308 
U. S. P R. R. EXP, AND SURVEYS-ZOOLOGY-GENERAL REPORT. 
teeth occupy nearly the whole length of the hone. On the vomer the teeth are but few and 
less conspicuous than any of those above mentioned. The lingual teeth, three in each series, 
are nearly as large as on the lower jaw. The eye is well developed, sub-circular in shape, its 
horizontal diameter being contained about five times in the length of the sides of the head. 
The vertical diameter of the opercle is nearly one-third more than the transversal; that bone 
is broader inferiorly than superiorly. The sub-opercle is half the size of the former. 
The scales are small, sub-elliptical in their horizontal diameter, and imbricated so as to 
conceal half of their surface. The lateral line is formed of very conspicuous tubes, and runs 
along the middle of the flanks, from the thoracic arch to the base of the caudal, in a nearly 
straight line. 
The color, we venture to say, is very much altered on the specimen before us. The upper 
regions seems to indicate a ground of a bluish grey, becoming lighter along the sides, and 
still more so under the abdomen. Over the sides are distributed spots of a yellowish hue in 
the shape of large drops scattered all over from head to tail. Whether these spots extended 
over the head and fins we are at a loss to know under the present circumstances. 
Ste. Mary’s Mission, where the specimen here described was collected, is situated in the 
Flathead valley, upon the upper tributaries of the northern branch of the Columbia river. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. , 
No. of 
| spec. 
Age. 
Locality. 
When 
collected. 
Whence obtained. 
Nature of 
specimen. 
Collected by — 
377 j 
1 
Adult. 
Ste. Mary’s Mission.. 
1853 
Gov. 1.1. Stevens_ 
Alcoholic. 
Dr. Geo. Suckley._ 
FARIO, Yalenc. 
Gen. Char. —Possesses all the characters of the salmons, differing from the latter by the presence of but one row of teeth 
upon the shaft of the vomer. The rest of the bones forming the upper roof of the mouth being toothless. 
Syn. — Fario, Yalenc. in Cuv. Sf Val. Hist. nat. des Poiss. XXI, 1848, 277.— Grd. in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. VIII, 
1856, 218. 
The species of this genus are apparently more numerous in North America than in the Old 
World. The “salmon trout” and the “common trout” of the settlers of Oregon are 
examples of this group. The European “lake trout” belongs to this same type. 
1. FARIO AURORA, Grd. 
Plate LXVIIL 
Spec. Char.— Body fusiform, compressed ; head forming the fourth of the total length, caudal fin excluded. Upper jaw 
longest. Maxillary gently undulating; its posterior extremity extending to a vertical line passing considerably behind the 
entire orbit. Anterior margin of dorsal fin equidistant between the tip of the snout and the base of the caudal. Ground color 
greyish silvery above ; sides and belly yellowish orange ; dorsal fin spotted. 
Syn. —Fario aurora, Grd. in Proc. Acad. nat. Sc. Philad. VIII, 1856, 218. 
Salmo aurora, Grd. MS. 
Red char, Lewis & Clark. 
The specimens upon which our description is based measures something over eleven inches in 
total length. The body is compressed and the back rounded ; the greatest depth, taken in 
