OF THE CENTRAL MOTOR INNERVATION OF THE LARYNX. 
205 
adduction can be obtained from almost any point in the front half of the posterior 
limb, and in some cases there is, in addition, diminished abduction as far as the hinder 
end of the lenticular nucleus. 
We are now in a position to discuss further the points postponed in speaking of the 
relative representation of respiration and phonation in the cortex. 
It will be seen that in the capsule we have thus arranged antero-posteriorly the 
fibres subserving portions of the cortex which are placed rather transversely to the 
mesial plane than parallel to it, and that, as might be expected, the acceleration 
which is the highest and most anterior is similarly most anteriorly placed in the 
internal capside. To return now to the polypnoea obtained by exciting these fibres in 
the internal capsule, Ott describes how by using needle electrodes he was enabled in 
the Rabbit and in the Cat to evoke exactly the same polypnoeic condition that we 
produced in the above-mentioned circumstances. He was exciting the fibres, 
according to our view, of the capsule leading from the cortex. The very important 
results which he obtained, and the bearing which these facts have upon heat 
regulation and the pathology of fever will be found in his communication. 
The next point is of course tlie relation which the laryngeal movements thus 
described bear to the other respiratoiy movements. Where we had to do simply 
with the acceleration of the laryngeal movements, of course such acceleration was 
exactly synchronous with acceleration of thoracic respiratory excursions. 
But when the fibres posterior to this were excited, viz., those which produced persis¬ 
tent abductory movements of the vocal cords, then it was noticed that while the larynx 
remained wide open in persistent abduction as long as the excitation lasted, never¬ 
theless the respiratory excursions of the thorax were greatly accelerated ; another 
instance of the differentiation of representation Avhich we have before described. 
Next, when the vocal cords were brought together in adduction, as a rule there was 
some slowing of respiration and frecjuently movements of the opposite fore limb and 
swallowing. 
Epilepsy .—After what has gone before it will be easily understood that we never 
saw epilepsy to occur from excitation of the internal capsule, and that all intrinsic 
laryngeal movements observed were strictly and completely bilateral. 
Medulla oblongata. 
We come now to the consideration of the laryngeal movements produced by 
direct excitation of the medulla oblongata. It will readily be conceded that here 
thei’e is more than usual difficulty in discriminating between those laryngeal 
movements which subserve the process of respiration and those which have to do with 
phonation. We do not propose in the present case to do more than indicate what 
those movements are, and to leave the consideration of the shares which they 
individually possess in serving the two functions before mentioned to another time. 
