden) dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Genista .. .. 
8 
0 
12 
0 
„ (common) 
dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Hyacinths 
per dozen 
6 
G 
9 
0 
Azalea .. .. per dozen 18 
0 
80 
0 
Lilies Valley.. 
.. dozen 12 
0 
24 
0 
Begonias .. .. 
dozen 
4. 
0 
9 
0 
Margaerite Daisy dozen 
G 
0 
12 
ft 
Cineraria .. per dozen 
6 
0 
10 
0 
Mignonette .. 
. dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Cyclamen .. .. 
dozen 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles .. .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Dracsena terminalis, dozen 30 
0 
60 
0 
Palms, in var. 
.. each 
a 
6 
21 
0 
„ viridis .. 
dozen 12 
0 
2t 
0 
Pelargoniums 
.. dozen 1 
g 
0 
21 
0 
Erica, various 
dozen 18 
0 
42 
0 
scarlet dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Euonymu8, in var. 
dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Primula sisenais 
per doz. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Evergreens, in var. 
dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Solanrms 
per doz. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Ferns, in variety .. 
dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Spiraea .. .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus elastica 
each 
i 
6 
7 
0 
Tulips .. ..per doz. pots 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Foliage Plants, var. 
each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
Abntilons .. 12hnnches 
8. 
2 
(1. 8. 
0 to 4 
d. 
0 
Mignonette .. 12 bnnohes 
8. 
4 
d. B. 
0 to 6 
a. 
0 
Arana Lilies .. 12 blooms 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Narciss .. .. 12 bunches 
S 
0 
9 
0 
Azalea .. .. 12 sprays 
0 
6 
X 
0 
,, White, English, bunch 
Pelargoniums, per 12 trusses 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Bouvardias .. per bunch 
0 
6 
1 
0 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Camellias .. blooms 
1 
6 
4 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Carnations .. 12 blooms 
1 
0 
8 
0 
Parme Violets (French) 
3 
6 
3 
6 
„ .. 12 bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Poinsettia .. 12 blooms 
0 
0 
0 
6 
Chrysanthemums 12 bches. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Primroses .. 12 bunohes 
0 
6 
0 
8 
„ 12 blooms 
0 
0 
0 
0 
,, white 12 bunches 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Cornflower .. 1? bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Primula (single) per bunch 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Cyclamen .. 12 blooms 
0 
4 
0 
9 
„ (doable) per bunch 
0 
9 
1 
O 
Daffodils, various, dz. bchs 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Roses .. 12 bunohes 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Encharis .. per dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ (indoor), per dozen 
l 
0 
2 
a 
Gardenias .. 12 blooms 
1 
6 
3 
0 
„ Tea. dozen 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Hyacinths, Roman, 12 sprays 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ red (French) dozen 
1 
6 
2 
0 
, .. .. 12 sprays 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Stephanotis .. 12 sprays 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Lapageria, white, 12 blooms 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Tropasolum .. 12 bunches 
1 
6 
o 
u 
Lilium loogifiornm, 12 blms. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Tuberoses .. 12 blooms 
1 
G 
s 
0 
Lilac (white), French, bunch 
4 
0 
7 
0 
Tulips .. .. doz. blcom3 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Lily of the Valley, 12 sprays 
0 
9 
i 
0 
Violets .. .. 12 bunches 
0 
4 
0 
9 
Margueritss .. 12 bnnohes 
2 
0 
6 
0 
„ Czar, French, per bunch 
0 
9 
1 
6 
GRASS FARMING. 
Success full and ample lias attended the efforts of 
farmers in the western counties in the cultivation of 
fodder crops for many years past, and it may be said that 
the high average of annual rainfall in that part of the 
