August 3. 189.. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
117 
Taking Buds of cnrysantbemums—Petroleum for PXealy 
Bug—Cuttings of Bedding Pelargoniums (^Uenri). — 1, It is not too 
early to t»ke the buds of Chrysanthemums, as there is a great difference 
in their showing, it being desirable to have them all “taken” from 
about the 6th of August to the Ist of September. The general stock will, 
as a rule, vary in time of taking from the 10th of August to about that 
date in September, which will give a long succession of bloom. 2, About 
a tablespoonful of petroleum to half a gallon of water is safe for spong¬ 
ing and brushing purposes ; for syringing a wineglassful to 4 gallons 
of water is preferable. Care in either case must be taken to keep the 
mixture thoroughly mixed, otherwise it will damage the plants. It 
must be kept from the roots. The advertised remedies are much handier 
and safer. 3, Bedding Pelargoniums root most satisfactorily inserted in 
sandy soil in the open ground and in the full sun. Put in before or by 
the middle of August they will be well rooted by the end of September, 
when they should be lifted carefully and placed in 3 or 4-inch pots 
(not larger) for the winter. 
Streptocarpus Culture (AT. n."). —Your flower is one of the many 
varieties of Streptocarpus Khexi. They are pretty dwarf growing plants 
and require warm greenhouse treatment. They are readily raised from 
■eeds, and if sown early and grown well they flower at the end of summer. 
Grown indifferently the seedlings may not flower until the second year. 
Propagation is also effected by division in the spring. The plants require 
resting in the winter, not allowing them to become dust dry at the roots, 
but keeping on a rather moist base, where they will receive a little 
moisture without making the soil wet, and the temperature ought not 
to be less than 50°. When growth recommences water should be given 
more freely. They grow well in light rich soil, preferably fibrous loam 
two parts, and one part of leaf soil with a sixth of sand. Seedlings are 
sometimes kept gently moving through the winter from a summer 
sowing of seeds, and these make a fine display the following season. The 
plants do not require a large amount of pot room, and take up little 
space. They are fine for margins to plants of larger growth. We have 
seen them luxuriating planted close to the edge of the path in the 
succulent house at Kew, where they formed an attractive border. 
Ptaenyle for Destroylngr Eelworms (<7. H, ConticK ).— 
1. Phenyle destroys the eel worm attacking Cucumbers, Melons and 
Tomatoes, called Heterodera radicicola, which is not worse to kill, if as 
hard, than Tylenchus devastatrix. This you may readily prove by 
subjecting them to experiment in different solutions and at various 
strengths, watching their movements in their death throes as we have 
for several hours at a stretch. Then you will discover that it is not a 
question of killing the eelworms, for that is easy enough, but of finding 
such substance as will not injure but benefit the plant, which means 
absorption and reaching the eelworms in the tissues of the hosts. If 
phenyle be employed in time, that is, before the female has formed a 
gall for breeding purposes, it will destroy the whole race of eelworms, 
but if the tubercle has formed several coats around the fertilised female 
or females, neither phenyle nor anything else will destroy them without 
at the same time killing the roots, for the eelworms do not live on the 
matter the roots absorb but on the nitrogenised substances elaborated 
in the plants. That is the reason why eelworm infestion is incurable. 
Nevertheless there is a way to overcome that difficulty, which is purely 
physiological and easily effected in perennial plants by simple dressings 
of mineral manures. As remarked, the point is to catch the eelworm 
before it is fertilised, that is, in the soil, therefore instead of attempting 
the cure of badly affected plants the proper thing to do is to disinfect 
the soil or take preventive measures. You mention “ sulphur of carbon,” 
no doubt meaning bisulphide of carbon, which is used for the destruction 
of many root insects on the Continent, in America and elsewhere. It is 
a thin liquid which volatilises at a low temperature, the vapour being 
very destructive to animal life. It is also very inflammable, and should 
never be used near a lamp or fire, nor must the vapour be inhaled by any 
animal, much less mankind. It will not kill eelworm in the root nodules, 
for which we have given reason, but if you make holes with a dibber a foot 
deep and that distance apart, pouring into each a little, say a taWespoonful, 
and at once close up the mouths of the holes securely, which causes the 
fumes to permeate the soil in all directions, you will find that, especially 
in loose or fine soils, it will kill every eelworm outside the root or stem 
nodosities. We do not recommend bisulphide of carbon for any 
purpose but insertion in air-tight receptacles to kill museum pests, and 
only experts can use it safely. 2. The phenyle is not recommended for 
any plants but those of a free growing nature ; but it may safely be 
us^ for all plants liable to attack of eelworm, whether in pots or 
E lanted out. 3. Phenyle is one of the best disinfectants—destructive of 
acterial germs, and very extensively used both in that form and as 
“ carbolic acid,” or creolin. The last and phenyle are non-poisonous, 
and the last in “soluble ” form, which is the only one we advise, is a 
manure, and only such as act in that way, that is, in favour of the 
plant and destructive of the parasites, has any claim to acceptance from 
horticulturists of the present advanced age. Soluble phenyle will not 
kill everything injurious to plants, but it will free the soil of most 
grubs injurious to crops grown for their useful products, and at the 
same time benefit them in their growth, as will also many other 
substances. 4. We do not know the wholesale price of soluble phenyle, 
but it is sold by most druggists, and they would be pleased to quote 
wholesale prices. The reason we mentioned it at all was because we 
came across it cursorily in our experiments on eelworm, and if it can 
be put where that is the pest will soon wriggle itself out of existence. 
Nitrogen is what the eelworm requires for breeding purposes, and it is 
doubtful if it enters the plants for any other purpose, as it can and 
does live on decayed matter in the soil indefinitely. This applies to all 
eelworms. 
Names of Plants.—We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in firm 
boxes. Slightly damp moss, soft green grass, or leaves form the best 
packing, dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named 
at once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often diflScult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(AT. AT.). — Lilium excelsum. (Z). .5.). — Oncidium macranthum. 
^Lanarkshire). —1, C’oprosma Baueriana variegata ; 2, Sida incarnata; 
3, Arbutus hybrida; 4, Symphytum officinale (Comfrey); 5, Hemero- 
callis flava ; 6, Centaurea moschata (Sweet Sultan) ; 7, Eulalia japonica 
variegata. (5. K.). —Collutea arborescens (Bladder Senna). (^Faudel). — 
A form of Lselia elegans. (^Ignoramus). —1, Phlomis fruticosa ; 2, 
Scabiosa ochroleuca ; 3, not yet identified; 4, Linaria flexuosa ; 5, 
Sida incarnata ; 6, Agrimonia odorata. QCynosurus).—ThQ two penny 
stamps for excess postage have not come to hand. 
GARDENERS’ CHARITABLE AND PROVIDENT 
INSTITUTIONS. 
The Gaedenebs’ Royal Benevolent Institution. — Secretary, 
Mr. G. J. Ingram, 50, Parliament Street, London, W.C. 
United Horticultubal Benefit and Provident Society.— 
Secretary, Mr. W. Collins, 9, Martindale Road, Balham, London, S.W. 
Royal Gardeners’ Orphan Fund. — Secretary, Mr. A. F. Barron. 
Royal Horticultural Society’s Gardens, Chiswick, London, W. 
OOVENT garden market.— August 1 st. 
Trade quieting down, the bulk of the soft fruit having been cleared. 
FRUIT. 
fl. 
d. 
a. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
2 
6 
to 5 
6 
Lemons, case . 
10 
Oto 15 
0 
Currants, Biack, half sieve 
3 
0 
3 
6 
Peaches, per doz. 
1 
0 
8 
0 
2 
0 
2 
6 
St. Michael Pines, each .. 
2 
0 
6 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Strawberries per lb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
a. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
a. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
0 
6 
to 0 
9 
Mushrooms, punnet .. .. 
0 
9 to 1 
0 
Beet, Red, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Carrots, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Onions, bushel. 
3 
6 
4 
0 
„ new, bunch .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen ., ,, 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Parsnips, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Celery, bimdle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
2 
0 
4 
6 
Coleworts, dozen bimches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
5 
Cucumbers, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
1 
3 
1 
6 
Shallots, per lb.. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Spinach, bushel,. .. .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Leeks, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes .per lb. 
0 
4 
0 
8 
Lettuce, dozen. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Turnips, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE 
PRICES.—CUT FLOWERS.—Orchid Blooms in variety. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d 
8. 
d. 
a. 
d. 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
1 
6 
to 3 
0 
Orchids, per dozen blooms. 
3 
Oto 12 
0 
Asters (French) per bunch 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Carnations, 12 blooms 
0 
9 
1 
6 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
„ doz. bunches,. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
bunches. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Cornflowers, doz. bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Pinks, various, doz. bnchs. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Orassula, per bunch 
0 
9 
1 
3 
Poppies, various, dozen 
Eucharis, dozen. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
bunches. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
GaiUardia, dozen bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Primula (double), dozen 
Gardenias, per dozen 
1 
0 
4 
0 
sprays . 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Gladiolus, dozen sprays .. 
1 
0 
2 
6 
Pyrethrum, dozen bunches 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Lily of Valley, doz. sprays 
1 
0 
1 
6 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Ditto dozen blooms .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
„ (outdoor), doz. bnchs. 
3 
0 
8 
0 
Lilium longiflorum, per 
„ Tea, white, dozen .. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
dozen. •• •• 
2 
0 
4 
0 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
„ Safrano (English),doz. 
1 
0 
2 
0 
bunches. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
., Mardchal Niel, doz... 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
S tephan itis, dozen sprays 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches .. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Stocks, c.ozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Moss Roses (English), doz. 
Sweet Peas, dozen bunches 
1 
0 
3 
0 
bunches. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms,. .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
Myosotis or Forget-me- 
nets, dozen bunches .. 
1 
6 
2 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
a. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Arbor Vitse (golden) dozen 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Hydrangea, per dozen ,, 
9 
Oto 18 
0 
Arum Lilies, per dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Ivy Geraniums. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Aspidistra, per dozen 
18 
0 
36 
0 
Lilium auratum, doz. pots 12 
0 
18 
0 
Aspidistra, specimen plant 
5 
0 
10 
6 
„ Harrisi, per dozen 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Calceolarias, dozen pots .. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
„ lancifolium, dozen 
Crassula, dozen pots.. .. 
12 
0 
30 
0 
pots. .. 
9 
0 
15 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, per 
Lobelia, per dozen .. .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
dozen. 
18 
0 
42 
0 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Dracaena viridis, dozen .. 
9 
0 
24 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Ericas, per dozen .. .. 
9 
0 
24 
0 
„ yellow, doz. pots 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Euonvmus, var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Mignonette, per doz. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Musk, per dozen. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Ferns, in variety, dozen .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Myrtles, dozen. 
6 
0 
9 
0 
„ (small) per hundred 
Ficus elastica, each .. .. 
4 
1 
0 
0 
8 
7 
0 
6 
Nasturtiums, per dozen .. 
Palms, in var., each .. .. 
1 
1 
6 
0 
4 
15 
0 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 
2 
0 
10 
0 
„ (specimens) .. .. 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Fuchsia, per dozen .. .. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Pelargoniums, per dozen.. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Heliotrope, per dozen 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ scarlet, per doz. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Boots in variety for planting out in boxes or by the dozen. 
