92 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
Juy 26,1894. 
wag second, Mr. Goble third, Mr. F. Hooper^fourth, and Mr. J. Walker 
fifth. . i 
The premier Carnation in the show was a superb example of 
J. S. Hedderley, staged by Mr. M. Kowan, who also had the [premier 
Picotee in Muriel. 
Certificates were awarded to Mr. H. G. Smith, 21, Goldsmith Street, 
Drury Lane, for Carnation Jim Smyth, bright scarlet, and to Mr. 
J. Douglas for yellow ground Picotee named Mrs. Douglas. 
THE RIGID TREE POPPY (DENDROMECON RIGIDUM) 
This is a Californian plant, a native of£the dry rocky coast ranges 
from San Diego to Clear Lake, and found most abundantly south of 
Point Conception, and on Santa Kosa Island. The flowers are yellow, 
with all the characters and intensity of colour of a true Poppy. They 
FIG. 14.—DENDROMECON RIGIDUM. 
are terminal on the numerous twiggy branches produced by the straw- 
coloured older wood. It grows from about 3 to 8 feet in height with 
leaves of a bluish colour from 2 to 3 inches long. The two very concave 
sepals, like most members of the order, fall off very early after the 
opening of the flower, which spreads widely in the early hours of the 
day, but assume a more cup-like form after noon. The two forms are 
given in our engraving. The plant is perfectly hardy in England, hut 
somewhat difficult to grow. Discovered in California by Mr. David 
Douglas, it was first grown from seed sent by Mr. W. Lobb to Messrs. 
Veitch & Sons. It is somewhat variable in the character of its leaves, 
and undoubtedly a handsome plant when well grown, a valuable feature 
being the length of time during which flowers are produced. At the 
present time only a few plants are known to exist in England. The 
engraving (fig. 14) has been prepared from a sketch made at Kew. 
1 
^ WOKK.foi\.theWEEi 
HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 
Outdoor Fig'S. —Crowding the current summer shoots is not con¬ 
ducive to securing well-ripened wood for future bearing. Where too 
many are thus placed thin some out entirely, prune a few suitably 
placed to five or six leaves, retaining the rest at full length, nailing or 
tying them in to the wall or trellis. The fruiting shoots are pinched at 
a few leaves above the fruit, such shoots being afterwards cut out when 
the Figs have been gathered, the succession shoots taking their place. 
Strawberries. —Young plants should not be allowed to develop 
runners too freely. Secure a number of the best plantlets early from 
good fruiting plants, the first the runners produce being the best, and, 
as soon as these are rooted, detach the wires from the parent plants, at 
the same time, or previously, cutting away all other runneus. 
Destroying Old Beds .—Directly the fruit is gathered is the best 
time to destroy old beds. It is not profitable to retain exhausted plants 
when fresh beds can be established so easily. The old stools may be 
pared off close to the ground surface, allowed to wither and dry, then 
burning them, spreading the ashes on the land. They may also be cut 
off as digging proceeds, burying them at the bottom of the trench. It is 
not advisable to plant Strawberries again on the same ground, but if 
this cannot be avoided the soil must be very liberally manured, as well 
as deeply dug before planting time arrives. 
Planting Out Forced Plants .—If these have been kept thoroughly 
moist in a cool shady position since the fruit was gathered, the foliage 
will be free from red spider and the growth comparatively healthy. 
Planted out now on a well-manured piece of ground, they will form fine 
crowns for next season’s fruiting outdoors. Have the balls moist 
when planting and sink them just below the surface, making the soil 
firm about them. In dry weather they must have abundance of 
water. Surround each plant with a mulching of manure, which will 
prevent undue evaporation from the vicinity of the roots. 
Filberts and Cob Huts. —Superfluous spray and succulent 
growths now being produced in the interior of trained bushes must 
be removed. They shade the fruitful parts and prevent a circula¬ 
tion of air. Gross growing shoots are usually robbers, and, if allowed to 
extend, soon destroy the balance of the trees. Remove suckers which 
rise freely from the roots, and keep the ground clear of weeds by hoeing 
the soil in dry weather. 
Raspberries. —Cut out the old canes immediately the fruit has 
been cleared off and thin out the weakest of the new growths. Remove 
suckers, planting the strongest elsewhere if more plants are wanted. 
Liquid manure may be beneficially applied between the rows of 
established plants to aid the development of the new canes. In the 
absence of liquid stimulant mulch with good manure and water freely. 
The Raspberry is a gross feeder, therefore its food supplies must be 
liberal to secure heavy crops. 
Thinnlngr Fruit. —The contrast between perfect and ill-shaped 
specimens is now apparent as the fruit is swelling fast. Thin out all 
the deformed and undersized examples of Pears, Apples, and Plums, 
even where the crop may be scanty. The two latter are large enough 
for cooking, though the inferior specimens may not be worth using. 
Watering- Fruit Trees. —Old and free cropping trees ought not 
only to have the fruit freely reduced in numbers, but the trees should be 
further assisted with copious supplies of water and liquid manure, 
especially if growing in light, shallow, and somewhat impoverished soil. 
Moisture and food in reach of the roots improves the size and flavour of 
the fruit, as well as benefiting the trees for the following season. 
Summer Pruning. —Continue shortening to four to six leaves the 
foreright and side shoots on wall, espalier, pyramid, and cordon trees, 
also Red and White Currant bushes, if not already done. Thin out at 
every opportunity much of the wood which crowds the interior of 
Gooseberry bushes, or rests upon the ground. Clear away suckers 
springing from the roots. Plum tree suckers are also very troublesome, 
and need constant attention in digging them up as deeply and cleanly 
as possible. Thin out the current year’s shoots of Morello Cherries, 
training the rest in shortly when the trees have been cleared of fruit 
and the old bearing wood has been cut away. 
Renewing Mulching. —Roots of fruit trees near the surface soon 
absorb the virtues of light manorial mulches, and it may be desirable to 
add more with a view to maintaining coolness and moisture about the 
roots. It does not answer to attract roots near the surface without 
constantly maintaining the soil moist, which is most economically 
effected by half-decayed manure. A light dressing given from time to 
time through the summer shields the roots from the drying effects of 
hot sunshine, at the same time centributing to their support. 
Destroying American Blight. —The woolly aphis, or American 
blight, is prevalent this season on Apple trees. An attempt should be 
made to exterminate some of it at least. The effort may be mostly 
directed to the old wood, where, in nooks and crannies of the bark, the 
insects are found beneath their white fluffy covering. The most 
effectual means of destroying the insects and all traces of them is by the 
aid of a painter’s brush dipped in petroleum and shaken, then applied 
