Septe*iber 13,1894. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 
253 
Orchids were not shown in very large numbers, though doubtless 
they were as numerous as could be expected for the time of the year. 
R. J. Measures, Esq., Camberwell, sent a small collection of choice kinds, 
arranged with Maidenhair Ferns. Cypripediums Nandi, lucidum, and 
Charles Canham were noticeable, as also were Cattleya aurea 
chrysotoxa, Lselia Dayana var. delicata, and Masdevallia Measuriana 
(silver Banksian medal). Handsome plants of Lfelia tenebrosa Robert 
Castle, and L. purpurata Mrs. Naylor Ley land were shown by Messrs. 
F. Horsman & Co., Colchester. Mr. Capp, gardener to Sir C. Pigott, 
Bart., Slough, exhibited a collection of cut blooms of Cattleya 
Gaskelliana, in which were included some good forms. 
Mr. R. Johnson, gardener to T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Manchester, 
staged an interesting collection of blooms and plants, including Cattleya 
gigas Countess of Derby, C. minucia, C. Victoria Regina, C. granulosa 
aurea, C. aurea, Lfelia picta, L. Parthenia, and Cypripedium excellens. 
Mr. G. Cragg, gardener to W. L. Walker, Esq., Winchmore Hill, showed 
Cattleyas guttata phoenixcoptera, and guttata Leopold!, while Sir 
Trevor Lawrence, Dorking, sent Odontoglossum aspersum roseum and 
Cattleya Gaskelliana albens odorata. Messrs. F. Sander & Co., St. 
Albans, showed an interesting collection in which were some fine 
Orchids. Ccelogyne Meyeriana, Odontoglossum bictoniense album, Lselia 
Sanderae, Calanthe Laucheana, Pleurothallis Laucheana, Sobralia 
xantholeuca, Cypripedium Maynardi, C. Alice Gayot, and Cattleya 
Gaskelliana virginale may be mentioned as the most prominent. 
The Orchids staged by Messrs. W. L. Lewis & Co., Southgate, made a 
charming display, and comprised Habenaria carnea nivosa, Cattleya 
Gaskelliana J. H. Allen, C. Johnson!, Oncidium tigrinum, O. macran- 
thum, and others (silver Banksian medal). Mr. J. Davis, gardener to 
J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., South Woodford, sent plants of Cypripedium 
Charlesworthi, Glebelands variety, and Cattleya Loddigesi, Glebelands 
variety. A group of Orchids was shown by Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., 
Clapton, in which Cypripediums in variety largely predominated (silver 
Banksian medal). Mr. D. Fairweather, gardener to J. A. Miller, Esq., 
Canterbury, received a first-class certificate for Renanthera coccinea 
(see below). 
Certificates and Awards of Merit. 
Asterf Eynsford Yelloio (H. Cannell & Sons).—This is a quilled variety 
with finely formed medium sized clear yellow flowers (award of merit). 
Cattleya gigas, Countess of Derby (Thomas Statter).—The sepals 
and petals of this liandsome form are creamy white, tbe lip being pure 
yellow veined and edged very rich purple (first-class certificate). 
Cattleya Gaskelliana albens odorata (Sir Trevor Lawrence).—The 
sepal and petals of this handsome Cattleya are white, very faintly 
tinged with rose, the lip being white, flushed purplish rose, with a yellow 
throat veined with white (award of merit). 
Chrysanthemum, Lady Ifitzioigram (fl. a. 3owti ).—This is an early 
free blooming variety with silvery white flowers, having a yellowish 
centre (award of merit). 
Crocosma aurea imjpevialis (Sir Trevor Lawrence).—The flowers of 
this variety are decidedly larger than those of the type, and the colour 
is somewhat richer (first-class certificate). 
Cypripedium Meleore (Jules Hye).—The petals of this hybrid, which 
is the result of a cross between C. bellatulum Marire and barbatum 
grandiflorum, are very broad and dull rosy purple, spotted dark brown 
in colour. The dorsal sepal is of the same shade edged with white, while 
the pouch is a dull reddish purple (first-class certificate). 
Cypripedium Nandi (R. J. Measures).—This is the result of a cross 
between callosum and Tautzianum. The petals have rosy tips spotted 
blackish purple ; the dorsal sepal white, shaded with rose and veined 
green and rose ; lip bright, dark rose veined crimson purple (award of 
merit). 
Dahlia, CannelVs Velvet (H. Cannell & Sons).—This is a small 
flowered Cactus variety, the colour of which is rich crimson tipped with 
magenta (award of merit). 
Dahlia, Mrs. Gordon Shaw (J. Cheal & Sons).—This is a fine decora¬ 
tive variety, with very rich bright crimson-coloured blooms (award of 
merit). 
Lwl'ia Dayana delicata (R. J. Measures).—The sepals and petals of 
this variety are very soft purplish rose, and the lip rich deep purplish 
black with a creamy white throat (award of merit). 
Lcelia Parthenia (Thos. Statter).—This is supposed to be a natural 
hybrid, and is but rarely seen. The sepals and petals are white, very 
faintly tinged with rose, the lip being white veined with rose, and 
having a pale yellow and brown throat (award of merit). 
Nepenthes mixta sanguinea (J. Veitch & Sons).—This variety has 
somewhat larger pitchers than the type, of deep red ground colour 
mottled with brown (first-class certificate). 
Odontoglossum aspersum roseum (Sir Trevor Lawrence).—The sepals 
of this charming Orchid are brown crossed with pale green, the petals 
being rose heavily spotted at the base with brown, while the lip is a 
dull purplish rose (award of merit). 
Renanthera coccinea (J. A. Miller).—The upper sepal and petals of 
this Renanthera are red patched with yellow, the lower sepals rich deep 
red, the lip being scarlet with a white throat (first-class certificate) 
Rose, Queen Mab (Wm. Paul «fe Son).—This is a charming China 
variety, salmon pink in colour, with a yellowish base (award of merit). 
The Lecture. 
The subject for the afternoon meeting was “ Lord Bute’s Vineyards 
in Wales,” on which Mr. A. Pettigrew, F.R.H.S., read with admirable 
clearness a highly interesting paper. Dr. M. T. Masters presiding. The 
paper was in the form of a narrative or history of the work from the 
beginning, about twenty years ago, until the present time. When the 
wine-growing project commenced Mr. Pettigrew said many persons 
predicted failure, and it afforded material for some of the comic papers. 
One of them suggested that if ever wine was produced it would take 
“ four men to drink it—two to hold the victim, and one to pour it down 
his throat; ” another was on much safer ground in saying as “ Mr. 
Pettigrew had commenced the work it might be expected he would not 
carry it out in a pettifogging way.” He certainly has not, for the 
one word descriptive of the whole procedure is “thorough.” 
The Vines were planted in 1875 in 2 feet of light loamy soil on chalk 
on a southern slope sheltered from the north, east and west. They are 
grown 3 feet apart and trained to stakes like Raspberries, topped at the 
height of about 4 feet, and the sub-laterals pinched the same as is done 
in vineries. When the leaves have fallen the canes are cut down to two 
or three buds, leaving mere stumps for producing fruiting growths 
another year. Such in brief is the routine. By far the best variety for 
the object in view is the Gamais Noir. On testing the “must” with the 
saccharometer the specific gravity was found to be 29°, while Royal 
Muscadine grown on the Cardiff Castle wall only showed 6° saccharine. 
The first wine was made in 1877—40 gallons, and rather more the 
following year, but in 1879 the fruit did not ripen, the rainfall of the 
year being upwards of 44 inches. One year’s failure such as that means, 
said Mr. Pettigrew, another failure the following year, for if the fruit 
cannot ripen neither can the wood, and without ripe wood there can be 
no Grapes for wine-making. 
The vintage in 1881 was good, and sold for fiOs. a dozen bottles. 
Dr. Lawson Tait bought much of it, and some of the wine was sold in 
Birmingham last year for 1153. a dozen. The next good vintage was in 
1887, the Jubilee year, 40 hogsheads. This induced Lord Bute to extend 
the plantations. There are now 5 acres of Vines in bearing, and about an 
acre is being added yearly. Only about a dozen hogsheads of wine were 
obtained in the three following years, but in 1893 the yield was the 
largest and best yet obtained, and if the wine realises the usual price, 
the value of the vintage will be £3000. 
The Grapes are pressed, and the whole process of fermentation 
(which takes about twenty-five days), casking and bottling, is carried 
out in the Cardiff Castle gardens by Mr. Pettigrew. The wine has tn 
remain three years in cask and four years in bottle for the quality to be 
developed. In colour the “ Castle Coch ” wine (so branded because the 
first vineyard is near Lord Bute’s old castle of that name) is not unlike 
that of a dark sherry—golden brown ; but the flavour differs wholly 
from that of sherry and port as well. It is in fact, distinct, and the 
wine, of which there were samples on the table, is rich and generous, 
almost resembling a liqueur. Mr. Pettigrew’s experience in the direction 
indicated is unique, and he was listened to with great attention. An 
interesting discussion followed, and a cordial vote of thanks terminated 
the proceedings. 
LILIUM HARRISI (BERMUDA LILY). 
There are few gardeners who are not aware of the great decorative 
value of this plant; in fact for pot culture it is one of the most useful 
Lilies grown. Imported bulbs should be potted as quickly as possible, 
for they soon begin to deteriorate if exposed to the air for any length 
of time. The size of pots used should be in accordance with the size 
and strength of the bulbs. For those of ordinary size 6 to 8-inch pots 
will be large enough for single bulbs. I prefer placing them direct into 
the pots in which the plants are intended to grow and flower, using a 
compost of two parts fibry loam, one part leaf soil, with one part 
rough gritty sand and dried cow manure, made only moderately firm. 
I place the bulb low in the pot, with the crown just out of the soil. This 
allows for an inch or two of top-dressing when required. The pots are 
plunged in cocoa-nut fibre refuse in a cold frame. If the soil used be fairly 
moist no water need be given until there are signs of growth. When 
the plants are a few inches high top-dress with light rich compost, 
securely stake, and remove to a light warm house. Give abundance of 
water at the roots, and keep the plants well syringed overhead, occasion¬ 
ally giving a little liquid manure. 
The greatest pest this beautiful plant is subject to is green fly, which 
must be kept away by the frequent use of tobacco powder or light 
fumigations. Never allow the plants to become dry at the roots, this is 
fatal to any good results. This Lily will bear a considerable amount of 
heat, in fact luxuriates in a moist warm atmosphere. — Hedley 
Warren. 
INSECT PESTS AND DISEASES. 
For the benefit of “ A. D.” (page 201) I may say that I am the person 
responsible for setting up of the “scare,” as he thinks well to call it, 
about the Onion maggot; and after carefully reading his original article, 
I still come to the conclusion that it infers it is wrong, or, to say the 
least, unwise, to set up a “ scare ” about anything, and he goes on to try 
and make his argument good by speaking of several pests of different 
kinds that have disappear^ after a stay of a few years. 
1 do not want to enter into a controversy with “ A. D.” on this subject, 
nor do I wish to deny the “ facts ” that Nature does provide antidotes in 
certain cases. 1 am fully alive to the fact that it is so, but she does 
not supply one in all instances ; and it is for that reason I consider it 
wiser to try and find one for ourselves and save our crops from ruin ; 
