196 
DR. F. SEMON AND MR. V. HORSLEY ON AN INVESTIGATION 
This combination of physiological relationship in the larynx has not, so far as we 
know, received much attention, we wish, therefore, to lay stress upon the fact that, 
until it has been further investigated, Ave shall not speak dogmatically upon the 
relative degree of representation of the two antagonistic movements in any one point 
of the cortex, but shall content ourselves with giving the results of our work. The 
further consideration naturally arises, that possibly what applies to the peripheral 
mechanism may also be true of the central apparatus, that, in short, the activity of 
the cortical corpuscles in which the representation of adduction exists may be more 
easily extinguished by ether than that of the representation of abduction. Con¬ 
sidering, too, that this implies the earlier abolition of purposive function, it is not so 
fallacious to thus translate peripheral (^.e., nerve ending ?) conditions to a centre. This, 
however, although a question of the utmost interest, does not appear to be capable of 
direct solution until it is j^ossible to difterentiate either anatomically or functionally the 
jmrticular fibres in the pyramidal tracts in which closure or opening are respectively 
represented. 
We hope that the results of excitation of the internal capsule, especially in the Cat, 
vide, infra, will lend some aid in explanation of the difficulty as well as in the special 
examination of Masini’s results for the reasons before given. We have carefully 
noted the effect of varying the strength of the excitation. 
We have always employed the same rate of excitation (viz., 100 per second), since 
we believe that variation in rate is practically the same in effect as variation in 
intensity. 
PvESULTS. 
Cortex. 
General Statements. 
We have dh’ected our attention primarily to the investigation of the representation 
of phonatory laryngeal movements only, but we have not been unmindful of the 
concomitant representation of respiration. This is a point which has already been 
the subject of research, and especially at the hands of FiiANqois Franck. That 
author, as already mentioned in the Historical Retrospect, does not consider that a 
separate cortical apparatus exists for the phonatory and respiratory functions of the 
larynx respectively, but we believe that an extensive series of experiments will 
justify the course we have adopted. 
We moreover think it right to discriminate between the representation of general 
res]3iration and that of the larynx, since we have, on the one hand, obtained 
laryngeal efiects without any concomitant changes in general respiration,'^'' and on the 
other hand, one excitation has often at the same moment induced changes of a 
* Since tLis was written Krause lias stated in the ‘Berliner Klinische "Wochenschrift,’ No. 25, 1890, 
iLat he has observed the same differentiation of representation. 
