FOWLER: NEW ENGLAND FISHES. 125 
dusted with inimite darker brownish dots, best seen under a lens. 
Lower surface scarcely paler. Eye dark, evidently reddish in life, 
as traces still remain. Dark brownish dustinjjs behind eye and on 
opercle above, though in no wa}' segregated to form blotches or spots. 
On caudal peduncle at base of caudal, a distinct darker brownish 
blotch about as large as pupil, its horizontal diameter marked by lateral 
line. Fins all uniform pale brownish. Spinous dorsal over most of 
its surface, upper and lower edges of caudal, and terminal and basal 
portions of soft dorsal and anal marked with minute dusky dots. 
Length 31 inches. 
Type, Xo. L3,428, A. X. S. P. Xewport, Rhode Island. Samuel 
Powell. 
Only the above example known. It approaches .1. maculata (Poey) 
of the West Indian fauna, which has been recorded from Katama Bay 
by Dr. H. :\I. Smith in 1898. The reference by Dr. Kendall in his 
list of Xew England fishes in 1908, to A. maculata having been 
reported from Xewport by Cope in 1870 is erroneous, doubtless a 
slip of the pen. The present species differs from A. maculata chiefly 
in color. According to Jordan and Gilbert ' the latter is " intense 
scarlet, nearly uniform; a tinge of crimson about pectorals and on 
sides of head. A round, black, ink-like spot, a little larger than pupil, 
under second dorsal; another, smaller, on upper part of tail, on each 
side, just before root of caudal; tip of caudal whitish; iris red." 
Besides, these authors give the pectoral If in head. 
Originally A. powclli was wrongly identified - with Apogon ameri- 
canus Castelnau.^ Though in a general way it agrees in physiognomy 
and the pectorals, points of difference are seen in the presence of three 
rows of scales on the cheek, no dark spots except on opercle behind 
preopercular edge, and naked breast and prepectoral region. 
In 1900, Dr. C. H. Gilbert ^ described Apogon brasilianus from 
]\Iamanguape, Brazil. This is undoubtedly closer to A. americanus 
than to the present species, only showing a dark spot on the opercle. 
He says that it is "closely related to Apogon imhcrhis and A. dovii, 
but without trace of a black spot on caudal peduncle. This spot 
becomes obscure with age in A. dovii and probably also in A. imberbis 
1 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1882, vol. 5, p. 279. 
2 Trans, .\jner. Phil. Soc, ISGC, ser. 2, vol. 3. p. 400. 
5 Exped. .^jn^r. Sud, Poiss., 1855, vol. 2, p. 3, pi. 3, fig. 2. 
< Proc. Washington Acad. Soi., 1900, vol. 2, p. 168, pi. 9, fig. 3. 
