December 27, 1894, 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTACfE GARDENER. 
587 
Gordon, R. Dean, A. T. Ewing, Madame Carnot, and T. Deane were well 
represented. Madame Bullyer is best described as a rich port wine 
colour, florets semi-drooping, good form, medium size. A. Di Moulin 
has incurved florets as they expand, then reflex and twist at the point, 
white, striped faintly with purple, large and good. Beauty of Exmouth 
I never saw in such splendid condition but once, and that was at Exeter 
show, where it surpassed really good specimens of Mdlle. Th^rese Rey in 
the class for six blooms. With Mr. Godfrey the blooms were simply 
perfection. Many more might be named, but space will not permit. 
I have previously alluded to the Grapes that are grown here. The 
vinery, a span-roofed structure, is 85 feet long, 20 feet wide, and 10 feet 
high in the ridge ; the house has one partition. The Vines have been 
planted five years, and for canes of that age I never saw betcer crops of 
iruit, and when we consider the number of varieties in one house. Gros 
Colman had exceptionally large berries of splendid colour, the rods 
carrying from seventeen to twenty bunches each. Mrs. Pince was con¬ 
siderably better than usually seen. Lady Downe’s faultless, Gros Guil¬ 
laume carrying several large bunches ; Alnwick Seedling, Madresfield 
Gourt, Muscat of Alexandria, and Black Hamburgh all growing together, 
and refuting the idea often expressed that so many varieties cannot 
be successfully grown in one house. 
Peaches are well grown, judging from the appearance of the trees, 
which are furnished with thoroughly matured wood. A span-roofed 
wiiii' 
. 
FIG. 102.— CARNATION MISS MARY GODFREY, 
house 40 feet by 16 feet, in divisions, enables Mr. Godfrey to have a 
succession of fruit from June to September. Amsden June and Princess 
of Wales are sorts highly appreciated. The roots of the trees are wholly 
inside. A somewhat novel plan of training the trees is adopted. Each 
tree is furnished with an upright stem, from which main branches grow 
horizontal fashion. From these young shoots are annually trained, 
always from the underneath side of the branches. Mr. Godfrey’s idea is 
that the flow of sap receives a check which prevents the growth of 
vigorous useless shoots. The plan appears to answer admirably. 
Tea Roses, Lilies of the Valley, Roman Hyacinths, Tuberoses, Maiden¬ 
hair Ferns, and Palms are also extensively grown. The Carnations 
flowering so freely during the autumn deserve a special mention. 
Reginald Godfrey, rich salmon rose, extra strong habit; Miss Mary 
Godfrey, purest of whites ; Wilfred Godfrey, apricot, edged and blotched 
with rose. Fortunately the blooms do not burst in the pod in the same 
way that many modern raised kinds do.— E. Molyneux. 
[The accompanying illustration (flg. 102) represents a bloom of 
Carnation Miss Mary Godfrey. It is one of the best winter flowering 
varieties in cultivation, pure white, very fragrant, and, as our corre¬ 
spondent remarks, the pod does not burst. An award of merit has been 
adjudged this Carnation, also its companion variety Reginald Godfrey, 
hy the Royal Horticultural Society, and certificates of merit have been 
■awarded to both varieties by other societies. The engraving has been 
prepared from a photograph kindly sent us by Mr. W. J. Godfrey.] 
HARDY FRDIT GARDEN. 
Prnnlng Outdoor Vines. —Vines on outside walls may now be 
pruned and the rods tied in position. The pruning should be carried 
out judiciously, so as to afford a suflScient number of prominent buds 
on the wood left for the future crop. If on the spur system prune the 
side shoots closely in, so long as doing so will secure plump and pro¬ 
mising round-looking buds ; those of a pointed character are rarely 
fruitful, therefore not suitable. Crowded spurs on the rods ought 
to be thinned out to not less than a foot asunder. It is frequently 
more convenient to train in young canes allowed to extend for that 
purpose with some amount of restriction during summer to plump up 
and perfect the buds upon them. Cut out old bearing wood and train 
in the reserved canes about 2 feet apart wherever room can be found. 
They may be shortened to various lengths according to their strength 
and ripened condition, as well as the space they have to cover. Shoots 
not wanted may be pruned in closely and some cut out entirely. If 
necessary the rods can be dressed with softsoap solution, 3 or 4 ozs. to 
the gallon of water, the older portions having loose bark being well 
brushed with the solution for destroying red spider and probable mildew 
germs. 
Root-prunlne: Pear Trees. —Old espalier, pyramid, or bush- 
trained trees making too much wood, which cannot be induced to be 
fruitful by pruning and thinning, ought to be root-pruned. Cut a 
trench half or wholly round about 3 feet from the stem. All strong descend¬ 
ing roots cut back, as well as those found running horizontally in making 
the trench. The appearance of the trees usually indicates the state the 
roots are in. When the strongest growths are at the top it is certain 
that the tap root and some of the principal main fibres are descending 
straight down into uncongenial subsoil. These must be sought for by 
undermining the ball of roots. When found sever them and cut the 
ends smoothly across. The operation of undermining may be effected 
more easily by widening the trench outwards so as to give more room to 
work. As far as practicable raise the roots to a horizontal position, 
filling in among them some good loamy soil, wood ashes, and manure, 
mixed with the staple material, making the whole firm as introduced, 
which will cause the emission of fibrous roots and eventually improve 
the trees, rendering them capable of bearing fruit. 
Cleanslner Fruit Trees • — The winter season affords a good 
opportunity of cleansing fruit trees of moss and lichens, eggs of insects, 
scale, and American blight. Attacking the enemies of fruit trees when 
the latter are in a dormant state renders the work of riddance more 
effective, as stronger insecticides may be used than when in full 
growth. 
Soda and Potash Solution. —A most reliable dressing, one which 
has been thoroughly tested and proved to be effective in ridding trees 
of various pests and reaching their hiding places as well as thoroughly 
cleansing the bark, consists of the following. It has been previously 
recommended in these pages, and is used by many of the leading fruit 
growers. Half a pound of caustic soda (98 per cent.), half a pound of 
crude commercial potash (also known as pearlash), dissolved and mixed 
in 5 gallons of water, to be applied at a temperature of 120° to 130°, 
using a spraying apparatus, which is the best method of applying the 
mixture. For Apricot, Peach, and Nectarine trees double the quantity 
of water should be used. 
Wash for Walls or Trees. —Nearly equal parts of lime and sulphur 
and half of soot, or say 7 lbs. of lime to 5 lbs. of sulphur and 3J lbs. of 
soot mixed into a paste with soapsuds or softsoap solution, will be 
beneficial to any trees or walls that require a winter dressing. For red 
brick walls it might be coloured with Venetian red. All nail holes and 
bad joinings between the bricks ought to be filled up previously with 
good mortar. Softsoap solution for this wash may be made by dissolving 
a pound of soap in a gallon of hot water. Bring the mixture to the con¬ 
sistency of thin paint, using it warm upon the stems and branches of 
trees infested with moss, lichens, or scale, and hot upon walls. The soft- 
soap solution alone, without the soot, lime, and sulphur, but with a 
wineglassful of methylated spirits of wine to each gallon mixed until 
it forms an emulsion, will destroy scale on Apples, Pears, Gooseberries, 
Currants, and Plums. 
Lime and Limewash. — Simple dustings of lime among the 
branches, and washing the stems and larger branches with fresh 
limewash, soon destroy green growths upon them, though its appear¬ 
ance is rightly unsightly for some time. Soot and clay will tone it 
down to some extent, but the pure lime is the most effective as a 
dressing when used alone. 
Remedies for American Blight. —Gas tar, clay, and water will 
destroy this pest on Apple trees. Take of gas tar and powdered clay a 
pint each. Incorporate together and add a gallon of hot water, thus 
forming a paste, and apply to the affected parts with a brush. Petro¬ 
leum or methylated spirits of wine brushed into holes and crevices in 
