346 
MR. E. P. FRANCE ON DEGENERATIONS WHICH FOLLOW LESIONS 
Degen erations Ohs^rvecl. 
Degeneration could be seen with the naked eye in the crossed pyramidal tracts on 
the right side, in the whole length of the spinal cord. 
Internal Capsule. —There are many degenerated fibres to be seen with the micro¬ 
scope, in a horizontal section, scattered about posterior to the knee. 
(The midbrain, pons, a,nd medulla of this brain were lost.) 
Sjnnal Cord. Cervical Enlargement (fig. 66, Plate 29).—Scattered degeneration, with 
considerable sclerosis, can be seen in the crossed pyramidal tract on the right side, 
having a shape like that seen in the other cases recorded ; it is triangular, with the 
base at the posterior cornu, and extends outwai’ds and forwards, becoming narrower 
till it reaches the surface, wliere it tends to spread out. 
On tlie left side there is a little sclerosis, scattered over a similar area. There are 
also some recently degenerated fibres in the same area, the result, no doubt, of the 
needle operation on the right gyrus fornicatus. 
Dorsal Region. —At the level of the fourth dorsal nerve (fig. 6c) the degeneration 
on the right side does not extend as far forward as in the cervical region, but it covers 
a relatively greater area. 
On the left side there is also some degeneration, but the difference on the two sides 
is very marked. 
At the level of the eighth dorsal nerve the degeneration is less in amount on both 
sides; it lies close to the surface of the cord, and does not extend as far forwards as 
at the level of the fourth dorsal. 
Lumbar Region. —The degeneration in the crossed pyramidal tract is close to the 
surface, and lies in the angle formed by the posterior cornu and circumference of the 
cord. It is much less in amount on the right side than in the dorsal region, and on 
the left can hardly be seen. 
Ca.se 12.'" (Figs. 5a, 56, and 5c.) 
Lesion. —Removal of the right gyrus fornicatus (fig. 5a, Plate 27), with some injury 
to the marginal convolution. 
Residt. —Ansesthesia over the whole left side of the body, partial in some places, 
complete in others. The left forearm retained its sensibility ; the rest of the arm, the 
trunk, and the leg had very little, if any, sensibility. This condition continued for 
seven weeks, with slight and gradual improvement. The leg was slightly paresed. 
At subsequent operations the greater part of the temporal lobe was removed on the 
right side, and the superior temporal gyrus on the left (see Sanger Brown and 
Schafer, ‘Phil. Trans.,’ B, 1888, p. 312, Monkey, No. VIL). 
The animal was killed more than eight months after the first operation. 
* This case of lesion of the gyrus fornicatus is mentioned in a paper by Professor Schafer (“ On 
Sensory Localisations in the Cerebral Cortex”) in ‘ Brain,’ April, 1888. 
