Jane S, 1887. ] 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
453 
October or November, or ns early in the spring as the season will allow, 
but not later than April. In the west of England, assisted by their genial 
climate, they plant on the shortest and take up on the longest day. They 
are either to be inserted in drills or by a blunt dibble 8 inches apart each 
way, not buried entirely, but the top of the offset just level with the 
surface. Mr. Maher, wfieu gardener at Arundel Castle, placed the sets 
on the surface, covering them with leaf mould, rotten dung, or other light 
compost. The beds they are grown in are better not more than 1 feet 
wide for the convenience of cultivation. The practice of earthing over 
them when the stems have grown up is unnatural, and by so doing the 
bulbs are blanched and prevented ripening perfectly, on which their 
keeping so much depends. So far from following this plan, Mr. Wedge- 
wood of Betley recommends the earth always to be cleared away down to 
the ring from whence the fibres spring as soon as the leaves have attained 
their full size and begin to be brown at the top, to that a kind of basin is 
formed round the bulb. As soon as they vegetate they intimate the 
number of offsets that will be produced by showing a shoot for each. 
They attain their full growth towards the end of July, and become com¬ 
pletely ripe early in September. For immediate use they may be taken 
up as they ripen; but for keeping, a little before they attain perfect 
maturity. 
Names of Plants.—We orlv undertake to name species of plants, not 
varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly damp moss or soft green leaves form the best packing, dry 
cotton wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named at once. 
(A. W. K .). —Celsia Arcturus. (J. J. T , Herts). —The shrub is Cerasus 
Mahaleb ; the seedling is too immature to be recognised, perhaps it is a 
Delphinium. (C. H. S.). —1, Insufficient; 2, Hebeclinium ianthinum; 
3, I’teris umbrosa : 4. Cnmpyloneuron angusiifolium ; 5, Begonia ferru- 
ginea ; 6, Selaginella Willdenovi. 
COVENT GARDEN MARKET. —June 1st. 
No alteration. Business steady. 
FRUIT. 
Nova Scotia and 
Cherries, J sieve 
Grapes, per tb. 
s. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
P. 
a. 
B. 
d. 
2 
0 
to 5 
0 
Oranges, per 100 .. .. 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Peaches, dozen .. .. 
15 
0 
u 
0 
10 
0 
13 
0 
Pears, dozen. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Pine Apples, English, 
50 
0 
55 
0 
per lb. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
6 
0 
8 
0 
Plums, j sieve. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
2 
6 
4 
0 
St. Michael Pine*, each 
2 
0 
5 
0 
10 
0 
15 
0 
Strawberries, per lb. 
8 
0 
6 
0 
3 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d. 
Artichokes, dozen .. .. 1 
0 
to 2 
0 
Lettuce, dozen .. .. 
l 
0 tc 
i 
6 
Asparagus, bundle .. .. 1 
6 
4 
0 
Mushrooms, punnet 
0 
8 
l 
0 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 1 
S 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punt. 
0 
2 
0 
6 
Beet, Red, dozen .. .. 1 
0 
8 
0 
Ouione, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
6 
Broccoli, bundle .. .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
8 
0 
Brussels Sprouts, J sieve 0 
0 
0 
0 
Parsnips, dozen .. .. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Cabbage, dozen .. ,. I 
6 
0 
0 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
4 
0 
5 
0 
Capsicums, per 100 .. 1 
6 
2 
0 
„ Kidnov, ter cwt. 
4 
0 
0 
0 
Carrot?, bunch ,. ,. 0 
4 
0 
0 
Rhubarb, bundle .. .. 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Cauliflower?, dozen .. 3 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle .. 
i 
0 
1 
6 
Celery, bundle .. .. 1 
6 
2 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle 
i 
6 
0 
0 
Coleworte, dcz. bunches 2 
0 
4 
0 
Soakale, basket .. .. 
1 
8 
0 
0 
Cucumbers, each .. .. 0 
4 
0 
6 
Shallots, per tb. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen. 1 
0 
2 
0 
Spinach, bushel .. 
8 
0 
4 
0 
Hero?, bunch. 0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes, per fb. 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Leeks, bunch. 0 
3 
0 
4 
Turnips, bunch .. .. 
0 
4 
0 
8 
PLANTS IN POTS. 
P. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
a. 
Aralia Sieboldi, dozen .. 8 
0 to 12 
0 
Fuchsia, dozen. 
6 
0 to 
9 
0 
Arbor vitse (golden) dozen 6 
0 
9 
0 
Genista, dozen. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
,. (coaimon), dozen.. 6 
0 
12 
0 
Geranium (Ivy), dozen .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Azalea, dozen. 18 
0 
SO 
0 
Hydrangea, dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
12 
0 
Begonias, dozen .. ,, 4 
0 
9 
0 
Lilies Valley, dozen 
9 
0 
18 
0 
Calceolaria, dozen .. .. 6 
0 
12 
0 
Liiium longiflorum, doz. 
24 
0 
36 
0 
Cineraria, dozen .. .. 4 
0 
8 
0 
Lobelia, dozen. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Dracaena terminals, doz. 30 
0 
60 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen 
6 
0 
12 
0 
„ viridis, dozen.. 12 
0 
24 
0 
Mignonette, dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
9 
0 
Erica, various, dozen .. 13 
0 
42 
0 
Musk, dozen . 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Euctiymus, in var., dozen 6 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
8 
0 
ia 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 6 
0 
24 
0 
Palms, in var., each 
2 
6 
21 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen 4 
0 
18 
0 
Pelargoniums, dozen 
6 
0 
15 
0 
Ficus elastics, each .. 1 
6 
7 
0 
,i scarlet, dozen 
3 
0 
9 
0 
Foliage Plants, var., each 2 
0 
10 
0 
Spirxa, dozen. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
CUT 
FLOWERS. 
P. 
d. 
S. 
a. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
Abut Hons, 12 banchea .. 2 
0 to 4 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches 
2 
0 to 
6 
0 
Anemones, 12 bunches .. 2 
0 
4 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 8 
0 
6 
0 
Myosotis, 12 bunches .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Azalea, 12 sprays .. ,, 0 
6 
1 
0 
Narciss, 12 bunches 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Bluebells. 12 bunches .. 1 
0 
1 
6 
„ White, English, bch. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 0 
6 
1 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 trusses 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Camellias, blooms .. ,, 1 
0 
3 
0 
„ scarlet, 12 trusses 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 1 
0 
2 
0 
Poinsettia, 12 blooms .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
„ 12bnnohes.. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Primroses, 12 bunohes .. 
0 
8 
0 
8 
Cornflower, IS bunches .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
Primula (single), bunch.. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
Cowslipp, 12 bunches .. 0 
6 
1 
0 
f i (double), bnnch .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Buchans, dozen .. .. 4 
O 
6 
0 
Polyanthus, 12 bunches.. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Uarueuias, 12 blooms .. 1 
6 
S 
0 
Ranunculus, 12 bunches 
8 
0 
6 
0 
Hyacinth*, Roman, 12 
Roses, 12 bunches .. .. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
spiays .. 0 
0 
0 
0 
„ (indoor), dozen 
0 
9 
1 
6 
I.xia, 12 bunches .. .. 2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Tea, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
8 
0 
Lapageriu, white, 12 blras. 0 
0 
0 
0 
„ red dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Liiium lougiriorum, 12 
Stephanotis, 12 sprays .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
blooms.3 
0 
6 
0 
Tropajolum, 12 bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Lilac (white), French, 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms .. 
0 
9 
i 
0 
bunch. 4 
0 
7 
0 
Tulips, dozen blooms .. 
0 
9 
0 
4 
Lily ol Valley, 12 sprays 0 
9 
1 
0 
Violets, 12 bunches.. .. 
0 
4 
0 
8 
„ „ 12 bunches 2 
0 
6 
0 
„ Czar, French, bunch 
0 
0 
0 
0 
OUR CEREAL CROPS. 
WHEAT. 
Given land in a high state of cultivation, carefully 
selected seed, and skilful management, it is possible to 
produce a crop of Wheat yielding 40 bushels per acre, 
and a proportionate increase in bulk of straw. If this be 
so, ought vve to rest content with an average of 29 bushels 
per acre ? We answer, Certainly not, and we are not 
speaking without book, for we long ago proved for our 
own guidance that fully 40 bushels an acre could be 
grown even in the thin and naturally poor soil of Sussex 
on the Hastings Sand formation. This was done in two 
ways, and the result in both cases was equally satisfac¬ 
tory, but the cost was infinitely greater in the first instance. 
We may explain that a foul field was left for a long fallow, 
and after it had been ploughed and harrowed repeatedly 
till it was clean, a dressing of lime fresh from the kiln 
was given and ploughed in, and then in due course came 
a heavy dressing of farmyard manure early in the autumn, 
the ploughing-in of which was followed by the growing of 
a selected sample of Square-head Wheat. The crop 
proved a fine one, the yield being upwards of 40 bushels, 
but then it must not be forgotten that a year had been 
lost, and in a fair calculation the rent for the lost or long 
fallow year must be deducted from the returns of the next 
three or four years, according to the system or course in 
force upon a farm under the old system of rotation crops 
and a fallow. 
In the second, and we may add for many years subse¬ 
quently, we used chemical manures under the guidance of 
Professor Jamieson, avoiding the heavy outlay and loss 
involved in the manufacture and use of farmyard manure, 
and obtaining results even superior to any we have 
achieved or met with from the use of farmyard manure. 
The whole matter is one of national importance, and 
we strongly commend it to the notice of local agricultural 
societies. We want more light thrown upon it, and cannot 
insist too strongly upon the high importance of a better 
general knowledge of all that goes to the production 
of the best possible results in Wheat culture. True 
it is that there is a more general inquiry after im¬ 
proved sorts of Wheat, but as we have a'ready explained, 
it is quite in vain to procure the best seed unless we 
bring the land into the best condition for its culture. 
Drainage, cleanliness, and fertility must all have atten¬ 
tion, and yet each detail of culture must be an embodi¬ 
ment of economy with utility. 
We may well inquire why Wheat growing should be 
considered a doubtful matter in the future of farming in 
this country. Living as we do in the heart of the great 
corn-growing district of East Anglia, we know that as 
corn farms fall in they cannot under ordinary circum¬ 
stances be re-let for an higher average rent than 15s. an 
acre. Taking this rent then as our basis, let us make a 
reasonable and fair calculation of what is yet possible in 
Wheat culture— 
£ 
s. 
d. 
Rent per acre. 
. 0 
15 
0 
Taxes and tithes 
. 0 
10 
0 
Manure. 
. 2 
0 
0 
Heed, cultivation, &c. 
. 3 
17 
0 
£ 7 2 0 
