218 PROCEEDINGS: BOSTON SOCIETY NATURAL HISTORY. 
ium. Below the lateral ridges or edges of the f astigium there 
are sometimes flattened or depressed areas (foveolae), the form and 
location of which are useful in diagnosis. 
The convex portions of the head behind and below the eyes are 
the cheeks or genae (singular gena) . Running downward from the 
lower corner of the eye is a suture; this separates the anterior 
from the lateral parts of the epicranium, the front from the genae. 
At their lower ends these sutures are connected by a deep trans- 
verse groove across the face, below the front. The fixed or rigid 
sclerite below this suture is the clypeus; attached to this on its 
MaxQla 
Mandible 
coxa 
Middle ]»g 
Fia. 7.— Ventral 
view of maxilla of 
L cuat. Enlarged. 
(Original.) 
Fig. 8. — Mesial view Fio. 9. — Rear view of right 
of mandible of Locust. middle leg of Locust. En- 
Enlarged. (Original.) larged. (Original.) 
lower edge is the upper lip or lahrum. The front is divided into 
five parts: the median ridge or frontal costa, the paired antennal 
grooves (or scrobes, or fossae), and the lateral portions adjoining 
the cheeks. 
Attached to the lower border of the cheeks are the paired man- 
dibles, strong, hollow, sac-like outgrowths with black, irregularly 
toothed distal edges, used for biting off fragments of vegetation. 
These are covered in front by the upper lip {labrum) and behind 
and below by the remaining mouth-parts which can be well studied 
only after the head is removed by severing the membrane of the 
neck. This should be cut directly behind the head. 
In the severed head a reflexed hinder part is noticeable, narrow 
dorsally {occiput), and broadening laterally into triangular 
post-genae. Covering the hinder part of the ventral portion of 
the head is the lower lip or labium. This consists of a basal, 
short, widely U-shaped or crescentic sclerite extending between 
