(iriswoM.l 414 [Dec. iq, 
the liard wood, and seldom take to it when vnu with dogs, 
but double and circle about in the spruces. The hare in Nova 
Scotia is the dark-colored northern form, or true Leptts ameri- 
ciinifx Erxl.; in New Brunswick and Maine, an intermediate 
form ; and in New Hampshire and Massachusetts the light- 
coloi-ed sovithern form Lepus cmiericanus virginianus Harlan, 
that extends from there down the Alleghanies to Virginia and 
North ('arolina. 
THE ORIGIN OP^ THE ARKANSAS NOVACFLTTES. 
BY L. S. GBISWOLD. 
A recent careful and considerate paper^ by Mr. Frank Rutley 
has brought out various weak points in the theory of formation of 
the Arkansas novaculites as advocated in the Annual report of 
the geological survey of Arkansas for 1890, vol. 'A. But the 
theory as a whole is still defended by its author ; and it is hoped 
in the following paper, by a change in the presentation of the facts 
and by bringing into more prominence certain facts which are 
rather deeply buried in the " Report," to present the argument 
more clearly. A special consideration of Mr. Rutley's views will 
then be given. 
Field conditions. We have in western central Arkansas an 
uplift exposing a series of strata from the Lower Carboniferous 
to the base of the Silurian, presenting a conformable section but 
apparently without the Upper Silurian and Devonian. These 
strata have been cast into a complicated series of folds of the 
Appalachian type, and as a result of erosion the harder strata 
present mountain ridges which extend in the zigzag lines char- 
acteristic of the Appalachians east of the Mississippi. The area 
in which the novaculites are exposed extends westward from the 
city of Little Rock in a belt fyom twenty to thirty miles wide for 
about a hundred and twenty-five miles in Arkansas ; the folds of the 
1 tjuart. jonrn. fjeol. soc. Lotxl., Au};;., 18iH, v. 50, p. ;{77-;-l9-2. 
