FISHES—CYPRINIDAE—MONIANA LEONINA. 
273 
The dorsal and anal fins are well developed; the anterior margin of the dorsal fin is equi¬ 
distant between the extremity of the snout and the base of the caudal fin ; the fin itself is 
quadrangular, higher than long, and composed of eight rays, the last one being double, and the 
anterior one rudimentary and in close contact with the next. The anal is shaped somewhat 
like the dorsal; it has nine developed rays, and an anterior rudimentary one. The caudal is 
deeply furcated, with acute angles, and shorter than the head. It is composed of nineteen well 
developed rays, and several rudimentary ones, above and below. The ventrals are posteriorly 
rounded, composed of eight rays, and when bent backwards their tips reach the anus, which is 
situated immediately in advance of the anal fin. The pectorals are elongated, rather slender, 
rounded ; their tips not quite reaching the insertion of the ventrals. They are composed of 
eleven slender, bifurcated, but not sub-divided, rays. The median rays of the dorsal, caudal, 
anal, and ventrals, are sub-divided for at least one-fourth of their length, the bifurcation of the 
first degree beginning about their middle. Formula of the rays : 
D 1, 7 + 1; A 1, 9 ; C 2, 1, 9, 8, 1, 3 ; Y 8 ; P 11. 
The scales are proportionally large, their posterior, superior, and inferior margins uniformly 
rounded ; anteriorly sub-truncated ; twelve longitudinal rows of them may be counted upon 
the line of the greatest depth of the body, and six rows on the peduncle of the tail. The 
lateral line, which contains thirty-six scales, is considerably bent down on the abdomen, and 
slightly interrupted in advance of the anal fin. 
The ground color, as preserved in alcohol, is dull bluish brown ; the back is bluish ; the 
dorsal fin yellowish brown ; the caudal, pectorals, and ventrals being reddish. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
No. of 
spec. 
Age. 
Locality. 
When col¬ 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
| OrigT 
No. 
Na'ure of 
specimen. 
Collected by— 
104 
5 
Adult. 
Otter creek, tributary to 
North Fork of Red 
river, Arkansas. 
1852 
Capts. R. B. Marcy and 
Geo. B. McClellan. 
Alcoholic . 
Capt. McClellan. 
107 
10 
A.&Y. 
Trib. of Gypsum creek, 
Canadian river. 
1853 
Lt. A. W. Whipple. 
15 
....do .... 
H. B. Mollhausen. 
2. MONIANA LEONINA, Grd. 
Plate LIX, Figs. 6—10. 
Spec. Char. —Body rather short and deep. Head constituting about the fifth of the total length. Snout sub-conical; jaws 
equal; posterior extremity of maxillar bone extending to a vertical line drawn behind the nostrils. The eye is moderate sized; 
its diameter entering four times in the length of the side of the heal. Anterior margin of dorsal equidistant between the tip 
of the snout and the insertion of the caudal. Insertion of ventrals situated slightly in advance of the dorsal. Pectorals and 
ventrals moderately developed. Greyish brown above; white or dull yellowish beneath. 
Syn. —Moniana leonina, Grd. in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. VIII, 1856, 199. 
This is the largest of the hitherto known species of the genus. The entire length measures 
three inches and a quarter, the head forming the fourth of it, the caudal fin excluded. The 
body is very deep upon its middle, where the greatest depth is a little less than the fourth of 
the entire length. The mouth is proportionally small. The eye being circular, its diameter 
entering four times in the length of the side of the head. The dorsal and anal fins are sub- 
35 a 
