348 
MR. E. P. FRANCE ON DEGENERATIONS WHICH FOLLOW LESIONS 
length of time it Jias been kept in spirit does not seem to affect the staining with 
carmine or aniline blue-black. 
For cutting sections the freezing method has chiefly been used. I have employed 
the celloidin method for particular jjurposes, but the wrinkling which occrms on passing 
large sections through xylol has been found a drawback to the use of this method. 
The following have been used for staining the sections, viz., aniline blue-black,* 
lithium-carmine, Weigert’s and Pal’s processes. Aniline blue-black has given, on 
the whole, the best results in my hands, for I have been able to detect early 
degeneration better than by either Weigert’s or Pal’s methods, and sclerosis equally 
well. It is also better for photographic purposes than any of the others, except Pal’s. 
I have found it better to stain individual sections than to stain in bulk, and, if 
the sections are passed through acidulated water after staining with aniline blue-black, 
the colour and differentiation are improved. 
Lithium-carminet has given good results when used to stain in bulk, the piece being 
kept in the solution for not less than a month. An objection to this stain is that 
it is trying to the eyesight to examine a long series of sections. 
* Aniline blue-black 
Methylated alcohol 
Distilled water . 
2 grm. t Lithium carbonate (sat. sol.) 100 c.c. 
60 c.c. Carmine ....... 5 grm. 
40 c.c. 
