CARNIVORA. 
303 
of tlie ramus is plane at the tubercular teeth, but the dental series is strongly 
curved outward in front of these; the sectorial tooth being oblique in position. 
Hence, the inner face is convex at the sectorial, and slopes obliquely outward 
from the thickening of the lower border at the symphysis upward. The 
anterior mental foramen is below the anterior part of the second premolar, 
and the second foramen is below the posterior border of the third premolar. 
In the sjDecimens of Cams lupus, both wild and domesticated, I find the 
posterior mental foramen to be below the anterior part of the third molar 
when present. The external face of the ramus below the tuberculars is 
quite concave. The anterior border of the masseteric fossa is below the 
second tubercular molar. 
The diastema is very short, and all the teeth of the molar series are 
closely placed, presenting a strong contrast to the appearance presented by 
the C. ursinus. The crowns of the teeth are so broken as to render it im¬ 
possible to state the details of their structure. The posterior tubercular is 
quite small and is one-rooted. The sectorial is as long as the two preced¬ 
ing molars, and is considerably longer than the two tuberculars together. 
Measurements. 
M. 
Length of the piece preserved .. ...... 0.132 
Length of the molar series... 0. 095 
Length of the first tubercular molar... 0. 012 
"Width of the same. 0. 009 
Length of the sectorial molar. 0. 028 
Width of the same. ... 0. 011 
Length of the second premolar. ...! . 0. 012 
Depth of the ramus below the first tubercular molar. ,0. 035 
Greatest thickness of the same at the same point. 0. 017 
Depth of the ramus below the third molar. 0. 031 
Greatest thickness of the same at the same point. 0. 018 
The distinctness of this species may be estimated by comparing, from 
below, the mandibles of C. lupus recent, and C. lupus and C. ursinus extinct 
from the same formation. The ramus of the C. ivlieelerianus is seen to have 
the transverse diameter twice as great as in either of the latter. 
