'895-1 453 [Fewkes. 
over the Sipapu of the Kwankiva and placed his tiponi upon it. 
Each member tied an ear of corn to a string or scrap of calico 
and slung it over his neck so that it hung on his breast. They 
decorated their faces with white pigment. SeA^eral songs, of 
which eight were detected, were then sung, and Tcali kept a score 
of the songs with kernels of corn which he arranged on the floor 
in rectangles. There was occasional asperging to the world 
quarters and rapping on the floor. During the songs a tyler sat 
on the hatch of the kiva, and from time to time the medicine 
bowl was lifted from its place on the floor. This singing seemed 
to belong to the second group of component rites, or the prepa- 
ration of the medicine liquid and six world quarters invocation. 
Simultaneously there was likewise singing in the Monkiva of 
the same import, solemn hymns with stirring passages. i 
It seems evident, therefore, that not far from midnight on the 
fourth day there was a secret ceremonial of the second group in 
all four kivas occupied during the new Are ceremony. 
Attention is called to the importance attached to the culmina- 
tion of the Pleiades in determining the proper time for the 
beginning of certain rites, especially the invocation to the six 
world quarter deities, among the Tusayan Indians. I cannot 
explain its significance, and why of all stellar objects this minute 
cluster of stars of a low magnitude is more important than other 
stellar groups is not clear to me. Its culmination is, however, 
very often- userl to determine the proper time to begin a sacred 
rite bv niojht. 
TXHUXK OR PiGUMXOVE. 
November 17 (fifth day^. — On the morning of this day 
every one in the pueblo, both men and women, washed their 
1 These songs resemlile the nocturnal nielodies and rites of the second and third 
days of N'aacnaiya q. v. 
2 See NoMcnaiya, p. 19'.), 200; Lahikonti. \k 117 ; MuiiizriiLitl. p. 2;J1. 
Mr. R. G. Halibnrton has collected many curious facts in relation to tht- Pleiades 
and their position in determination of the time for the celebration of primitive rites 
and ceremonials. Although I do not feel that I have a broad enough knowledge of 
the subject to discuss his theory, it is certainly a remarkable fact that this constel- 
lation plays such a prominent part in Tusayan ceremony, especially in the deter- 
mination of the time for certain nocturnal rites which occur among these Indians. 
