Woodworth.] 
198 
Vcb. 7, 
Terminals of eskers 
210 
Lineal relations of eskers 
211 
Relation of eskers to existing 
water courses 
212 
Esker ponds and swamps 
. 
213 
Eskers and glacial lobes . 
214 
Eskers used as roads 
215 
Classification of eskers 
216 
Theories 
217 
Conclusions 
• 
219 
Introduction. 
This paper includes little more than a brief discussion of 
certain eskers from the point of view of the bearing of their topo- 
graphy and distribution on the question of their genesis. 
Their structure is jnainly neglected for the reason that by far the 
greater number of eskei's remote from the larger towns aie not 
exposed by artificial sections. The few opportunities to examine 
the arrangement and nature of the detritus of eskers have afforded 
no facts which have not been previously described and commented 
upon in the writings of Stone, Upham, and Davis. The obser- 
vations have been drawn from field work on the following named 
atlas sheets lying within the three States, Massachusetts, Rhode 
Island, and Connecticut: Boston, Dedham, Providence, Fall 
River, Abington, Barre, Brookfield, Blackstone, Webster, New- 
port, Narragansett Bay, Burrillville, New Haven, Meriden. 
The investigation is a part of the studies made in mapping the 
Pleistocene deposits of this district and has been conducted 
under the immediate charge of Mr. N. S. Shaler. 
Terminology. 
The term esker is employed in this pa])er to designate those 
elongate and often serpentine ridges of gravel and sand which 
mark the course of water-channels in the ice-sheet of the last 
glacial epoch. The term kames is used in the restricted sense 
proposed by Chamberlin, and is intended to denote collectively 
the mounds of gravel and sand often bordered by hollows, which 
sometimes accompany moraine terraces, the heads of sand-plains, 
and areas of water-laid drift lying within the field occupied by 
the ice-sheet. Moraine terrace is used in the sense advocated 
