IS94. 
OZO 
Fig. 
tubi 
id; 
3. Larva of 
'^.gl, salivary 
tr.t, urinary 
i, intestine; st, 
stomach ; coe, coecal 
ippeiidages; t, testis? 
—Author del. 
Ill <li[)terous larvae they are present accord- 
ing to Diifour', who describes and figures them 
in Tipulidae {Tipula lu7iata and Pachyrrhi)ui 
maculosa), also in the Mycetophilidae (Myce- 
topliila and Ceroplatus. See also my figure 
of a mycetophilid larva, Sciara-, Fig. 10), 
in the Asilidae and the Oestridae {Hypoderma 
hovis and Oestrus equi). Hence they proba- 
bly exist in nearly if not quite all dij)terous 
larvae. 
The spherical proventriculiis of the larva 
of Pulex is much as in dipterous larvae 
(Tipula and Oestrus) . 
So far as is known there are no coecal 
appendages of the stomach in the larval 
Siphonaptera, though Dufour figures them 
in the larva of Tipula, where there are four 
small ones ; and in the larva of Sciara I have 
found a pair of very large ones nearly one 
third as long as the body (Fig. 10, coe). 
In this larva I could easily see the contents 
of the two coeca passing into the intestine, 
and oscillating back and forth. 
It thus appears that by the external and 
internal structure of the larvae, the Sipho- 
naptera, though presenting superficially a 
close resemblance to the larval Dipter.i, those 
of both groups being a[)odous, and with elon- 
gated bodies, yet differ in important characters, 
and we may agree with Kraepelin, who re- 
marks : "The larvae of the two groups at 
first sight look so much alike and indeed to 
such an extent that Brauer Avithout hesita- 
tion made a distinct group {einorclnuiir/) of the 
larvae of fleas in his group of ortliorajih- 
eucephalous dipterous larvae. But on the 
other hand, it should not be forgotten that 
' Recherches anatomiques et pliysiologiques sur les dipteres. Mdmoires iiiathL'iiiat. 
des savauts 6trangers, Paris, 1851. Separately printed, Paris, 1850. 
■- Kindly identified as a species of Sciara by Osten Sacken, from a tracing of the 
head of uiv sketch. 
spec 
