184 
AMBLYPODA 
under the belief that it constituted a distinct order of Mammalia, which, 
however, he did not characterize. Shortly afterward (January, 1873*), I 
gave the first general synopsis of the characters of the species of the group 
then contained in my collection, in which they resemble the Proboscidia, as 
follows: “1. The shortness of the free portion of the nasal bones; 2. The 
malar bone is rod-like, and forms the middle element of the zygomatic arch; 
3. The cervical veidebrse are exceedingly short and transverse; 4. The femur 
is without third trochanter; 5. Its condyles are contracted, and the narrow 
intercondylar fissure is prolonged far forward; 6. The spine of the tibia 
is wanting, and the glenoid cavities separated by a longitudinal keel; 
7. The astragalus is not hourglass-shaped above, but with a uniform face; 
8. The phalanges are short and stout, and represent several toes.” To 
these may be added two external characters, which directly result from the 
osteological, viz: 9. The possession of a proboscis; this is proven by the 
extreme shortness and stoutness of the free portion of the nasal bones, by 
the very short cervical vertebrae, and by the fact that the nasal and pre¬ 
maxillary bones are deeply excavated at their extremities, with surrounding 
osseous eminences for the origin of the muscles of the trunk; 10. The 
extension of the femur below the body, so that the leg was extended with 
the knee below and free from the body, as in Elephants, Monkeys, and 
Men. Other characters common to the Proboscidia and some other Ungulates 
are: 11. The scapula acuminate above the s^nnewitha very short coracoid; 
12. Broad truncate occiput, with widely separated temporal fossae; 13. The 
greatly expanded iliac bones.” 
These characters were adduced in support of the view that these 
animals should be referred to the Proboscidia. Although I have subse¬ 
quently referred them to a new and special order, the above characters 
express the affinities which I claimed for the group, although several of 
them are found not to be common to all the species. Thus the characters 
of the malar bone and cervical vertebrae are not common to all of the 
Pinocerata, while these, with the characters of the femur, are not found in 
the Pantodonta. It was not, however, until a few weeks afterward that I 
* The extra copies of this paper, which contained all except the character num¬ 
ber “ 1 ”, were published January IG. 
