August cO 18r4. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
213 
N’ames of Plants.— We only undertake to name species of plants, 
not varieties that have originated from seed and termed florists’ flowers. 
Flowering specimens are necessary of flowering plants, and Fern fronds 
should bear spores. Specimens should arrive in a fresh state in Arm 
boxes. Slightly damp moss, soft green grass, or leaves form the best 
packing, dry wool the worst. Not more than six specimens can be named 
at once, and the numbers should be visible without untying the ligatures, 
it being often difficult to separate them when the paper is damp. 
(^E. IT.y—Rhus cotinus. (^1. A. A .").—1, Escallonia macrantha; 
2, Kerria japonica ; 3, Lonicera tartarica. (_F. iV.),—1, Rhus cotinus ; 
2, Illicium floridanum ; 3, Lonicera tartarica ; 4, Specimen too withered 
to identify ; 5, Spirma callosa. (IF. U .').—Staphylea pinnata. 
OOVENT GARDEN MARKET.—AUGUST 21)th. 
Mahket steady; no alteration. 
FRUIT. 
B. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
d. 
8. 
(?. 
Apples, per half sieve .... 
1 
6 
to 2 
G 
Peaches, per doz. 
1 
0 
to 6 
0 
Grapes, per lb. 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Plums, half sieve 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Filberts per 100 lbs. 
2i) 
0 
25 
0 
St. Michael Pines, each .. 
2 
0 
G 
0 
Lemons, case . 
10 
0 
1.5 
0 
Strawberries per lb. 
0 
0 
0 
0 
VEGETABLES. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
S. 
d 
Beans, Kidney, per lb. .. 
0 
2 
to 0 
3 
Mushrooms, punnet .. .. 
0 
9 
to 1 
0 
Beet, Red, dosen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Mustard and Cress, punnet 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Oarrots, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
Onions, bushel. 
3 
6 
4 
0 
„ new, bunch .. .. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Parsley, dozen bunches .. 
2 
0 
3 
0 
Cauliflowers, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Parsnips, dozen. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
Celery, bundle . 
1 
0 
1 
3 
Potatoes, per cwt. 
2 
0 
4 
6 
Ooleworts, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Salsafy, bundle. 
1 
0 
1 
5 
Cucumbers, dozen .. .. 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Scorzonera, bundle .. .. 
1 
6 
0 
0 
Endive, dozen . 
1 
3 
1 
G 
Shallots, per lb. .. 
Spinach, bushel. 
0 
3 
0 
0 
Herbs, bunch . 
0 
3 
0 
0 
1 
6 
3 
0 
Leeks, bunch . 
0 
2 
0 
0 
Tomatoes.per lb. 
0 
2 
0 
4 
Lettuce, dozen. 
0 
9 
1 
0 
Turnips, bunch. 
0 
3 
0 
4 
AVERAGE WHOLESALE 
PRICES.- 
■OUT FLOWERS.—Orchid Blooms in variety. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
s. 
i. 8. 
d 
Arum Lilies, 12 blooms .. 
1 
6 
to 3 
0 
Orchids, per dozen blooms 
3 
Oto 12 
0 
Asparagus Fern, per bunch 
1 
0 
2 
G 
Pansies, dozen bunches .. 
Pelargoniums, 12 bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Asters (English) doz. bunch 
3 
0 
G 
0 
4 
0 
6 
0 
„ (French) per bunch 
0 
G 
1 
0 
Pelargoniums, scarlet, doz. 
Bouvardias, bunch .. .. 
Carnations, 12 blooms .. 
0 
6 
1 
0 
bunches. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
0 
6 
1 
6 
Pinks, various, doz. bnchs. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
„ doz. bunches.. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Poppies, various, dozen 
Chrysanthemums „ 
3 
0 
9 
0 
bunches. 
0 
G 
1 
0 
„ doz. blooms 
0 
6 
1 
0 
Primula (double), dozen 
Cornflowers, doz. bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
sprays . 
0 
G 
1 
0 
Dahlias „ 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Pyrethrum, dozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Eucharis, dozen. 
1 
G 
3 
0 
Roses (indoor), dozen 
0 
G 
1 
0 
Gaillardia, dozen bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
„ (outdoor), doz. bnchs. 
3 
C 
8 
0 
Gardenias, per dozen .. 
1 
0 
4 
0 
„ Tea, white, dozen 
0 
G 
1 
G 
Gladiolus, dozen sprays .. 
0 
9 
1 
G 
„ Yellow, dozen .. .. 
„ Safrano (English),doz. 
1 
0 
1 
G 
Lilium longiflorum, per 
1 
0 
2 
U 
dozen . 
2 
0 
4 
0 
., Marechal Niel, doz... 
1 
6 
4 
0 
Maidenhair Fern, dozen 
Smilax, per bunch 
1 
G 
3 
n 
bunches. 
4 
0 
6 
0 
Stephan itis, dozen sprays 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Marguerites, 12 bunches .. 
1 
G 
3 
0 
Stocks, c.ozen bunches 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Mignonette, 12 bunches ,. 
1 
0 
3 
0 
Sweet Peas, dozen bunches 
1 
0 
2 
0 
Myosotis or Forget-me- 
Tuberoses, 12 blooms.. .. 
0 
4 
0 
6 
nots, dozen bunches 
1 
6 
2 
0 
PLANTS 
IN POTS. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
8. 
d. 
Arbor Vitae (golden) dozen 
6 
0 to 12 
0 
Hydrangea, per dozen .. 
9 
Oto 18 
0 
Aspidistra, per dozen 
Aspidistra, specimen plant 
18 
0 
3G 
0 
Ivy Geraniums. 
4 
0 
G 
0 
5 
0 
10 
6 
Lilium auratum. doz. pots 12 
0 
18 
0 
Balsams per dozen .. .. 
3 
0 
G 
0 
„ Harrisi, per dozen 
12 
0 
24 
0 
Calceolarias, dozen pots .. 
3 
0 
G 
0 
„ lancifolium, dozen 
Cockscombs, per dozen .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
pots. 
9 
0 
15 
0 
Coleus, per dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Lycopodiums, per dozen .. 
3 
0 
4 
0 
Dracaena terminalis, dozen 
18 
0 
42 
0 
Marguerite Daisy, dozen .. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
Dracaena viridis, dozen .. 
9 
0 
24 
0 
„ yellow, doz. pots 
6 
0 
10 
0 
Euonymus, var., dozen .. 
6 
0 
18 
0 
Mignonette, per doz. 
3 
0 
6 
0 
Evergreens, in var., dozen 
6 
0 
24 
0 
Myrtles, dozen . 
6 
0 
9 
0 
Perns, in variety, dozen .. 
4 
0 
18 
0 
Nasturtiums, per dozen .. 
1 
6 
4 
0 
,, (small) per hundred 
4 
0 
G 
0 
Palms, in var.. each .. .. 
1 
0 
15 
0 
Ficus eiastica, each .. .. 
1 
0 
7 
G 
„ (specimens) .. .. 
21 
0 
63 
0 
Foliage plants, var., each 
Fuchsia, per dozen .. .. 
2 
0 
10 
0 
Pelargoniums, per dozen.. 
6 
0 
12 
0 
3 
0 
6 
0 
„ sc.irlet, per doz. 
2 
0 
4 
0 
Heliotrope, per dozen 
3 
0 
6 
0 
MIXED FARMING. 
This is an aspect of farm management—perhaps the only 
one—which may be regarded as safe, as calculated to answer, 
because under its influence extremes are avoided, due balance 
and proportion in cropping have attention, judicious changes 
are made with due caution, under the influence of market 
requirements of the growing wants of an ever-increasing popu¬ 
lation, and we may well add under the stress of foreign 
competition. It avoids sweeping reform, yet is prompt to 
adopt any sound method which offers reasonable promise of a 
fair profit from something which it is possible to produce at a 
moderate cost, and without a material change in the general 
cropping of the farm. An initial difficulty in all such changes, 
in the introduction of any novel features, is the avoidance of 
mistakes, and of the vexatious loss of time and money which 
they involve. The wise injunction to consider a field before 
buying it is certainly applicable to all such changes. Mature 
consideration, deliberate change there must be, but if then there 
is a want of practical experience, success full and entire from 
the outset is hardly possible. 
The recent inspection of a farm where an attempt was being 
made to turn some of the land to account in the cultivation 
of vegetables and fruit for market gave rise to a train of thought 
of which this article is an outcome. Help was evidently wanted 
there in the guise of direct information, much of the work 
being of a speculative character, which clearly denoted un¬ 
certainty and the possibility of some practical hints being 
useful. The farm was in the Midlands, and the tenant com¬ 
plained that the Strawberry market was controlled by southern 
growers, and the fruit ripened so late that the market was then 
glutted with K nt, Hampshire, or Cornish Strawberries. This 
is only true in some degree. We have known quite sensa¬ 
tional prices made with Midland grown fruit of that early 
Strawberry Noble, but we advised our friend, whose farm is on 
the southern border of Yorkshire, to plant only such very late 
sorts as Latest of All and Waterloo, or such large sorts as 
Cockscomb and Marguerite, the’two latter for sale in j)unnets. 
We have had Latest of All on trial in Derby hire and Leicester¬ 
shire, and it proves to be a heavy cropper, wh ch this year came 
into bloom so late that it sustained no injui’y from the 
severe frost on May 19th-20th, which destroyed the blo-som of 
so many other sorts. The fruit is large, of fine flavour, and 
such firm texture that it is not bruised so easily as the more 
tender sorts are. 
Of fruit only Strawberries and Raspberries had been tried. 
A common mistake had been made in planting the Raspberries 
too near each other. The proper distance for field 
Raspberries is 18 inches apart in the rows, and the 
rows 5 feet apart. The best sort is Carter’s Prolific with its 
stout canes and heavy crops of large red fruit, which makes 
excellent jam of fine bright colour and flavour. This is worth 
knowing in connection with the culture of field Raspberries- 
We know another sort of which the jam becomes so dull in 
colour soon after it is made that an enterprising fruit farmer 
who makes and sells his own jam has discarded it. No Goose¬ 
berries had been planted, and we advised the planting of 
Whinham’s Industry for the value of its fruit while green, as 
it is ready for picking very early. Crown Bob, Lancashire 
Lad, Whitesmith, and Keepsake are also good market sorts. 
For early ripe fruit Early Sulphur is usually planted, and 
Red Warrington for its late ripe fruit. 
Vegetables were satisfactory and otherwise. Asparagus 
was growing so freely that we strongly urged its extension by 
the acre. We have long held that this wholesome and delicious 
spring vegetable should be cultivated much more extensively 
in this country tlian it is. It commands a price that will bear 
a considerable reduction, and then still afford a handsome 
profit. Mixed soil rich in fertility suits it to perfection. Wet, 
heavy land does not suit it, and must be avoided for this crop. 
We hear occasionally of a glut of Peas and Beans of all kinds, 
of other green vegetables consigned to salesmen which do 
not realise enough money to cover expenses, but never hear 
of enough Asparagus to induce even the costers to offer it at 
popular prices. There are two ways of commencing the culture 
of Asparagus. One to procure two-year-old plants from a 
nursery in spring just when growth begins, the other to sow 
seed, thinning the plants subsequently to 18 inches apart. 
It is just a question of ways and means, of quick returns or of 
waiting. 
