298 
U. S. P. R R. EXP. AND SURVEYS—ZOOLOGY—GENERAL REPORT. 
of the caudal than the isthmus ; its own base entering from thirteen to fourteen times in the 
entire length. The origin of the ventrals takes place opposite the anterior margin of the dorsal, 
hence nearer the insertion of the caudal fin than the extremity of the snout. These fins are 
sub-ovate in their outline, posteriorly rounded off, and when leaning on the abdomen their 
extremities do not extend as far as the vent. The pectorals are sub-ovate also, although less 
regularly so than the ventrals. The distance which separates their posterior extremities from 
the insertion of the ventrals is less than their own length. 
D 2, 9 + 1 ; A 2, 8 + 1 ; C 7, 1, 9, 8, 1, 6; V 1, 8; P 16. 
The ground color is olivaceous, the sides and the hack being nearly black or brownish black, 
from the number of confluent maculae and dots. The inferior region is greyish white. The 
fins themselves are blackish upon an olivaceous ground. The sides and upper part of the head 
are likewise brownish black. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. Cor’gNo. 
No. of 
Age. 
Locality. 
When col¬ 
Whence obtained. 
Nature of 
Collected by— 
No. of teeth. 
spec. 
lected. 
specimen. 
236 1 2789 
i 
Adult. 
In a spring in Utah 
1853 
Lt. E. G. Beckwith .. 
Alcoholic. 
Mr. Kreuzfcld._ 
| 
district, near the desert. 
PTYCHOCHEILUS, Agass. 
Gen. Char. —Body elongated, sub-cylindrical, and compressed. Head elongated also ; mouth deeply cleft,‘but no barbels 
upon its angle. The snout overlaps the lower jaw, although the mouth remains horizontal and sub-terminal. The eye is o^ 
moderate size, and so with the isthmus. The ventral fins are inserted somewhat in advance of the anterior margin of the dorsal. 
The caudal is furcated and shorter than the head. The scales are of medium size ; the lateral line being nearly median. The 
pharyngeal bones are long and slender, slightly expanded upon their convexity, with the inferior limb much more slender than 
the upper. The teeth are of the raptatorial kind, of the hooked type without grinding surface, sub-conical, slightly hooked, 
and disposed upon a double series of two and four or five, thus : 2 | 4—4 | 2, or 2 | 5—5 | 2. 
Syn. — Ptychocheilus, Agass. in Amer. Jour, of Sc. 2d Ser. XIX, 1855, 227.— Grd. in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phiiad. VIII, 
1856, 208. 
By their general appearance, the species of this genus remind us of both Mylopharodon and 
Myloclieilus. Besides the cleft of the mouth, which is proportionally greater, they differ from 
the latter two genera by their system of dentition, which belongs to a quite different type. 
I. PTYCHOCHEILUS OKEGONENSIS, Grd. 
Plate LXIY, Figs. 5—9.* 
Spec. Char. —Body sub-fusiform in profile. Head rather small, elongated ; contained four times and a half in the total 
length ; snout slender. Mouth deeply cleft ; posterior extremity of maxillary extending to a vertical line intersecting almost 
the anterior rim of the pupil. Eye of moderate development -, its diameter entering about five times in the length of the side 
of the head. Anterior margin of dorsal fin equidistant between the extremity of the snout and the fork of the caudal. 
Pectoral and ventral fins rather small. Back and upper surface of head dark reddish brown ; flanks and belly white, with a 
silvery tint. 
Syn. — Cyprinus ( Leuciscus ) oregonensis, Richards. Faun. Bor. Amer. Ill, 1836, 305. 
Ptychocheilus gracilis, Agass. & Pick, in Amer. Journ. of Sc. 2d Ser. XIX, 1855, 229. 
Ptychocheilus oregonensis, Grd. in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Phiiad. VIII, 1856, 209. 
*By error on the plate, Ptychocheilus gracilis, Grd. 
