JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE' AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
5 l.i 
[ Jane 23, 1887. 
Taylor for 2 .g-uineas. . Fine specimen Azaleas, Camellias, Allamandas, 
Stephanotis, Bougainvilleas, Ferns, &c., brought equally low figures. 
Every credit is due to.the energetic gardener, Mr. Thornber, for the 
excellent culture the plants have received. 
—— A weitee in “ Vick's Illustrated Magazine ” has the following 
on the Tubeeous-booted Cheevil (Chmrophyllum bulbosum).— 
“ This is a vegetable of comparatively recent introduction. Its roots 
closely resemble a Parsnip in shape, and is of a grey colour, the white 
and mealy flesh tasting something like a Sweet Potato. I, do not think 
that it will ever be cultivated for market purposes to any great extent, 
yet for amateurs I think it is a very desirable addition'to the limited 
list of garden vegetables. It'is equally as hardy as the Parsnip,'and, 
'like it; rnuch improved by frost. It can be cultivated'M"the Carrot and 
Parsnip, and, like them, should be grown in a deep, well enriched, light 
loanfy soil. The seed should be sown thinly in rows 16 inches apart and 
dov&red slightly, and if the ground is at all dry at the'time pf sowing it 
should be well firmed around the seeds. It is advisable to sow early in 
the spring ; in fact, as soon as the ground can be properly prepared, as 
it is very slow to germinate, especially if the weatheSfe becomes hot or 
dry. After the plants are up and strong enough to handle they should ' 
be thinned, so that they stand about 4 inches apart, and after this the 
only care they will require will be to keep them free from weeds until 
Cold weather sets in, when they can be taken up ana -Stored' for winter 
iise. This is best done by placing them in a shallow pit and covering 
with earth to the depth of 18 inches, the roots being piled in a conical * 
form, and in this manner covered so as to throw off water.” 
ON TULIPS. 
[By MR. POLMAN MOOT, of Haarl»m (Holland). Head at a meeting of the Horticultural 
Club, June 14th, 1887.] 
The Tulip derives its name from the Persian word, “ Thoulybau,” turban, 
the eastern head dress much worn in Turkey. Persia, and other eastern 
countries. In Turkey the Tulip is named <; 'Tubilent,” also because of its 
resemblance in shape to tl e head dress there in use. 
According to an ancitn-. writer on this subject, Dioscorides, the name of 
the Tulip must have been Satyriura triphyllum, and also has gone by the 
name of Narciss of Pliny. In Turkey the early sorts go by the name of 
Cafia Lale, and the late-blooming sorts are named Cavala Laic after the 
names of the localities where they mostly grow. ’ 
The Tulip is a bulbous plant, throwing up a single stem of from 4 to 
36 inches, forming its smgle flower at the very top, consisting of six petals 
forming a cup-shaped flower, with its functions for fructification by seed in 
the centre of this cup j they are divided into various classes according to 
their time of blooming and the different characters and nature of colouring 
of each individual class when in bloom. From a book published in the 
Dutch language, printed in Antwerp in the year 1644, by Rembertus 
Dodonseus, a botanist at that time, it is mentioned that the Tulip in former 
ages was known by the name of Pythion, and at that time the wild Tulip 
waB eaten and was used for thickening the milk. Theophrastus, another 
author of past ages, dcc'ares the Tulip to be a very good food, while two 
other authors, Hespecbius, together with Gesner, in their botanical works, 
mention that the oid name has been Satyrium Erythronium, producing only 
a red flower, which was considered at that time a very good eatable bulb. 
The learned gentleman, Gesner, called the Linnaeus of the sixteenth 
century, met with the first Tulip at Augsburg (Germany), in a garden of 
which the Councillor Johan Heinrich Herwart was the proprietor. 
It further appears that the first Tulips were imported into Holland in the 
year 1522 by Augerius Gislenius of Busbecq. born at Commines. in French 
Flandres, and died at St.' Germain, near Rouen, on October 28th, 1592 
which gentleman had been sent out by the Emperor Frederick the First to 
Soliman the Second to Constantinople. This gentleman having travelled 
through a good portion of Asia, brought the Tulip in Holland, having 
collected it in Persia. 
The first Tulip was seen in bloom in Amsterdam at an apothecary’s 
there of Walich Kienwertz, where it was greatly admired by the public 
but Carolus Clusius, a botanist at Utrecht, was the first who occupied him¬ 
self with growing and distributing Tu ips. This gentleman distributed 
Tulips all over Holland, and created a taste for them among the public, 
which led at the time to the neglect of all other flowers. Already at that 
time Tulips were sold at pretty high prices, although not equal to the prices 
in the speculative days later on. At the above-nam d date Tulips were 
known only in two wild-growing sorts, distinguished by the names of Large 
and Small sort, the latter being only in one colour—viz , yellow, and this sort 
is probably the original sort from which our many early Tulip varieties 
have sprung. 
As regards the edible property of our present Tulip bulbs I cannot say 
anything either in their favour or otherwise, as I have never tried them 
myself, and I have only heard of one grower in our neighbourhood who has 
tried them at the time that the Due Van Thil varieties were so abundant 
that they could not be sold, who declared that he could not eat them • but 
perhaps he did not have the proper receipt for their preparation and cook¬ 
ing. Very possibly these bulbs may possess valuable culinary properties 
and if prepared carefully under the able supervision of some lady domestic 
botanist, may iead perhaps to a splendid addition to our cookery, and pro¬ 
duce a deiicious dish hitherto unknown. I can very well understand that 
in the past years when Tulips were only grown in limited quantities, simply 
to satisfy the floricultural fancy of the flowers, there must have been little 
ihducementrto prepare TuPps forthe table at the cost'of hundreds, even if 
t 
jheir delicacy should have been ever so great; but at the present day, when 
hey are grown by millions and can be procured at a small price, a Tulip 
dish might not prove such a very costly or difficult delicacy to bring on the 
table, in case such may be found desirable. 
I should almost presume that some of the fair lady members of our Club 
may feel interested to arrange experiments in this way, when the members 
should certainly feel extremely thankful and happy when they were allowed 
a taste of so novel a dish. 
The classes in which the Tulips are divided are named as follows :— 
a. The single early Tulips, 
b. „ Double early and double late Tulips, 
c. „ Garden or single late Tulips (fancy Tulips), Tulipes d’Amateurs. 
cl. „ Parrot Tulips. 
e. ,, Botanical Tulips. 
The early Tu'ips are again divided according to their tims of flowering, 
of which the single early Due Van Thol Tulips (Tulipa suaveolens) in 
various colours are the very earliest, and are therefore most esteemed for 
early forcing in pots or vases for indoor decorations, when with proper 
treatment these can be had in bloom by Christmas or even earlier. They 
can be had in the following different colours—viz., brilliant scarlet, red with 
golden yellow border, vermilion, crimson, red laced with gold, pure white, 
yellow, rose, purple, rose spotted, orange, and violet. When the above- 
named Due Van Thol Tulips are planted in pots or vases, they prove a very 
beautiful and very early indoor decoration at a season when blooming plants 
are generally very scarce indeed. 
The somewhat later blooming single early Tulips comprise at the 
present date numerous colours, from pure white up to the most intense 
scarlet, and they are highly ornamental if planted in beds in the autumn, 
when early in spring they make a most pleasing and effective show. Their 
beauty for this purpose has become so highly appreciated, and has become 
so much in favour of the general public throughout the civilised world, 
that thousands (even millions) of bulbs are now sent all over the world to 
satisfy the increasing taste for these garden decorations in early spring. 
These early Tulips are the more valuable and appreciated because they 
bloom very early in spring, almost immediately after the severity of the 
winter has left us, being a time too early for planting out the summer 
plants, and thus filling up the period between winter and summer plant¬ 
ing, which, without them, would have to be left without any floral garden 
decoration. At the time when the Tulips have finished blooming and can 
be taken up is just the proper time when summer plants should be 
inserted. , 
The Tulips for garden decoration should be planted in October or 
November, and should be somewhat protected against the severity of 
winter with some covering material such as straw, reeds, or leaves, which, 
however, should be removed immediately when milder weather sets in, as 
otherwise the Tulips get drawn up, and are consequently weakened. 
The early Tulips which are most suitable for the purpose of bedding 
out and bloom pretty well at the same time are the following :— 
Vermilion Brilliant 
Rembrandt 
Belle Alliance 
Artus 
Brutus 
Crimson King 
( Scarlet, crimson, 
( and vermilion. 
Chrysolora 
Canary Bird 
King of Yellows 
Pottebakkar 
Yellow Prince 
Pax Alba 
Pottebakker 
Snowball 
Queen Victoria 
Proserpine 
Adeline 
Cramoisi pourpre 
Epaminondas 
Wouwerman 
Vander Neer 
Panlus Potter 
Moliere 
President Lincoln 
Rose Luisante 
Cottage Maid 
Rose Gris de Lin 
Rosamundi 
Princess Mary Anne 
Keizerskroon 
Duchess of Parma 
Leonardo da Vinci 
Belle Alliance rectified, scarlet and gold 
Bride of Haarlem, 
Duchess of Austria, 
Globe de Rigaut, 
Golden Standard, 
Silver Standard, 
Tulipa Florentina 
Bizard Pronkert 
Prince of Austria 
Yellow Prince 
.Pure yellow. 
Pure white and 
rosy white. 
( Soft rosy red of 
("various shades. 
>Shades of violet. 
Rose and white 
or pink. 
} Red and yellow 
bordered. 
1 
cherry and white 
orange and red 
white and violet 
gold and scarlet 
white and red flamedJ 
Various 
f variegations. 
} Sweet-soented 
Tulips. 
The above-named and many more Tulip sorts are also much used lot 
