May 11, 1887. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTACE GARDENER. 
387 
Possibly Surface Toots are not very abundant, and th* soil maybe deficient 
in the mineral elements that Vines require to be well sustained. 
Zonal Pelargoniums for Winter and Summer (E. F .)'.—There is not 
a marked difference in the flowering periods of Zonal Pelargoniums, and 
they can be grown to flower at any time according to the system adopted. 
Hie following, however, are all good for winter flowering, and have been 
eelected from Mr. Cannell’s collection. Singles: dark and crimson—Mr. 
H. Cannell and Raphael; scarlets—Ajax and C. H Swinstead; orange or 
salmon—Swanley Gem and Lady Chesterfield ; pink—Edith George and 
Lurydice; white—Queen of the Belgians and Eureka. Doubles: F. V. 
IIaspail, scarlet ; Lord Derby, pink ; Blanche perfects, white ; Black 
Knight, crimson. Other good varieties for later flowering are Kentish 
hire, scarlet ; Mrs. Robertson, bright pink, white centre; Ferdinand 
( lmffolte, magenta; Mrs. Holford, salmon-pink, all singles; with La 
^ ygne, white, and Spade Guinea, orange-scarlet, amongst doubles. You 
shoold have stated the number requir d. 
Arranging Carpet Bed {Merchant). — Assuming the Mesembryanthe- 
mum is M. cordifolium vnriegatum we do not think the outer panels 
would look well planted with it and edged with Golden Feather, nor do we 
think the centre of the central panel would be improved by the Golden 
heather as suggested. An alternative arrangement is submitted for your 
consideration. Central panel—Alternantheras with a Centaurea in the 
centre, the Altemanthera encircled with a thin ring of Golden Feather, 
and this margined with a line of very dwarf Lobelia ; continue the margin 
round panels 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13, which fill with Mesembryantliemum, 
the outer panels, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, Alternantheras margined with Ceras- 
tium. If your Lobelia in too tall for edging the '■ ray ” you can reverse the 
order of the two plants. The weakness of your plan rests, however, we think, 
in the proposed method of planting the six outer panels. The diameter 
of tho bed should have been stated. 
Blood as Manure ( Surrey Vallep). —In order to derive the most 
benefit from blood as a manure in liquid form it must be used fresh, or it 
will soon coagulate and speedily decompose, whereby ammonia is formed 
and consequently lost. To the 3(5 gallons of water you may add 2 gallons^ 
of blood, mixing it at once and using directly, so that the decomposition 
may take place in the soil, and bo available as plant food. The active 
principle of blood as manure is nitrogen and its numerous salts, which 
form bases for the formation of nitrates. In the liquid form it may be 
applied at every alternate watering, or two or three tunes a week. It is, 
however, best mixed with dry earth, and in this form it will keep for a 
long time without loss from decomposition. About six times th ■ quantity 
of soil as of blood is necessary, and a good handful per square yard a 
proper quantity to apply as a surface-dressing. 
China Asters (F. J ).—As you have plenty of leaf mould and little or no 
stable manure, the soil of your garden being rather light, we think you 
might succeed in growing Asters very well, planting stout plants, not 
drawn-up weaklings that are so common, after dipping them in a solution of 
soft-soap and tobacco water for destroying any insects there may r beon them, 
and preventing the attacks of others. A day or two before planting wo 
should give the ground a soaking with guano water at the strength of 2 ozs. 
per gallon, pouring half a gallon on each square foot. After planting, 
mulch with leaf mould, with which keep the ground well covered during 
the summer. For the first week or ten days, or until the plants start grow¬ 
ing, sprinkle and water them with pure water, after that pour guano water 
between them, not on the foliage, at the strength of 1 oz. to the gallon as 
often as it may be needed for keeping the ground moist. Pure water 
applied to tho foliage freely with the syringe on the evenings of warm days 
will also be beneficial to the plants. On the first appearance of an insect 
dust the plants when wet with tobacco powder. We have had a fine late 
display of Asters by sowing seed the second week in May in rich free soil 
kept uniformly moist. 
Vines Leaves Scorched (Hambledon ).—The unfortunate condition of 
your Vines is not due to any kind of insects, but to scorching, which would 
not have occurred if the leaves had not been so destitute of tissue. We 
have not often seen more flimsy and essentially imperfect foliage. Such 
leaves are bound to be scorched at the edges in an hour after a few dull 
days, and to decay near the leafstalks if the house is damp and the tem¬ 
perature low at night. The medium in which the roots are working is 
destitute of lime and potash. We suspect they have penetrated the sub¬ 
soil, and in that case should be lifted at the pr >per time, or other measures 
taken to induce the abundant production of fibrous roots in good firm soil 
near the surface of the border. A marked improvement in the texture of 
the foliage would then soon be apparent, scorching would cease under good 
management, and better Grapes follow. The state of the foliage is simply 
an expression of the-evil at the roots. Dry surface soil in summer causes 
the roots of Vines to descend into the subsoil because it is moist, or in 
other words, they will leave good soil if it be dry, for bad if it be damp ; 
overcrowding of the growths is also fatal to the development of healthy 
leaves. At present you might try the effect of a good soaking of lime water, 
also give liberal applications of liquid manure during the season. 
Names of Fruits. —The names and addresses of senders of fruit to be 
named must in all cases he enclosed with the specimens, whether letters 
referring to the fruit are sent by post or not. The names are not neces¬ 
sarily required for publication, initals sufficing for that. Only six speci¬ 
mens can be named at once, and beyond that number cannot be preserved. 
— (11. J. Casein). —Nos. 1 and 3 we cannot identify; 2, is no doubt Bossom. 
It is getting late now for the identification of Apples. 
Names of Plants.—We onlv undertake to name species of plants, not 
varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
IToweiing specimens are necessary of How ring plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry 
cotton wool the worst. Not more than sixspecimens can be named at once. 
— (R.L. E. O.) —Not known; very much resembles an Haworthia. It 
.should have been accompanied by a leaf. (J. J. S.) —1, Oneidium pumi- 
lum. 2, Aly-sum saxatile. (Pen and Ink). —1, Epimedium alpinum. 
2, Too much withered to be recognised. 
Swarming and Section* (R. C .).—A hive containing only four frames 
1-i by 81 is f ir too small; at least eight more frames must be given as the 
bees increase in number. You have little chance of securing both a swarm 
and section honey. If you wish to introduce a young queen it will be 
better to procure one. In June most bee-keepers will sell young queens 
at a low price. You will thus not need to take a swarm •* in order to have 
a young queen in the hive," and may hope with judicious management to 
obtain a good yield of section honey. We are sorry to hear that your hive 
was blown over, as such a catastrophe would entail serious loss. Strong 
stocks in full-sized hives are most profitable, and cause least anxiety. 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET.— May 11th. 
Th.vde good this week, and with full supplies prices have been main¬ 
tained. 
FROIT. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
P. 
d. 
B. 
d. 
Apple?, \ sieve.. 
2 
0 
to 5 
0 
Oranges, par 100 .. .. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
„ Nova Sootia and 
Peaches, dozt n .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cauada, barrel 10 
0 
11 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Cherries, $ sieve .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pine Apples, English, 
Cobs, 100 lbs. 
00 
0 
53 
0 
per lb. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
Fig?, dozen . 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Plums, J sieve. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
G rape?, per lb. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
St. Michael Pine°, each 
2 
0 
5 
0 
Lemons, case. 
10 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 
3 
0 
G 
0 
Melon, each . 
5 
0 
6 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Artichoke?, dozen .. 
l 
0 
to 2 
0 
Lettuce, dozen .. .. 
l 
0 
to 1 
6 
Asparagus, bundle .. .. 
8 
0 
. 18 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
6 
l 
0 
Beans, Kiduev, per lb. .. 
i 
3 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 
0 
2 
0 
6 
Best, Red, dozen .. .. 
i 
0 
2 
0 
Ouion c , bunch. 
0 
8 
0 
G 
Broccoli, bundle .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Brussels Sprout*, .j sieve 
0 
0 
0 
j 9 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt... ,. 
4 
0 
6 
(J 
Capsicum?, per 100 
1 
0 
S 
0 
„ kidney, per cwf. 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
4 
0 
0 
0 
Carrots, buneb .. .. 
0 
4 
*0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Cauliflower?, dozen 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Salsaty, bundle .. .. 
I 
0 
1 
K 
Celery, bundle .. .. 
1 
8 
2 
0 
Scorzouera, bundle 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Colewort?, doz. bunches 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Soakale, basket .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Cucumber?, each .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Shallots, per lb . 
0 
5 
0 
U 
Endive, dozen . 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. .. 
8 
0 
4 
(1 
Hero?, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomato;;?, per lb .. .. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Leek?, bunch . 
0 
8 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. •• 
0 
4 
0 
6 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
R. 
d. 
R. 
a. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 
9 
0 to 18 
0 
Fuchsia, dozen . 
6 
0 to 10 
0 
Arbor vitse(golden) dozen 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Genista, dozen. 
8 
0 
12 
0 
,, (common), dozen.. 
6 
0 
13 
0 
Hydrangea, dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
13 
0 
Azalea, dozen. 
18 
0 
SG 
0 
Lilies Valley, dozen 
9 
0 
18 
(l 
Begonias, dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
13 
0 
Cineraria, dozen .. 
4 
0 
8 
0 
MignoLette, dozen .. .. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Cyclamen, dozen .. .. 
1 2 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, doz. 
so 
0 
60 
0 
Palms, in var., each 
Pelargoniums, dozen 
a 
6 
SI 
0 
t , viridis, dozen.. 
12 
0 
24 
0 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Erica, various, dozen 
18 
0 
42 
0 
„ scarlet, dozen 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Euonymus, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Primula sinensi?, dozen.. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
21 
0 
Solanrms, dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Fern?, in variety, dozen 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Spinei, dozen. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Ficus elastica, each 
i 
6 
7 
0 
Tulips, per dozen pots .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Foliage Plants, var., each 
3 
.0 
10 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Abntilons, 12 bnnebes .. 
2 
0 to 4 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunohes 
2 
0 to 6 
0 
Anemones, 12 bunches .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Narci?s, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Aralea, 12 sprays .. .. 
0 
6 
i 
0 
„ White, English, bch. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trasses 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Camellia?, blooms .. .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
8 
0 
Parme Violets (French) 
2 
6 
8 
6 
„ 12 bunches.. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Poinsettia, 12 blooms .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cornflower,!2 bundles .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Primroses, 12 bnnehes .. 
0 
6 
0 
H 
Cyclamen, 12 blooms 
0 
4 
0 
9 
„ white 12 bnnehes 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Daffodils, var., doz. bchs 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Primula (single), bunch.. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Eucharis, dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ (double), bunch .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Gardenias, 12 blooms .. 
1 
c 
3 
0 
Ranunculus, 12 bunches 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Hyacinths, Roman, 12 
Roses, 12 bunches .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
sprays 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ (indoor), dozen 
0 
9 
1 
6 
„ Dntcb, par 
„ Tea, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
8 
0 
box 
1 
0 
3 
0 
„ red dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Lapageria, white, 12 blm?. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Stephanotis, 12 sprays .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Liliurn loQgifloruin, 12 
Tropeeolum, 12 bunches 
1 
0 
2 
n 
blooms. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Li ao (white), French, 
Tulips, dozen blooms .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
bunch . 
4 
0 
7 
0 
Violets, 12 bunches.. .. 
0 
4 
0 
0 
Li’y of Valley, 12 sprays 
0 
9 
1 
0 
„ Czar, French, bnnch 
0 
0 
0 
0 
PIGS. 
By cleanliness in the management of pigs it may be 
well to mention that we mean a wholesome dietary as 
well as an absence of filth in the stys. Fed upon corn, 
milk, and vegetables, and kept in a clean sty with plenty 
