162 
U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
a good deal smaller than those on the cheeks’; the inferior edge of the sub-orbital hone being 
free. 
The color is uniform deep crimson red .throughout. The ventrals, dorsal, and anal being 
margined externally with greyish black. The lips appear to have a much deeper, mayhap, 
purple hue, as also the cephalic depressions above alluded to. 
| References to the figures .—Plate XXIY, fig. 1, represents Glyphisodon rubicundus, size of life. 
We have, however, seen larger specimens. Fig. 2 is an ideal section across the line of greatest 
depth of body. Fig. 3, a scale from the dorsal region. Fig. 4, a scale from the lateral line. 
Fig. 5, a scale from the abdominal region. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
No. of 
spec. 
Sex and Locality, 
age. 
When 
collected. 
Whence obtained. 
Nature of 
specimens. 
Collected by— 
484 
2 
1 
Adult.. Monterey, Cal.. 
__ San Diego, Cal_ 
1854 
1857 
Lt. W. P. Trowbridge- 
A Cassidy. _ 
Alcoholic. 
....do_ 
Lt. Trowbridge__ 
A. Cassidy_- 
Family LABRIDAE, Bonap. 
The body is elongated and covered with scales, cycloid in structure, the lateral line being 
either continuous or interrupted behind. There is hut one dorsal fin anteriorly spinous, the 
spines of which being mostly provided with a membranous flap at the posterior edge of their 
upper extremity. Fleshy lips surround the jaws. The pharyngeal bones are provided with 
blunt pavement-like teeth or transverse plates, and the union of the inferior pair takes place 
without leaving any trace of its suture. The fourth gill has hut one branchial comb, and the 
last branchial split behind it is wanting. The accessory gills or pseudo-branchiae are present. 
The stomach has no cul-de-sac ; the pyloric appendages are wanting ; the air bladder is simple. 
Syn. — Labridae, Bonap. Sagg. Distr. Anim. Vert. ]83 1 , 111. —DeKay, New Y. Fauna, IV, 1842, 172.— Stoker, Synops. 
1846, 133. 
Labroideae, Richards. Faun. Bor. Amer. Ill, 1836, 106. 
Labroidei cycloidei, Mull, in Wiegm. Archiv fur Naturg. I, 1843, 305 ; &, I, 1845, 136. 
A species of this family was made known under the name of 
.- Labruspulcher, Ayres, in Proc. Cal. Acad. Nat. Sc. I, 1854, 1, 
hut since no specimens were procured we can offer no description of the same. 
JULIS, Cuv. 
Gen. Char. —Body elongated and compressed. Head moderate, elongated, and sub-conical, scaleless. Mouth small; teeth 
conical, largest in front. Branchial apertures separated under the throat by an isthmus. Spinous portion of dorsal fin generally 
lower than the soft portion. Caudal fin in most instances rounded posteriorly. Scales large ; lateral line nearer the dorsal than 
the abdominal outlines, falling posteriorly so as to reach the middle of the peduncle of the tail. 
Syn. — Julis, Cuv. RSgn. anim. II, 1817, 261; 2d ed. It, 1829 ; &, ed. illustr. Poiss. 196.—Cuv. & Val. Hist. nat. Poiss. XIII, 
1839, 358.— Storer, Synops. 1846, 138.— Dum. Ichthyol. analyt. 1856, 305. 
The Atlantic species of this genus were never met with along the eastern shore of North 
America, hut they seem quite abundant in the warmer waters of the Caribbean sea. 
