FISHES—CLUPEIDAE-ENGRAULIS. 
333 
We have carefully counted the rays of the fins of the specimens enumerated in the following 
list and found them to be: 
No. 962, 9 . D 3, 9 + 1 ; A 4, 31 + 1; C 4, 1 , 8 , 8 , 1 , 5 ; V 1, 7 ; P 11 . 
No. 962, $ . D 3,10 + 1 ; A 4, 31 + 1 ; C 4, 1 , 8 , 8 , 1 , 5 ; V1, 7 ; P 11 . 
No. 963, $ . D 2,10 4 - 1; A 4, 32 + 1 ; C 4, 1, 8 , 8 , 1, 5 ; V 1, 7 ; P 12. 
No. 965, 9 . D 2, 9 -f 1 ; A 2, 29 4- 1 ; C 4, 1, 8 , 8 , 1, 5 ; V 1, 7 ; PH. 
A female specimen from the northern fork of the Canadian river, collected by Dr. S. W. 
Woodhouse, under Capt. L. Sitgreaves, and numbered 961 in the Smithsonian catalogues, has: 
D 2, 9 4- 1; A 3, 28 4 - 1; C 4, 1, 8 , 8 , 1, 5 ; V 1, 7 ; P 12 . 
These are all the specimens which we have had an opportunity of examining. The one figured 
on the accompanying plate was procured at St. Louis, Mo., and exhibits eighteen longitudinal 
series of scales between the anterior edge of the dorsal fin and the sharp ridge of the abdomen: 
eleven below the lateral line and six above it; an odd series occupying the dorsal region from 
the occiput to the dorsal fin. Moreover, the scales constitute transverse oblique series ; the 
scales themselves being deeper than long, anteriorly uneven, with radiating furrows upon 
their anterior section only. 
The color is yellowish, or whitish, with metallic reflects, somewhat lighter beneath than 
above ; the fins being unicolor of a tint similar to that of the region of the body where they 
are inserted. 
References to the figures .—Plate LXXV, fig. 1, represents Hyodon tergisus, somewhat reduced 
in size. Fig. 2 is a dorsal scale. Fig. 3, a scale from the lateral line. Fig. 4, a scale from 
the abdominal region. 
List of specimens. 
Catal. 
No. 
No. of 
spec. 
Sex and 
age. 
Locality. 
When col¬ 
lected. 
Whence obtained. 
Nature of 
specimen. 
Collected by— 
962 
2 
Adult <y & 9 
St. Louis, Mo_ 
1852 
Dr. George Engelmann 
Alcoholic . 
Dr. Geo. Engelmann.. 
963 
1 
Adult 
Milk river, Upper Mo_ 
1853 
Gov. I. I. Stevens_ 
_do_ 
Dr. George Suckley .. 
964 
2 
Y’ng 
_do_ 
1853 
_do_ 
965 
1 
Adult Q 
Fort Sarpi, Minn_ 
1854 
Col. A. Vaughan_ 
_do_ 
Dr. F. V. Hayden_ 
ENGRAULIS, Cuv. 
Gen. Char. —Body rounded or compressed. Mouth large ; snout protruding beyond the lower jaw. Premaxillaries very 
small, and hidden under the snout. Maxillaries slender, stretching over the cheeks. Small or minute teeth on either jaw, 
extending to the very extremity of the maxillary. A few teeth on the front of vomer. Palatine and pterygoidian teeth 
sometimes reduced to mere asperities. Gill openings very large and continuous under the throat. Branchiostegal membrane 
narrow and hidden under the jaw ; its rays being short and variable in number. Caudal fin furcated. Ventrals very small, 
inserted in advance of the dorsal fin. 
Syn. — Engraulis, Cuv. Regn. Aniin. II, 1817, 174 ; 2d ed. II, 1829 ; &, ed. illustr. Poiss. 278.—Cuv. & Val. Hist. nat. 
Poiss. XXI, 1848, 2 .—Grd. in Gilliss, U. S. N. Astr. Exped. South. Hemisph. II, 1855,247. 
The peculiar structure of the snout, as well as that of the mouth, will strike every one as 
the most characteristic feature of the small Clupeoids which constitutes this genus. The head, 
which is very elongated in some species, is short in others. 
