April 23,1887. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
345 
•for Mush-oirns. We have seen Mushroom beds made in a vinery long 
before the Grap;-s were out, and, the beds being cover il with dry hay, no 
barm whatever resulted to the fruit hanging on the Vines. We should not 
hesitate to make up beds ia a late Peach house any time after the fruit was 
gathered and the wood ripening. 
Vines Failing (Stockuiell) —You have perlnps some reason for sup¬ 
posing the Vines have been tampered with. We can only say there are no 
insects on the roots sent to account for their deplorable condition. Some of 
them are quite destroyed, and it is c f rtiin they have bten in cou'aot with 
something of a highly deleterious nature. 
Figs Withering (TF. L. B .).—The condition of the Fig you have sent : s 
due either to want of adequate nutriment or defective ferti isation, or both. 
As the roots of the tree have entered the red gravelly subsoil you will act 
wisely by lifting the tree as soon as that can b! safely done. It should be 
planted in turfy loam containing a liberal admixture of old mortar rubbish, 
the whole to be m dj firm, and surface roots encouraged by a dressing of 
manure for preventing the evaporation of moisture. The growths should be 
thinly disposed, so that the leaves can develope under full exposure to 
light, then with adequate liquid support during the sea'on of growth your 
Figs may be expected to swell to maturity. The Ftru will be examined for 
identification. 
Various (It. C. Lei, Kangra). —- 1 Ve should think the bestcourse would be 
to write to the Agri-Horticultural Society of India, or the Directors of some 
of the Botanic Gardens. Failing these, you could write to Dr. A. Voelcktr, 
12, Hanover Square, London. The Apple which you state weighed 1 lb. is 
not King of the Pippins, hut probably Warner’s Kiner, which come3 even 
heavier than that occasionally. We do not know a Lily tearing th9 name 
you mention. Magazine writsrs cannot always bo relied upon for accuracy 
of botanical knowledge. 
Ro3e Buds Failing ( Bed/ordian ).—An expert “budder ” with whom we 
have conferred observes that the budding of dwarfs either fro-m cuttings 
or seedlings is a much more delicate operation than the budding of 
standards. In one case the shoot and bark are new and fresh, and the bud 
may be put in at any time almost; but in the other case we work on bark 
•some years old, and here we have to choose the time very carefully—the 
■earlier in the season the better. The bud must be cut from a plant when 
the sap is running freely, and the same remark applies to the stock. 
Uncover a few at a time, tie-in the buds tightly, and few failures should 
■occur. Head the articles cn budding now appearing by Mr. D. Gdmour, 
who has successfully budded many seedling Briars quite as old as yours. 
Arranging Flower Beds (A. B. C.). —For some special reason, such as a 
person having no experience whatever to guide him, and no examples that 
he could inspect, we occasionally depart from a rule, and you appear to have 
been favoured in this respect. We are glad to hear our advice was so 
serviceable, and you can now have little difficulty in making such changes 
as your taste may sugggest, and in accordance with the number of the 
■different kinds of plants at your disposal. If you like to submit your 
proposals to us they shall have our attention. We have found after long 
experience that this is the most satisfactory method of procedure. 
Ivy and Holly Dying ( Ifarpenden ).—The branches sent are dead, but 
we have no data to guide us in forming an opinion as to the cause of their 
death. We do not think it is due to insects eating the bark, but, on the 
contrary, much of it has peeled off naturally through the shrinkage and 
drying of the stems. We have known both Ivy and Holly rendtred so 
we ik by poverty of so i and drought iu summer as to be unable to resist the 
■effects of protracted fro3t and cold, hence collapse in the spring. Babbits 
eat the bark of Hollies, and we have known them do much injury, but we 
scarcely think they have been the culprits in your case. We have also 
known mice nibble the hark from Vines and different trees, doing much 
injury. If they abound in your garden they may possibly be accountable 
to some extent for the condition of the peeled branches. 
Azalea mollis (G. TF.).—After flowering pick off all incipient seed pod 8 
and stand the plants in light position in a greenhouse or vinery, where they 
can make sturdy growth. They must be well supplied with water, as injury 
will be done if the roots get too dry. In the course of three weeks, or when 
■mild weather ensueB, a cold frime will be a suitable position, and from 
thence they can be removed to the open air for ripening their wood, 
plunging the pots in ashes in a sunny position. 
White Rhododendron (A. B .).—The variety of which you send flowers 
is quite distinct from that named on page 270, yours being apparently a 
varietal form of R. Veitchianum, and your plant with ninety trusses of 
flowers must be very effective While Rhododendrons can be kept healthy 
in the same pots for several years, with good attention in watering and 
using gentle stimulants, also by occasional top-dressings of fresh soil, 
removing some of the old, still the plants must be shrfted from time to 
time for the production of la-ge specimens. When repotting is necessary 
•or dfs'rable, this depending on the condition of the plants and roots, it may 
be done a week or two after the faded flowers are removed, keeping the 
plants cool in the meantime, so as not to force fresh growth rapidly. It is 
of great importance that the ball of old soil be moist, wdtbout being exces¬ 
sively wet, at the time of shifting, and that the soil to be used be sufficiently 
moist for compression. It must be made as firm as the old, otherwise the 
waier given will drain from the roots into the fresh soil, and the plant must 
suffer accordingly. Great care and sound judgment must be exercised in 
watering after repotting, as if the new soil is permitted to got too dry on 
the one hand before water is given, or is kept too wet on the other, fresh 
roots will cot take possession of it with that freedom that is desirable for 
promoting healthy growth. Cuttings of half-ripe wood inserted in sand 
over a layer of firm peat under bellglasseB, kept moist and shaded, in 
gentle heat, emit roots, though not very quickly. Plan's are alsp increased 
by grafting on stocks of commoner kinds raised from cuttings, layers, or 
seed. 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, not 
varieties that have originated from seed and termed floriste’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly damp moss or Boft green leaves form the best packing, dry 
cotton wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
( J . IF.).—We do not undertake to name varieties of florists’ flowers, but 
on'y species of plants, and the Rose you have sent is not a species. Beside 1 , 
no one could name a bio am so much expanded as yours wa3 on its arrival, 
the petals falling off as soon as the box was opened, though you had placed 
a lit la moss round the stem. (H. E. W.). —2, Adiantum pedatum. 3, An 
Eiythrina, probably Crista-Galli, but we cannot be certain in the absence 
of flowers. The others were insufficient for determination. ( H . May .).— 
Forsythia Fortunei. (J. C.). —Tli9 shrub is Ribes aureum ; the Dendro- 
b’um we have rot been able to determine, as it suffered somewhat iu 
transit. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— April 27th. 
Business improving, and with good supplies all classes of goods are 
readily cleared. Seme good samples of new Grapes to hand. 
FRUIT. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
?. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Apple?, .4 sieve. 
2 
0 
to 5 
0 
Orange?, par 100 .. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
.. Nova Scotia and 
Peaches, dozen .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Canada, barrel 10 
0 
13 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
9 
Cberrlep, i sieve .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pine Apple?, English, 
1 
Cobs, 100 lbs. 
60 
0 
55 
0 
per fb. 
6 
2 
0 
Fig?, dozen . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Plump, £ sieve. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
St. Michael Pine®, each 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Lenionp, case. 
10 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 
3 
0 
G 
0 
Melor, each . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
p. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Artichokes-, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
to 2 
0 
Lettuce, dozen .. .. 
l 
0 to 1 
6 
Asparagus, bundle .. 
8 
0 
12 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
6 
1 
O 
Beans, Kidney, per It. .. 
1 
s 
, 0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 
0 
2 
0 
6 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Onion?, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
8 
Broccoli, bundle 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parslev, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Brussels Sprout?, 1 sieve 
0 
0 
0 
G 
Parsnip?, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
8 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
I 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Capsicum?, per 100 
1 
6 
2 
0 
„ Kidney, i er cwt. 
4 
0 
0 
0 
Carrot?, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Cauliflower?, dozen 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafv, bundle .. ,. 
1 
0 
1 
8 
Celery, bundle 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Scorzonera, bund’e 
1 
6 
0 
0 
ColewortF, doz. bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Scakale, basket .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumber?, each ,. .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Shallot?, per lb. 
Spinach, bushel .. .. 
0 
s 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Herb?, bunch. 
0 
2 
0 
6 
Tomatoc?, per lb. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Leek?, bunch. 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
P. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
9 
0 to 18 
0 
Fuchsia, dozen. 
9 
0 to 12 
Arbor vitEe(golden) dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Genista, dozen. 
8 
0 
ii 
0 
„ (common), dozen.. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
HydraDgea, dozen .. .. 
10 
0 
12 
0 
Azalea, dozen. 
18 
0 
8G 
0 
Lilies Valley, dozen 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Begonia?, dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Cineraria, dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
• 8 
0 
Mignonette, dozen .. .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen .. .. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Draceena terminalis, doz. 
30 
0 
60 
0 
Palms, in var., each 
Pelargoniums, dozen 
2 
6 
21 
0 
„ viridis, dozen.. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Erica, various, dozen 
18 
0 
42 
0 
„ scarlet, dozen 
Primula sinensip, dozen.. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Euonymus, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
Fern?, in variety, dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Solanr m3, dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
12 
12 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Spiraea, dozen. 
9 
0 
0 
Ficus elastica, each 
i 
6 
7 
0 
Tulips, per dozen pots .. 
G 
0 
9 
0 
Foliage Plants, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Abutilon?, 12 bunches .. 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Lily of Valley, 12 sprays 
0 
9 
to 1 
0 
Aram Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Marguerites, 12 buuches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. .. 
0 
6 
i 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Bouvardiae, bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
i 
0 
Narciss, 12 bnnebes 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Camellia?, blooms .. .. 
1 
8 
4 
0 
„ White. English, bch. 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Carnation?, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
8 
0 
0 
9 
1 
0 
„ 12bunohes.. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
Parme Violets (French) 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Chrysanthemums, 12 
2 
6 
8 
fi 
bunches 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Poinaettia, 12 blooms .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cornflower, 12 bunches .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Primroses, 12 bunobes .. 
,. white 12 bunches 
0 
6 
0 
8 
Cyclamen, 12 blooms 
0 
4 
0 
9 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Daffodils, var., doz. bchs 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Primula (single), bunch.. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ (double), bunch .. 
0 
9 
l 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
i 
6 
S 
0 
Roses, 12 bunches .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Hyacinths, Roman, 12 
,, (indoor), dozen 
1 
0 
2 
6 
sprays 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ Tea, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
„ Dutch, per 
,, red dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
box 
1 
6 
6 
0 
Stephanotis, 12 sprays .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Lapageria, white, 12 blms. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Tropfeolum, 12 bunches 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Lilinm longiflorum, 12 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
blooms. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Tulips, dozen blooms .. 
0 
6 
i 
0 
Lilac (white), French, 
Violets, 12 bunches.. .. 
„ Czar, French, bunch 
0 
4 
0 
« 
bunch . 
4 
0 
7 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
THE AGRICULTURAL DEPRESSION. 
Where to turn, what to do, liow to meet the down¬ 
ward tendency of prices for farm produce, is a problem 
which many a British fanner has in vain tried to solve ol 
late. Farming as so many were without sufficient capital 
