VAN NAME: COMPOUND ASCIDIANS. 403 
of St. Lawrence, 56 fathoms. According to ^'errill and Smith (1873, 
p. 705) it is found "from ^Martha's Vineyard [Ma.ss.] to the Gulf 
of St. Lawrence. Off Buzzard'.s Bay, 25 fathoms, gravel; south 
of Gay Head, 10 fathoms, stony; Casco Bay, 8 to 40 fathoms; East- 
port Harbor and Bay of Fundy, low water to 80 fathoms." Ap- 
parently it is found near low-water mark in the more northern localities 
only. South of the latitude of Boston, it is rare and local. It appears 
to prefer a stonv or gravelly bottom, but grows under a variety of 
conditions. 
Specimens from Station 2698 (off Newfoundland, X. lat. 45° 07', 
W. long. 00° 09', 90 fathoms, sand and pebbles, August 22, 1886) ; 
Station 2lB (Cashe's Ledge, 52 to 90 fathoms, rocky); from several 
stations off Cape Ann; and Station 2525 (X. lat. 41° 49', W. long. 
65° 49' 30", 72 fathoms, sand, gravel, and broken shells, July 13, 
1885) are also in the collection. Some colonies from Stations 839 to 
840 (near the Dumplings, Xarragan.sett Bay, R. L, 20.5 to 27.5 fathoms, 
gravel and sand, August 31, 1880) appear also to belong to this species, 
slightly extending its known range to the westward. A record from 
Watch Hill, R. L, may be correct, but the writer was unable to verify it. 
Its range in depth, as given b}- Verrill and Smith, must be much 
increased. There are half a dozen colonies from Station 2514 (off 
Nova Scotia, X. lat. 43° 28' 30", W. long. 63° 57' 30", 126 fathoms, 
black mud, July 11, 1885). These are large specimens (the largest, 
of somewhat elongated form, measures 33 mm. in length) and form 
rounded or irregularly flattened masses attached by a narrow base 
only, and as would be expected oh a soft muddy bottom, they contain 
little sand in the test. There is also a small but apparently typical 
colony from Station 2429 (off Xewfoundland, N. lat. 42° 55' 30", 
W. long. 59° 51', June 23, 1885) from the considerable depth of 471 
fathoms. There the bottom is gray mud, and this colony also contains 
little or no sand. 
A comparison of this s]:)ecies with the descriptions of .1. Iftcfcum 
Huitfeldt-Kaas (1896) (further described and figured by Hartmever, 
1903) shows that aside from differences in external form, ascribable 
to individual variation, they agree in nearly every particular, the onlv 
important discrepancy being that Huitfeldt-Kaas and Hartmeyer 
found only five or perhaps six rows of stigmata in the branchial sac, 
while the writer has not found less than seven in the American form. 
This is a character which is subject to a good deal of individual varia- 
