Fewkes.] 426 fJ*"- '• 
abbreviations, or when this article supplements that already 
published.! 
While there is little doubt from what is recorded in this 
article and in the published account of Naacnaiya that we have 
a fair sketch of the new fire ceremonials, much additional study 
is necessary before the complete ceremony and its significance 
can be made known. One example of the obscurity which hangs 
about this subject may be mentioned. 
The parts of the Wilwiitcimti most battling to interpret are 
those relating to the episodes which it shares with a sister society 
called the M<nnzrautu. What is the meaning of these similarities 
and the relationships implied in the names, brother and sister 
societies, by which the WilimltcimtCi and MamzrcmtH are desig- 
nated ? It has been suggested that both^ these societies came 
from the old pueblo, Awatobi, now in ruins, and the cult was 
rescued from that place at the time of its overthrow. One or 
two facts certainly look that way, for the legends declare that 
both are of foreign origin, and the details of their presentation are 
strangely unlike the other rites in Walpi. The deeper I study the 
ritual of the Tusayan Indians the more I am convinced that it is 
a composite product, so intricate in its relationship to the differ- 
ent families and clans of which the people are composed, that it 
is Avell-nigh ini])ossible to trace the different components to their 
sources. 
The following description embodies the result of studies of this 
ceremony made in two observances, one in the year 189'2, and 
the other in 1893. In both years active ceremonials began on 
November 13,* and continued five days, which with two additional 
preparatory days have the following nomenclature : — 
November S, Tcotcoyiifiya^ Smoke assembly. 
9, Tiyuylava, Announcement. 
2 It would 1)6 rather ditticult on this hypothesis to exi)lain the existence of these 
rites in Oraihi. 
3 This is a remarkable fact considering that the Tusayan Indians can neither read 
nor write, and are ignorant of our almanacs or calendars. Although this is the only 
instance when the assembly of a society fell on the same day in two successive per- 
formances (a year apart) of the same ceremony, the variation is never very great, and 
does credit to the astronomical knowledge of these rude people. 
