BUTTERFLIES. 
263 
caterpillars always have sixteen legs ; namely, two, which are 
tapering, jointed, and scaly, to each of the first three seg¬ 
ments behind the head, and a pair of thick fleshy legs, with¬ 
out joints, to all the remaining segments, except the fourth, 
fifth, tenth, and eleventh. 
The butterflies are divisible into two tribes ; namely, the 
true butterflies, which carry all their wings upright when 
at rest; and the skippers, which have only the fore wings 
upright, the hind wings being nearly horizontal when at 
rest. 
1. Butterflies. 
In these insects all the wings are erect when at rest, and 
the antennae are knobbed, but never hooked, at the end. 
Their caterpillars have a head of moderate size, suspend 
themselves by the tail when about to transform, and are 
not enclosed in cocoons. Some of these butterflies have the 
six legs all equally fitted for walking ; their caterpillars are 
more or less cylindrical, and secure themselves by a trans¬ 
verse band, as well as by the tail, previously to their trans¬ 
formation to chrysalids ; and the latter are angular. All 
these characters exist in the following species. 
In the month of June there may be found on the leaves 
of the parsley and carrot certain caterpillars, (Plate IV. 
Fig. 6,) more commonly called parsley-worms, which are 
somewhat swelled towards the fore part of the body, but 
taper a little behind. When first hatched they are less than 
one tenth of an inch in length, are of a black color, 'with 
a broad white band across the middle, and another on the 
tail; and the back is studded with little black projecting 
points. After they have increased in size, and have cast 
their coats, it is found that the white band covers only the 
sixth and seventh segments, that the black projecting points 
spring from spots of an orange color, and on the lower part 
of the sides is a row of white spots, two more spots of the 
same color on the top of the first segment, and one larger 
