Kewkes.] 436 [Jan.»i 
After the corn and bird skins had been put in position various 
ingredients were added to the liquid in the nakxcipi or charm 
medicine bowl, following the prescribed methods which I have 
often described. Songs accompanied by a rattle were sung about 
the bowl, which were preceded and followed by prayers and 
ceremonial smokes. The events performed in the consecration 
of charm liquid are abbreviated, but there is a prescribed sequence 
in arrangement.! 
The use of feathers in prayers and prayer emblems i^paho) is a 
most obscure one and difficult of interpretation. A priest may 
in a general way be said to barter the paho for some benefit he 
wishes with OmowCih^ rain gods, who are the chiefs of the six 
cardinal world quarters [nananaivo monmoioita), or with other 
deities. He places the prescribed feathers on the paho because 
the wise old men said they should, and they not the present 
priests knew why they used the kinds employed. 
As the sun travels across the sky he sees the paho in the 
shrine, but does not take the material sticks, he takes their 
breath body {hiksiadta ahpaa) or pntcauadta^^ their likeness, 
eidolon. The sun puts them in his girdle and carries them to his 
western home, and gives them to Muyinioiih or some earth deity, 
who distributes them to the world quarter chiefs. Before dis- 
1 There are unimportant variations in the details of the events accompanying the 
songs, but the constant features in making charm liquid on a six directions altar 
appear to be as follows : — 
1. Ceremonial smoke. 
•_'. Prayers. 
3. Songs, during which we have one or more of the following e\euts : 
a. Placing herbs or charm stones in the liquid. 
b. Sprinkling meal or corn-pollen in the bowl. 
c. Puffing smoke in the charm liquid. 
d. Dipping the six direction corn singly or together in the buwi. 
e. Dipping other objects of the altar. 
f. Asperging. 
g. Throwing a ray of light into the bowl, 
h. Whistling into the liquid. 
i. Raising the bowl and moving it in cin-uit. 
4. Prayers. 
5. Ceremonial smoke. 
1 have not observed dancing about the medicine bowl when the charm liqiilil is 
being made in Tusayan. 
2 This term is applied also to a reflection in a mirror or to a photograph. Ilcncc 
the objection to having i)hotographs taken, as being the ^iAoXow, ylUaamUa, of 
the i)orson or thing photographed. 
