VAN NAME: SIMPLE ASCIDIANS. 571 
more or less sinuously (often very irregularly) curved, ending in a very 
short neck with a slightly lobed terminal aperture for the ovary. 
Beside the ovarian aperture there is a small rounded projection on 
which the common sperm duct opens. In each gonad the ovary is 
central and is bordered by the numerous small simply formed testes. 
There are two gonads on the left side of the body, one anterior to the 
bend of the intestinal loop, the other between the loop and the rectum. 
Their necks converge to near the base of the atrial siphon. On the 
right side there is an irregular group of gonads (five to eight in the 
specimens examined). Their necks are directed toward the atrial 
siphon. Some of the gonads may be divided into two branches. 
This is a species of very wide distribution in tropical and warm- 
temperate regions according to Heller (1877) and Hartmeyer (1905) 
but it does not appear to occur in the New England region. Its range 
comprises the Atlantic coast of America from Philadelphia, Penn., 
to Rio Janeiro, Brazil, including various points in the West Indies; 
Montevideo; some of the Pacific Islands; points on the coast of 
Australia; Japan; and Mauritius. The above description and figures 
are from specimens from Fort Macon, N. C, where it is abundant. 
The Philadelphia record (Lesueur, 1823) was based on a specimen 
from a ship's bottom, and may hence have been brought there from 
some more southern locality. 
Tethyum moUe (Stimpson). 
PI. 62, fig. 106; PI. 63, fig. 109; PL 71, fig. 149; text-fig. 37. 
1852. Glandula mollis Stimpson, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 4, p. 230. 
1854. Glandula mollis Stimpson, Smithsonian Contr., vol. 6, p. 30. 
1860. Glandula mollis Stimpson, Smithsonian Check-list, p. 2. 
1870. Glandula mollis Binney, Gould's Invertebrata of Massachusetts, ed. 2, 
p. 22, pi. 22, fig. 317; (but not pi. 24, figs. 328, 329). 
1870. Glandula mollis Verrill, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, vol. 49, p. 424. 
1870. Glandula mollis Dall, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 13, p. 255. 
1871. Glandula mollis Verrill, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 2, p. 361. 
1872. Glandula arenicola Verrill, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 3, pp. 211, 288. 
1872. Glandula mollis Verrill, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 3, p. 213. 
1873. Glandula arenicola Verrill, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 5, pp. 6, 10. 
1873. Glandula arenicola Verrill and Smith, Rept. on Invertebrate Animals 
of Vineyard Sound, pp. 502, 701. 
1874. Glandula arenicola Verrill, Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., vol. 22, pp. 
352, 355. 
1874. Glandula arenicola Verrill, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 7, pp. 39, 413. 
