i895-] 423 [Fewkes. 
ought to have more exact observations of the details of the new 
fire ceremony wherever it survives, especially in less modified, 
savage, or primitive peoples. In the present article I have 
attempted to give an outline of the new fire ceremony as it 
exists among the Pueblo Indians of Tusayan.i 
The current legends of the way the new fire was first obtained 
by man are numerous, but as they afford small help in the study 
of the ritual I have paid little attention to them in this article. 
In certain pueblos, not of Tusayan stock, there is reported to be 
a fire society, which may corresjjond to one or the other of those 
that participate in the events which are described in the folloA\dng 
pages, but I have purposely avoided obvious comparisons with 
them from various reasons, one of which is that it would increase 
this account to undue proportions. Moreover the ceremonies 
here described are not the sole fire rites'^ existing among the 
Tusayan Indians, although so far as I know they are the only 
ones where the new fire is kindled with a great ceremonial. 
The celebration of the new fire ceremony among these people 
possesses elements of dramatization. Originating possibly as a 
practical means of furnishing fii-e to every household, the time of 
its celebration has long since, in Tusayan, ceased to be the only 
one in the year when fire is lighted, although still kept up as an 
important part of the ritual. 
It would seem from a study of the events accompanying this 
rite that the element of phallic worship in it plays a not incon- 
spicuous part. This may be seen in the phallic emblems and 
decorations,^ and is suggested by the bawdy jests indulged in by 
the participants. 
1 In an ethnological study of the evolution of the new ftre ceremony, ami the status 
which it has come to occupy in ceremoniology, it is first necessary to collect a body 
of facts for generalizations; but little progress can be made until the body of facts 
available is large. Very naturally the study of ceremoniology is now in the ascend- 
ant, offering a larger insight into the question of the origin and evolution of human 
culture than can be appreciated. 
2 The Sutnykoli. a strange personification, in olden times i)erformed a fire dance 
which is spoken of by the present priests of Tusayan as far suiierior to any of those 
practiced by the nomadic tribes. 
3 While several ethnologists speak of phallic rites among North .American 
aborigines, others stoutly deny their existence. The facts recorded in the present 
article lead to the belief that this worship probably existed in former times and 
still survives among the Tusayan Indians. I have in my collection of dolls one 
representing Kokopeli, a personage who there is cause to believe is of phallic nature. 
