THE ATTENDANT PYG.ERA. 
429 
In the remarks preceding the description of Kotodonta con- 
cinna^ mention was made of two kinds of caterpillars, living 
in great numbers on fruit- 
trees in the latter part of 
summero The second kind 
(Fig. 212) are now to he 
described. They grow to a 
greater size, are longer in coming to their growth, their 
swarms are more numerous, and consequently they do much 
more injury, than the red-humped kind. Entire branches 
of the apple-trees are frequently stripped of their leaves 
by them, and are loaded with these caterpillars in thickly 
crowded swarms. The eo:o:s from which they are hatched 
will be found in patches, of about a hundred together, 
fastened to the under side of leaves near the ends of the 
twin’s. Some of them bemn to be hatched about the 20th of 
July, and new broods make their appearance in succession 
for the space of a month or more. At first they eat only 
the under side and pulpy part of the leaves, leaving the 
upper side and veins untouched; but afterwards they con¬ 
sume the whole of the leaves except their stems. 
These caterpillars are sparingly covered with soft whitish 
hairs ; the young ones are brown, and striped with white ; 
but, as they grow older, their colors become darker every 
time they cast their skins. They come to their full size in 
about five weeks or a little more, and then measure from 
an inch and three quarters to two inches and a quarter in 
extent. The head is large and of a black color; the body 
is nearly cylindrical, with a spot on the top of the first ring, 
and the legs dull orange-yellow, a black stripe along the top 
of the back, and three of the same color alternatino; with 
four yellow stripes on each side. The posture of these cat¬ 
erpillars, when at rest, is very odd ; both extremities are 
raised, the body being bent, and resting only on the four 
intermediate pairs of legs. Tf touched or otherwise dis¬ 
turbed, they throw up their heads and tails with a jerk, at 
Fig. 212 . 
